Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Dental Materials 1st Exam > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

(47 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Name two remineralizing agents.

A

Casein phosphopeptide

Amorphous calcium phosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Are adhesives considered direct or indirect restorative materials?

A

Indirect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a definitive restoration?

A

The final, long-term treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are four tissue engineering strategies?

A

Injection of cells

Guided tissue regeneration

Cell induction

Scaffolds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Explain guided tissue regeneration

A

A surgical procedure for regenerating tissue by enhancing the opportunity for one cell type to proliferate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe cell induction

A

Providing growth factors and developmental proteins to the site of interest to induce the progenitor cells to differentiate into the desired tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Explain scaffolds in regards to tissue engineering.

A

Scaffolds promote new tissue formation by providing a surface and void volume that encourages migration and proliferation of the desired cell types

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

By weight, mature enamel is composed of ___ inorganic material, ___ organic material, ___ water.

A

96%
1%
3%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What shape are enamel crystals? How long can they be? How are they packed?

A

Long hexagonal crystals

May span entire enamel thickness

Packed into enamel rods or prisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Individual enamel crystals are coated with ____ which plays a role in ____, this appears to increase enamel ____

A

Lipid/protein

Mineralization

Toughness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the difference between type1,2,and 3 enamel etching?

A

Type 1: prism core is etched

Type 2: prism periphery is etched

Type 3: mixed pattern of both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Near the DEJ, the enamel is more or less difficult to etch? Why?

A

It is more difficult to etch because the enamel is aprismatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

HA in enamel and dentin is ___ deficient and ____ rich.

A

Calcium deficient

Carbonate rich

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Odontoblasts differentiate from the ___ cells of the dental papilla

A

Outer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pulp develops from the ___ central cells of the dental papilla

A

Central

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What structure was the precursor to the DEJ in development?

A

Basement membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Why are dentin tubules more dense towards the pulp?

A

Odontoblasts start at the DEJ but migrate inwards. This is why you find odontoblasts lining the pulp chamber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Dentin is composed of ___ HA, ___ organic material, ___ fluid.

A

50%

30%

20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which contains more organic compounds in dentin… Intratubular or intertubular dentin?

Study These Flashcards
A

Intertubular dentin contains more organic compounds

20
Q

As dentin is etched which is preferentially removed, the intertubular dentin or the intratubular dentin? Why?

Study These Flashcards
A

Intratubular dentin is more easily removed because it has less organic components

21
Q

Is scalloping of the DEJ more prominent in the anterior or posterior teeth? Why?

Study These Flashcards
A

Posterior teeth because it is most prominent where it is subject to more functional stresses

22
Q

What is the difference between adhesive wear, corrosive wear, surface fatigue wear, and abrasive wear?

Study These Flashcards
A

Adhesive wear: disruption of micro junctions

Corrosive wear: physical removal of protective layer due to chemicals

Surface fatigue wear: free particles contribute to high localized stress and produce surface cracks

Abrasive wear: involves a harder material rubbing against a softer material

23
Q

What is wetting power?

Study These Flashcards
A

The tendency of a liquid to spread on the surface of a material

24
Q

What is the index of refraction?

Study These Flashcards
A

The ratio of the velocity of light in air to its velocity in the medium. Light actually changes velocity when it changes its medium!

25
What is the coefficient of thermal expansion?
The change in length per unit length of a material for a 1 degree change in temperature
26
What is electromotive force?
The voltage developed by any source of electrical energy
27
Explain galvanism
Results from difference in electrical potential between dissimilar fillings in opposing or adjacent teeth. Can cause pain and/or corrosion
28
What is pycnometry?
A technique used to determine the density of a material
29
What is rheology?
The study of deformation and flow of a material
30
Name 3 features that direct in-vitro testing can test
Cystotoxicity/proliferation Functionality (do they still make the same proteins and stuff?) Mutagenesis (do cells change core genetic functions
31
What is indirect in-vitro testing?
Cells placed on opposite sides of a relevant barrier of a material
32
Is zinc oxide cytotoxic? Is it disruptive in usage tests?
Yes it is cytotoxic, but it is not disruptive in usage tests because it doesn't penetrate dentin very well
33
What can occur if the material is not bound to dentin strong enough?
Microleakage. This can lead to pulpal irritation, which can also lead to the reestablishment of caries.
34
Does the removal of the smear layer increase or decrease the potential for micro leakage?
Increase
35
MMPs are ___ dependent ____. That degrade the ___ (mostly ____)
Zinc Proteases ECM Collagen 1
36
What is one reason why amalgams last longer than resin?
Resin forms a hybrid layer with dentin that is susceptible to attack by MMPs
37
How do bacteria stimulate MMPs?
Bacteria create acidic conditions which activate host MMPs and can interfere with the function of TIMPs
38
Where do MMPs come from?
They are produced by many cell types (fibroblasts, odontoblasts, osteoclasts, macrophages, neutrophils) Generally associated with inflammation. Also secreted in saliva
39
Which is worse... An amalgam with lots of copper or lots of mercury?
In Vivo and usage tests show that high copper amounts are cytotoxic. (So is Mercury, but less so)
40
What role does polyacrylic acid play in regards to glass ionomers?
They can be used as cement, lining material, base, and restorative material
41
Calcium hydroxide is frequently used as a lining material. It is cytotoxic. Is it better or worse when combined with resin?
Calcium hydroxide is less cytotoxic when combined with resin
42
What element is used in cements for lining and restorations?
Zinc
43
Which is more cytotoxic... Zinc phosphate or zinc polyacrylate?
Zinc phosphate is more cytotoxic. But a thick dentin wall can reduce its effect of cytotoxicity
44
true or false, ZOE (a zinc based cement) has anesthetic properties?
True
45
What is mineralized trioxide aggregate? Cytotoxicity?
It is a non-resin cement. (Portland cement (modified)) Not cytotoxic! Actually increases cell proliferation and synthesis of matrix specific proteins.
46
Resin composites are highly cytotoxic to what cell in particular?
Fibroblasts
47
What are some things that cause resorption of bio materials?
Combo of physiological conditions, phagocytosis, and digestion of cell products

Dental Materials 1st Exam (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions