Exam 1

Question 1

What is evaluated Macroscopically when observing sperm?

Answer 1

Volume and Density

Question 2

What is seen in the sperm when observing Microscopically?

Answer 2

Motility and Morphology

Question 3

What is Capaction?

Answer 3

When the sperm must be in the cows tract for 6-8 hours before it can fertilize

Question 4

What is it called when the sperm head hits the egg and changes the head which also shuts off the egg from attracting other sperm?

Answer 4

Acrosome Reaction

Question 5

What can be added to sperm to preserve it?

Answer 5

Egg yolk, milk, citrates and glycerol

Question 6

How is the % pregnancy determined?

Answer 6

Fertility rate of the herd x herd members detected and inseminated x inseminator effciency x semen fertility

Question 7

What are three Biosecurity goals?

Answer 7

1) Minimize treatment especially antibiotics.
2) Minimize transmission
3) maximize immune system (vaccinate)

Question 8

List three common vaccines

Answer 8

Bangs-Burcellosis
J5-Mastitis
K99-BVD

Question 9

Describe acute sickness

Answer 9

Presence of symptoms-loses a function (milk, calf etc)

Question 10

Still functioning just at a lower level

Answer 10

subacute sickness

Question 11

Describe metabolic

Answer 11

deficiency of a nutrient

Question 12

Describe infectious

Answer 12

Pathogens from other sick vectors or the envrioment

Question 13

List some pathogen types

Answer 13

Fungi, Bacteria, Prion, Protozoa, Virus, Amoeda

Question 14

What is a vector?

Answer 14

Transferring agents such as parasites or mosquitoes

Question 15

List two major herd health goals

Answer 15

Optimize immune system, Decrease pathogen load

Question 16

Functional unit for milk production

Answer 16

Alveolus

Question 17

What is the mammary system

Answer 17

Modified skin gland

Question 18

What is the udder?

Answer 18

a group of 4 skin glands

Question 19

What is a pendulous udder?

Answer 19

An udder that swings to low and isnt well attached to the body

Question 20

What causes a pendulous udder?

Answer 20

Age, Mastitis, Genetics

Question 21

T/F Milk will move between the four quarters

Answer 21

False

Question 22

What percent will each quarter give?

Answer 22

Back will give 60% and front will produce 40% of total production

Question 23

What ligament supports the udder?

Answer 23

Logitudinal

Question 24

Where are the avioli in the udder?

Answer 24

The lobes

Question 25

What is the purpose of the avioli in the lobes?

Answer 25

take the nutrients from the blood and put into the milk

Question 26

How many pounds of blood must pass through the lobes to produce a pound of milk?

Answer 26

500 pounds

Question 27

Which ducts are a heifer born with?

Answer 27

Primary

Question 28

When are the secondary ducts formed?

Answer 28

Puberty

Question 29

How much milk will the Grand cistern hold?

Answer 29

400 ml

Question 30

How much does each teat cistern hold?

Answer 30

30-40 ml

Question 31

Where is the milk stored?

Answer 31

Lumen

Question 32

What is the major Carb in milk?

Answer 32

Lactose

Question 33

What family does the cow belong to?

Answer 33

Bovidae

Question 34

Genus of the cow

Answer 34

Bos

Question 35

Species?

Answer 35

Indicus or Taurus (usually Taurus)

Question 36

How long have cows been domesticated?

Answer 36

8000-10000 years

Question 37

How many farms are in the us?

Answer 37

51,000

Question 38

Avrage of cows per farm today?

Answer 38

115

Question 39

What is the average lbs per cow of milk a year?

Answer 39

more than 20,000

Question 40

What does DHIA stand for?

Answer 40

Dairy Herd Information Association

Question 41

What must sperm go through before it can fertilize an ooctye?

Answer 41

Compaction

Question 42

Semen straws are stored in?

Answer 42

Liquid nitrigen

Question 43

Milking Shorthorn

Answer 43

Bigger Beefy 1200lbs, Polled or Horned Brown

Question 44

Guensey

Answer 44

Golden Milk, 1100, fawn color

Question 45

pros and cons of Guerseys

Answer 45

Beta Karsien-Golden Milk, efficient feed production | small genetic pool,long repro tract

Question 46

Gurnsey imported to the US

Answer 46

1840

Question 47

Gursey originate

Answer 47

Isle of Gurnsey

Question 48

Jersey Orignate

Answer 48

Isle of Jersy

Question 49

Jersey imported to the US

Answer 49

1850

Question 50

pros and cons of Jersey

Answer 50

high components, feed efficent | Attitude, Less production

Question 51

Jersey charecteriscs

Answer 51

Small, dish face, light brown color

Question 52

Ayrshire characteristics

Answer 52

Dark red, 1200lbs, horned sometimes

Question 53

Brown Swiss look like?

Answer 53

Big ears, Black Points, large

Question 54

Ayrshire imported

Answer 54

1822

Question 55

Pros and Cons of Brown Swiss

Answer 55

docile, longevity, adabt | Stubborn, Large

Question 56

Brown Swiss originate

Answer 56

Swiss Alps

Question 57

Ayrshire pros and cons

Answer 57

Docile, good udder | Gene Pool, low production

Question 58

Milking Shorthorn pros and cons

Answer 58

Dual purpose, good repro, good feet and legs | Gene pool, low milk production

Question 59

Shorthorn imports

Answer 59

1783

Question 60

Shorthorn origin

Answer 60

Northeast England

Question 61

Ayrshire

Answer 61

County of Ayre

Question 62

Holstein Association formed

Answer 62

1885

Question 63

Holstein import

Answer 63

1852 Whitrop Chinery

Question 64

pros and cons Holstein

Answer 64

High production, gene pool | longevity, heat stress

Question 65

dairy cow percent are holstein

Answer 65

85

Question 66

Holstein origin

Answer 66

Holland

Question 67

Holstein origin

Answer 67

Holland

Question 68

Ovary funsction

Answer 68

produce estrogen and progesterone and eggs

Question 69

FSH

Answer 69

Follicule Stimulate Hormone, causes ovulation

Question 70

What makes estrogen

Answer 70

follicule

Question 71

CL does what?

Answer 71

Corpus Litium, makes progesterone

Question 72

GnRH?

Answer 72

Genetic released from the brain,

Question 73

Causes anestrus

Answer 73

nutrition, pregnant, waiting dry period, sunlight

Question 74

Good AI program consists of

Answer 74

Technique, Heat Detection, Facilities, Hygiene, Genetics, Nutrition, Herd Health

Question 75

Benefits of AI

Answer 75

gene pool, synchronization, lowers STD and recessive, dead bull use, more calves from bulls

Question 76

what hurts AI

Answer 76

dont use heat detection, sick bull, cyst in cow, nutrition

Question 77

stages of gestation

Answer 77

Ovum 0-13, Embryo, 14-45, Fetus 46-283

Question 78

Stages of birth

Answer 78

contraction, expulsion of fetus, expulsion of fetal membrane

Question 79

Genus and Species

Answer 79

Bos Tarus

Question 80

Chromosones

Answer 80

30 pair

Question 81

BLAD

Answer 81

Immune System

Question 82

DUMPS

Answer 82

Early embryonic Death

Question 83

Weaver

Answer 83

calf sway Brown swiss

Question 84

Limber Legs

Answer 84

Jersey, wobble legs

Question 85

PTA

Answer 85

Predicted Transmitting ability-Breed

Question 86

EPA

Answer 86

Estimated Producing ability-Herd

Question 87

CM

Answer 87

cheese merit

Question 88

PL

Answer 88

productive length

Question 89

SCS

Answer 89

Sumatic Cell Count

Question 90

Part that cups the ovary

Answer 90

Infundibulum

Question 91

M

Answer 91

Milk

Question 92

Abomasum

Answer 92

many folds,

Question 93

Reticulum

Answer 93

second part, honey comb, trip,

Question 94

Rumen

Answer 94

first part

Question 95

Omasum

Answer 95

water absorbation

Question 96

milk is synthesize in alveoli

Answer 96

secretary cells

Question 97

Major artery transporting blood to the mammary system?

Answer 97

Abdominal aorta

Question 98

Two major veins bringing blood away from the mammary system?

Answer 98

external pubic vein, subcutaneous abdominal vein