Exam 1

Question 1

When does the initiation of the entire dentition begin?

Answer 1

During the 2nd month in uterine

Question 2

Does the lamina grow facially or lingually to the enamel organ of deciduous teeth?

Answer 2

Lingually

(Hint it grows in the simplest direction the one with one name baby teeth (deciduous) can’t remember 2 names

Question 3

When does the 1st permanent molar develop?

Answer 3

4 months in utero

Question 4

2nd permanent molars develop when?

Answer 4

1yr old

Question 5

3rd permanent molars (wisdom teeth) develop when?

Answer 5

4-5yrs old

Question 6

What is the Field Theory(Butler) relating to the pattern of dentition?

Answer 6

There are 3 morphological fields: -incisor -canines -premolars/molar

Question 7

Sequence of eruption of primary dentition. (Think chart)

Answer 7

Central: mand 8months max 10 months
Lateral:  max 11 months
mand 13
1st molar: 16 months BOTH max&Man
Canine: max 19 man 20
Second molar: mand 27
Max 29

Question 8

In order to effectively use functional jaw orthopedics what is imperative for correction.

Answer 8

The presence of growth

Question 9

What are the effects of the treatments with Twin Block Appliance

Answer 9

Brings mandible toward and maxilla backwards for class 2 correction

Question 10

Etiology(cause) of malocclusion?

Answer 10

Genetic
EmbryologicAl
Antenatal
Congenital and postnatal

Question 11

The definition of Classification:

Answer 11

The morphologic description of dental, skeletal,

and soft tissue deviations from the norm.

Question 12

Edward Ange

Answer 12

Developed orthodontics as a specialty

Developed ‘edgewise appliance”

Question 13

According to Angle ‘the key to occlusion” is

Answer 13

Maxillary 1st molars

Question 14

Describe the Line of occlusion

Answer 14

a smooth curve
passing through the central fossa of
each molar and across the cingulum
of the upper canine and incisors

same line runs along the buccal
cusps and incisal edges of the lower
teeth

Question 15

Class 1 malocclusion

Answer 15

Has the same relationship as normal occlusion

but Line of Occlusion -(twisting, maloppoosed)

Question 16

Class II Malocclusion

Answer 16

lower molar position distally to upper

Question 17

Weakness in Angles Theories

Answer 17

Angle assumed that 1st molar was always in the correct location
Gave no skeletal consideration
His classifications only considered the Anterior-posterior displacement

Question 18

What are the percentage of natural occurrence of Angle’s 4 groups?

Answer 18

According to NHANES survey the most prominent is 
Class 1 malocclusion 50%
Normal occlusion 30%
Class II = 15% 
ClassIII= less than 1%

Question 19

Brachyfacial type

Answer 19

A broad square face with a strong chin,
flat MP(mandibular plane), a straight
face

Question 20

What would happen if anterior crossbite was untreated?

Answer 20

Warping of the alveolar ridges

Periodontal problem

Question 21

Why is treating anterior crossbite important?

Answer 21

Because primary teeth positions influence the developing permanent tooth buds.

Question 22

Eruption of first molars

Answer 22

Happen 14months mandibular
13 month maxillary

Transition from infantile swallowing to more mature pattern

Question 23

Eruption of canines

Answer 23

17 months mandibular
16 months maxillary
Max cusp tips distal to canine

Question 24

Eruption of second molars

Answer 24

23 months mandible
25 months maxilla
Definite occlusal plane

Causes stabilization of dentition

Question 25

Gum pads in the neonatal stage

Answer 25

Become alveolar processes at time of birth Upper arch•houseshoe shaped Lower arch • U shaped Pink in color, firm an covered by a dense periosteum

Question 26

Pacifier use beyond age 24 months is associated with

Answer 26

Significant greater prevalence of posterior crossbite

Question 27

Pacifier extended 48 months or longer

Answer 27

Cause the greatest change in dental arch an occlusal characteristics

Question 28

The tip of the tongue is responsible for what sounds

Answer 28

T d | S, z

Question 29

When do we translate to adult chewing pattern?

Answer 29

About age 12 | Related to eruption of permanent canine

Question 30

In order for newborns to open airway

Answer 30

The mandible must be positioned forward and downward, away from the posterior pharyngeal wall Allows air to move through nose pharynx and lungs

Question 31

Adult swallow

Answer 31

* relaxed lips * tongue against the alveolar process behind maxillary incisors * posterior teeth brought into occlusion during swallowing * 60% achieve at age 8 If sucking persist no adult swallowing

Question 32

Suckling vs sucking

Answer 32

Suckling to obtain milk Is small nibbling movement of lips Stimulate smooth muscles in lactic gland to contract an secrete •SUCKING Draw

Question 33

successional teeth

Answer 33

Replace deciduous predecessors incisors,canine & premolar formation between 20 weeks in utero and 10 months of age

Question 34

Accessional teeth

Answer 34

No deciduous predecessors molar Formation begins between 14 weeks in utero and 5 yrs of age

Question 35

Nolla stages

Answer 35

Serial radiographs to evaluate dental development | 10 stages of tooth development

Question 36

what are the most important Nolla stages

Answer 36

Stage 2- Calcification | Stage 6- crown completion

Question 37

Nolla stage 6

Answer 37

Movement begins when crown formation complete

Question 38

Nolla's stages 7~8

Answer 38

emergence at vary degree of root development canine 2/3 of root formed premolar: 1/2 of root formed Molar: 1/3 of root formed

Question 39

Nolla's stage 9

Answer 39

Occlusion achieved | Root almost completed but apex still open

Question 40

What are the developmental processes during eruption of successional teeth

Answer 40

``` Resorption of primary tooth elongation of the permanent tooth root Increase in alveolar height Movement of permanent tooth occlusally Less growth in the inferior border of the mandible ```

Question 41

What are the stages of tooth eruption

Answer 41

Pre-emergent eruption: eruption movement in the bone Post emegent eruption: passing through alveolar crest

Question 42

Pre-emergent eruption

Answer 42

begins with root formation 1st step: resorption of bone and primary tooth roots 2nd step: Eruption mechanism itself in the direction where the path has been cleared

Question 43

Post - emergent eruption

Answer 43

Post-emergent spurt Juvenile occlusal equilibrium Adult occlusal equilibrium

Question 44

Post-emergent spurt

Answer 44

Rapid eruption after eruption into mouth

Question 45

Juvenile occlusal equilibrium

Answer 45

Slowing of eruption after contacting with opposing dentition Rate of eruption equal to the rate of vertical growth of mandibular ramus Spurts in eruption accompanies spurts in jaw growth

Question 46

Adult occlusal equilibrium

Answer 46

Continue to erupts at an extremely slow rate | Compensate for loss of tooth structure