Exam 1 Flashcards
(372 cards)
1
Q
function of lymphatic system
A
Drain excess interstitial fluid from tissue spaces & return it to the blood; filters fluid from pathogens
2
Q
histology naming: simple
A
1 layer of cells
3
Q
midsaggital
A
saggital down the midline
4
Q
rhomboideus major: origin
A
T1 - T4
5
Q
lactiferous ducts
A
Ducts that drain the lobes of the mammary glands; open at the nipple
6
Q
Intrinsic laryngeal muscles
A
- Limited to larynx.
- Tension adjustors of vocal ligaments.
- cricothyroid, thyroarytenoid, cricoarytenoid, vocalis, arytenoid
7
Q
periods in history of anatomy
A
- Greek (600 bc to 100 ad)2. Middle Ages (200-1500)3. Modern Era (1500 to modern)
8
Q
teres minor origin
A
middle 1/3 of the lateral border of the scapula (posterior side of scapula)
9
Q
lymphatic system flow
A
one-way flow system – the same stuff is not returned to where it is picked up
10
Q
serratus anterior action
A
rotate and protract scapula (pulls medial border forward), elevate ribs
11
Q
abduction of hands and feet
A
spreading the fingers/toes apart
12
Q
name of big toe
A
hallox
13
Q
parietal pleura
A
secretes fluids so that lung doesn’t stick to stuff
14
Q
trapezius: origin
A
occipital protruberance –> T12, nuchal ligament
15
Q
Abdominal 9 region: looking top middle
A
epigastric region
16
Q
transverse humeral ligament
A
bridges the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus
17
Q
mammary glands
A
modified sweat glands of glandular tissue and fat lined by epithelial tissue
18
Q
Infrahyoid muscles
A
sternohyoid, sternothyroid, omohyoid, thyrohyoid (draws hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage together).
19
Q
vestibule of larynx
A
between the aditus and vestibular folds (= folds of mucous membrane)
20
Q
coracobrachialis: insertion
A
mid medial border of humerus
21
Q
forearm muscles: deep layer flexor side
A
- flexor digitorum profundus 7. flexor pollicis longus 8. pronator quadratus
22
Q
coracobrachialis nerve
A
musculocutaneous
23
Q
thorax functions
A
protection, muscle attachment, inspiration
24
Q
subscapularis nerve
A
subscapular (upper nerve)
25
coniculate cartilage
small nodules located in posterior of aryepiglottic fold
26
rami
origin of spinal nerves
27
axial and brachial plexus borders
ant - pectoralis major; post - latissimus dorsi; med. - serratus anterior; lat. - humerus (intertubercular groove)
28
head of rib
articulates with the vertebrae
29
attachment at sternal end of clavicle
origin of pec major, origin of sternohyoid and sternocleidomastoid
30
bladder epithelial cells
simple transitional epithelium
31
arteries - practical
```
axillary artery
brachial artery
anterior intercostal arteries
posterior intercostal arteries
internal thoracic arteries
thoracic aorta
carotid artery
thoracoacromial artery
```
32
antebrachium
forearm
33
ankle term
ankle
34
rhomboideus minor: nerve
dorsal scapular
35
opposition (anatomical movement)
touching the thumb to any finger
36
thymus
- a lymphoid organ situated in the neck of vertebrates that produces T cells for the immune system
- deep to manubrium
- pinkish
- lymphoid tissue
- cell mediated immunity
37
anatomy greek origin
ana= apart and tome= to cut
38
abduction
to bring a limb away from the body midline
39
protraction
to move the mandible or shoulders forward
40
kidney epithelial cells
simple cuboidal
41
distal
farther from attachment point
42
teres minor action
adducts, extends & laterally rotates the arm
43
musculocutaneous nerve innervates
anterior arm (coracobrachialis, biceps brachialis, brachialis)
44
nerves of brachial plexus
musculocutaneous, median, ulnar, radial, axillary
45
superficial
toward surface
46
rotation
movement of a body structure around its long axis without displacing the axis
47
1st preserved tissue
1850
48
lymph tissue includes
includes the lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, adenoids and the thymus
49
extension
bring joint toward posteriorincrease the angle over the joint
50
nomina anatomica
eliminated eponyms
51
superior right lung lobules
3 lobules
52
division of ribs types
7 pair are true ribs (attach to sternum via cartilage); 5 pair of false ribs (3 connect via 7 th ribs, 2 floating ribs)
53
ulnar nerve innervates
1.5 muscles on ulnar side of forearm (flexor carpi ulnaris, 0.5 flexor digitorum profundus); all hand except those by median nerve
54
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Pseudostratified b/c every cell touches the membrane but they are different heights so it looks stratified but it is simple w/ cilia
55
right and left anatomically
uses the body's perspective (opposite of looker)
56
neck of rib
constricted portion just lateral to head
57
brachialis nerve
musculocutaneous
58
posterior intercostal veins - left side
```
1-4 = brachiocephalic vein
5-8 = accessory hemizygous
9-12 = hemiazygous
```
59
infraglottic cavity
between vocal folds and inferior border of cricoid cartilage
60
muscles producing movement of scapula: depression
pec major, lat. dorsi, trapezius (inferior), serratus anterior (inferior), pec. minor, gravity
61
middle region of mediastinum contains
- heart
- roots of great vessels to from heart
- pericardium
62
colateral circulation
Anastomoses that provide alternate routes for blood to reach a particular organ or tissue; beneficial in cases of injury
63
anterior
front of body
64
adduction
to bring a limb medial (toward midline)
65
Infraspinatus origin
infraspinos fossa
66
subclavius nerve
subclavian
67
function of rotator cuff
group of muscles and their tendons that hold the head of the humerus securely in place as it rotates within the shoulder joint
68
supraspinatus insertion
Greater tubercle of humerus
69
reposition
separating the thumb and a finger
70
middle right lung lobules
2 lobules
71
coracobrachialis origin
coracoid process
72
plantar surface is
the surface that you stand on (the bottom of your foot
73
innermost intercostals
- part of internal intercostals
- nerves and blood vessels run between innermost and internal intercostals
- origin and insertion same as intercostals
74
Extrinsic laryngeal muscles
Suspend the larynx from surrounding bony structures
| - infrahyoid and suprahydoid
75
jejunum epithelial cells
simple columnar
76
serratus anterior origin
ribs 1-8(9)
77
latissimus dorsi nerve
thoracodorsal
78
dorsal
back side
79
suspensory ligaments of lactiferous ducts
attach the breast to the dermis of the overlying skin; made of collagen and lifts breast
80
axillary artery location
between 1st rib and teres major
81
posterior
back of body
82
pectoralis minor nerve
medial pectoral
83
inversion
plantar surface of foot faces in toward the midline
84
retraction
to move the mandible or shoulders backward
85
Suprahyoid muscles
mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid, digastric
86
smooth muscle cells
single nucleated;
87
coracoacromial ligament
between coracoid process and acromion of clavicle
88
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Non-keratinized type forms the moist linings of the esophagus, mouth and vagina; keratinized variety forms the epidermis of the skin, a dry membrane
89
areola
pigmented area around the breast nipple
90
right and left phrenic nerve
- innervates diaphragm
91
anterior region of mediastinum contains
thymus in early life, CT
92
anterior intercostal arteries
- branches of internal thoracic artery
93
high frequency vibration gives ___ pitch
high pitch
94
plane of section: coronal (frontal)
divides body into anterior and posterior
95
ulna proximal end articulates with:
humerus, radius
96
problems in terminology
synonyms and multiple pronunciations
97
blood supply of thymus is from:
inferior thyroid and internal thoracic arteries
98
larynx size
5 cm long in males, shorter in females
99
rhomboideus major: nerve
dorsal scapular
100
inferior right lung lobules
5 lobules
101
midline of hands and feet
use midline of the hand and foot instead
102
Simple Transitional Epithelium
Ex: Bladder (stretches)
103
mediastinum
- broad median septum
- everything in thoracic cavity except lungs and pleura
- includes: nerves, "great vessels", adipose, esophagus, trachea
104
levator scapulae: nerve
dorsal scapular
105
knee term
genu
106
superior left lung lobules
5 lobules
107
pectoralis minor insertion
coracoid process
108
superior
toward head (standing)
109
separated shoulder is a ______ tear
acromioclavicular ligament
110
dislocated shoulder is a _____ tear
glenohumeral ligament
111
infraspinatus insertion
greater tubercle of humerus
112
deltoid insertion
deltoid tuberosity
113
biceps brachii insertion
radial tuberosity (primary) and bicipital aponeurosis
114
epidermis of skin and esophagus epithelial cells
stratified squamous epithelium
115
plane of section: transverse (cross-section)
divides body into superior and inferior
116
subscapularis origin
subscapular fossa
117
vestibular folds
false vocal cords/folds
- not involved in sound production
- prevent liquid from entering lungs
- thick fold of mucous membrane
118
brachialis action
flexes forearm
119
supination
palm up, belly up
120
caudal
structure toward tail
121
four functional groups of laryngeal muscles
1. adductors and abductors
2. sphincters
3. tensors
4. relaxers
122
unpaired laryngeal skeleton cartilage
1. epiglottic cartilage
2. thyroid cartilage
3. cricoid cartilage
123
depression
lower shoulders, open/drop mandible
124
histology naming: stratified
2 or more layers
125
ventral
belly side
126
pronation
palm down, belly down
127
Abdominal 9 region: looking top right
left hypochondriac region
128
gray's anatomy year
1858
129
muscles producing movement of scapula: retraction
trapezius (middle), pectoralis major and pectoralis minor
130
infraglottic cavity
between vocal fold and crinoid cartilage (inferior border)
131
true ribs
1 -7
132
teres minor nerve
axillary (large→ as big around as a pencil)
133
ulna distal end articulates with
radius
134
great vessels of heart
- brachiocephalic veins
- superior vena cava
- brachiocephalic trunk
- common carotid artery
- subclavian artery and veins
- aortic arch
135
term for belly
abdomen
136
coracoclavicular ligament
two, between coracoid process and clavicle
137
forearm muscles: deep layer posterior side
8. supinator 9. abductor pollicis longus 10. extensor pollicis brevis 11. extensor pollicis longus 12. extensor indicis
138
parts of sternum
manubrium, body, xiphoid process
139
musculocutaneous nerve origin
C5 - C7
140
plane of section: saggital
divided into right and left sections
141
medial/lateral expansion of thorax in inspiration
external intercostals
142
internal thoracic veins
- lateral to body of sternum
| - empty into brachiocephalic
143
cardiac muscle cells
→ looks like smooth but striated; intercalated discs; more spaced than skeletal; striated; cells connected by gap junctions
144
ventricle of larynx
a depression extending laterally between vestibular and vocal folds (= central cavity or airway)
145
arteries of thorax superior to inferior
- right common carotid
- brachiocephalic
- left common carotid
- left subclavian
- posterior intercostal
- anterior intercostal
- left internal thoracic
146
paired laryngeal skeleton cartilage
1. cuneiform
2. coniculate
6. arytenoids
147
triceps brachii: insertion
olecranon process of ulna
148
coracobrachialis: action
adducts and flexes arm
149
lack of lymph tissue can lead to:
edema (excess fluid --> swelling)
150
muscles producing movement of scapula: elevation
trapezius (superior), levator scapulae, rhomboids
151
radius proximal end articulates with
humerus and ulna
152
pectoralis major action
adducts, flexes, extends (when it is flexed, not backwards extension), and medially rotates arm
153
deltoid action
anterior part: flexes and medially rotates; middle: abduct humerus; posterior: extend and laterally rotate
154
tissues of pectoral region
mammary glands, lactiferous ducts, fascia, lymph tissue
155
Abdominal 9 region: looking bottom middle
hypogastric region
156
functions of the clavicle
1. site for muscle attachment and muscle support2. allows for joint formation that increases mobility3. transfers some of the weight of the upper limb to the axial skeleton
157
cuneiform cartilage
small nodules located in posterior of aryepiglottic fold
158
thumb term
pollox
159
cricoid cartilage
- support larynx
- attachment for muscles, membranes and ligaments
- signet ring shape
160
circumduction
movement that follows pattern of flexion, abduction, extension, adduction i.e. arm circles around the shoulder
161
bone of pectoral girdle
clavicle (collar bone) and scapula (shoulder blade)
162
where did paired appendages come from?
fin fold theory -- amphioxus genes of fin turned off and became two separate fins
163
histology naming: squamous
large, flat, diamond shape
164
supraspinatus origin
supraspinous fossa
165
toward the sole of foot
plantar
166
thigh means
hip to knee
167
thorax spans from
neck to diaphragm
168
neck ligaments - practical
- thyrohyoid membrane
- cricothyroid membrane
- cricotracheal ligament
169
cavity of larynx
extends from aditus to inferior border of cricoid cartilage
170
wrist term
carpus
171
median nerve innervates
in hand: 3 thenar muscles, 2 radial lumbrical, and anterior arm except 1.5 muscles on ulnar side
172
pectoralis minor action
depress scapula, elevate ribs (stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against the thoracic wall)
173
fleshy area under thumb
thenar eminence
174
trapezius: insertion
superior margin of spine; clavicle
175
teres major nerve
subscapular
176
right lung has __ lobes and left lung has ____ lobes
```
right = 3 lobes
left = 2 lobes
```
177
middles ages major diseases
plague and suphilis
178
Larynx – General description
- A specialized upper portion of your respiratory system.
- At the level of C3-C6 vertebral bodies.
- Connects pharynx and trachea.
- Made of: muscles, membranes, cartilages
179
Enlarged lymph node in axillary region
can indicate breast cancer
180
lateral
away from body midline
181
Stratified Columnar Epithelium
tissue that consists of two or more layers of column-like cells, contains glands and is found in some ducts
182
how many pairs of ribs?
12 pair
183
triceps brachii: nerve
radial
184
first bone in body to ossify and last to finished =
clavicle
185
pull heels up
plantar flexion, ankle extension (both simultaneously)
186
places with high concentration of lymph nodes
groin, axillary, neck
187
radial vein on (thumb/pinky) side
thumb side
188
neck muscles
- sternohyoid
- sternothyroid
- thyrohyoid
- omohyoid
189
glottis
vocal folds and slit between them, which is the rima glottidis
190
vocal folds
true vocal folds/cords
| - vibrates to produce sound
191
axillary nerve innervates
deltoid, teres minor, skin over deltoid
192
flexion
bring structure towards anterior part of body; Decrease angle between joint
193
1st school of med
UPenn 1765
194
brachium
arm
195
pectoralis major nerve
lateral and medial pectoral nerve
196
leg means
knee to ankle crus
197
subscapularis insertion
lesser tubercle of humerus (anterior side)
198
ulnar nerve origin
C7, C8, T1
199
subscapularis action
rotates arm medially
200
attachment at inferior acromial end of clavicle
insertion for subclavius
201
cephalic vein empties into the:
subclavian vein
202
generation pattern of development of lung
cartilage decreases over time and smooth muscle and elastin increases
203
biceps brachii action
flexes and adducts arm; flex and supinate forearm
204
deltoid origin
lateral clavicle, acromion process, spinal scapula
205
only direct connection between pectoral girdle and axial skeleton
where clavicle articulates with the manubrium of sternum
206
coracobrachialis: nerve
musculocutaneous
207
mammal lung epithelial cells
simple squamous
208
subclavius insertion
inferior acromial end of clavicle
209
brachialis origin
interior 2/3 anterior surface of humerus
210
arm muscles of the anterior arm
coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, brachialis
211
mediastinum regions
superior, middle, anterior, posterior
212
terms for head
cephal, cranium, caput
213
posterior intercostal arteries
- branches of dorsal aorta
214
vocalization occurs when:
air passes through the glottis and vocal folds vibrate
215
rima glottidis
opening between vocal folds and arytenoid cartilage
216
trapezius: nerve
accessory and cervical plexus
217
Submaxillary gland (Salivary Glands in general) epithelial tissue
Stratified Columnar/Cuboidal Epithelium
218
recurrent laryngeal nerve
Primary motor nerve for intrinsic laryngeal muscles
219
Abdominal 9 region: looking middle right
left lumbar region
220
ends of clavicle referred to as __ and look like ___
sternal end and acromial end; sternal end is flat and circular
221
root (places where structures enter/leave lungs)
- pulmonary artery
- 2 pulmonary veins
- main bronchus
- bronchial vessels
- nerves
- lymphatics
222
Superior laryngeal nerve
branch of X; Sensory and motor to extrinsic laryngeal muscles
223
Blood vessels of neck
- Superior and inferior laryngeal artery
| - Branches of superior and inferior thyroid artery
224
arytenoids cartilage
- attach to vocal folds
| - muscle attachment site
225
epiglottic cartilage
provides flexibility to aditus elastic cartilage covered by mucus membrane
226
inferior
toward feet (standing)
227
transverse thoracis: action
expiration (narrows chest)
228
floating ribs
11-12
229
rhomboideus major: action
retract scapula
230
acromioclavicular joint
between acromion and clavicle
231
rhomboideus major: insertion
medial border of scapula inferior to spine
232
supraspinatus nerve
Suprascapular nerve
233
deltoid nerve
axillary
234
median nerve origin
C6 - C8, T1
235
middle ages roles in dissection
barber-surgeon, ostensor, professor
236
radial nerve innnervates
entire posterior arm and forearm
237
arm means
shoulder to elbow
238
attachment at anterior acromial end of clavicle
origin of deltoid and insertion for trapezius
239
aditus
entrance to the larynx from the pharynx above
240
anastomosis
opening; joining of two blood vessels to allow flow from one to the other
241
lymph nodes
Bean-shaped filters that cluster along the lymphatic vessels of the body. They function as a cleanser of lymph as wells as a site of T and B cell activation
242
external and internal intercostals origin and insertion
o: superior from higher rib
i: to next lowest rib
(go from rib to rib)
243
transverse thoracis: insertion
costal cartilage, ribs 2-6
244
tubercle of the rib
rotate/articulates with the transverse process
245
teres major origin
inferior 1/3 of the lateral border of scapula
246
superior region of mediastinum contains
- thymus
- great vessels of heart
- trachea
- esophagus
- vagus n.
- phrenic n.
- Left and rightrecurrent laryngeal nerve, thoracic duct and lymphatic trunks of superior mediastinum
- thymus gland
- CT
- lymph nodes
- fat
247
levator scapulae: origin
cervical vertebrae 1-4, (transverse processes)
248
muscles for vocal folds
- Posterior and lateral cricoarytenoid muscles attach to arytenoid cartilages
- Transverse and oblique arytenoid muscles
249
Abdominal 9 region: looking bottom right
left iliac region
250
Interarytenoid fold = ___ border of aditus
inferior and posterior
251
arm extension
bring joint toward posterior
252
thyroid cartilage
includes the laryngeal prominence, lamina, muscle and membrane attachment; support larynx
253
infraspinatus action
extends and laterally rotates arm
254
supraspinatus action
Abducts arm (reach for back of head)
255
cell junction
how a cell connects to another cell
256
muscles of rotator cuff
four muscles: Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres major, subscapularis
257
latissimus dorsi insertion
crest of the lesser tubercle of humerus (LTC)
258
how many laryngeal cartilages?
9 (3 pairs and 3 unpaired)
259
coracobrachialis action
adduct and flex
260
neck cartilage - practical
cricoid cartilage
| thyroid cartilage
261
surgical anatomy
variations from normal
262
which laryngeal nerve has been injured if a person can't speak?
inferior laryngeal nerve
263
internal thoracic artery
- branch of subclavian artery
| - lateral to body of sternum
264
elbow term
cubitus
265
mediastinum defined
- thick median region between two pleural sacs
- it extends from the superior aperture of the thorax to diaphragm and from the sternum to anterior aspect of bodies of 12 thoracic vertebrae
266
latissimus dorsi action
adduct, extend, medially rotate arm
267
subclavius origin
1st rib (costochondral junction)
268
elevation
move shoulders up, close mandible
269
veins - practical
```
cephalic
basilic
median cubital
axillary
azygous
posterior intercostal
anterior intercostal
internal thoracic
brachial
```
270
point toes down
plantar-flexion
271
foot term
pes
272
latissimus dorsi origin
spinous process of T7-12, L1-5, median sacral ridge, iliac crest
273
radial nerve origin
C5-C8, T1
274
biceps brachii origin
long head -- supraglenoid tubercle
| short head -- coracoid process
275
histology naming: cuboidal
cube shape, has round nucleus
276
coracobrachialis: origin
coracoid process
277
mesentery
connection between mesodermal layers, a fold of the peritoneum that attaches the stomach, small intestine, pancreas, spleen, and other organs to the posterior wall of the abdomen.
278
anterior intercostal veins
- empty into internal thoracic veins
279
muscles producing movement of scapula: downward rotation
gravity, levator scapulae, rhombids, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major and minor, sternocostal head
280
Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
Location: Sweat glands, salavary glands, and the mammary glands
281
what part of skeleton is sternum part of?
axial skeleton -- not part of pectoral girdle
282
teres major insertion
crest of lesser tubercle of humerus
283
pleura histology
simple squamous epithelium
284
medial
toward midline
285
axillary nerve origin
C5, C6
286
transverse thoracis: origin
xiphoid process, inferior of sternum
287
infraspinatus nerve
suprascapular
288
Aryepiglottic folds = ___ margin of aditus
lateral margin of aditus
289
father of anatomy
Andreas Vesalius; demoed on live models, modern era, taught students at night
290
coracobrachialis insertion
mid medial border of humerus
291
proximal
closer to attachment point
292
pectoralis minor origin
ribs 3-5
293
levator scapulae: insertion
superior angle of scapula
294
triceps brachii: action
extends forearm (lat and medial head); extend and adduct arm (long arm); some elbow flexion
295
ligament vs. membrane
```
ligament = dense CT band
membrane = epithelium and CT; thin sheets of tissue
```
296
1st to dissect
Galen
297
thoracic muscles
internal intercostal muscles
external intercostal muscles
transverse thoracis
innermost intercostal muscles
298
term for chest
thorax
299
many cells put together; involuntary and controlled by autonomic nervous system
https://o.quizlet.com/T3AkDNw1ACWv7xHdw1c4yg_m.png
300
membranes/ligaments of larynx
- thyrohyoid membrane
- thyrohyoid ligament
- cricothyroid membrane/ligament
- cricotracheal ligament
301
which side of arm is which head of the biceps brachii?
the long head is on the lateral side
302
anat. term: toward palm
palmer
303
trachea epithelial cells
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
304
cephalic
structure toward head
305
Abdominal 9 region: looking middle left
right lumbar region
306
pectoralis major origin
clavicle, sternum (manubrium), ribs 1-6, aponeurosis of the external oblique
307
Abdominal 9 region: looking top left
right hypochondriac region
308
inferior/superior expansion in inspiration
diaphragm
309
raise toes toward shin
dorsiflexion
310
hand term
manus
311
1st human dissection year
1315
312
elbow to hand referred to as
forearm
313
joint terminology
named according to the two bones the joint joins; name most proximal bone first
314
teres minor insertion
greater tubercle of humerus
315
deep
farther from body surface
316
brachialis insertion
coronoid process of ulna (not typo)
317
glenohumeral ligament
between glenoid cavity of scapula and head of the humerus
318
fissures of the lung
oblique, horizontal
319
subclavius action
flexes clavicle or elevates 1st rib
320
teres major action
adducts, extends & medially rotates arm (same as latissimus dorsi)
321
number of openings on nipple
15-20
322
radius distal end articulates with
ulna and carpals
323
false ribs
8 - 12
324
deep fascia
Connective tissue that separates layers of muscle and envelopes individual muscles
325
fascia
a sheet or band of fibrous tissue such as that beneath the skin and covering muscles
326
skeletal muscle cells
striated and multinucleated arranged in tight bundles
327
expiration
ribs depressed: primarily internal intercostals
328
histology naming: columnar
column-like, long
329
tuberosity
Large rounded projection; may be roughened
330
arm flexion
Lift arm straight up in front
331
esophagus
- fibromuscular tube
- pharynx --> stomach
- 12 in. long
332
serratus anterior insertion
deep medial border of the scapula
333
____ border of epiglottis = ____ border of aditus
superior; superior
334
toward ulna, radius, tibia, fibula side
ulnar, radial, tibial, fibial
335
muscles producing movement of scapula: protraction
serratus anterior, pectoralis major, pectoralis minor
336
cupula of pleura
extends up into the neck; the name of the pleura that surrounds the lung above the clavicle
337
triceps brachii: origin
long head -- lateral border of scapula; lateral -- posterior surface of humerus; medial -- posterior surface of humerus
338
trachea
- splits deep to sternal angle
339
terms for neck
cerviacl, colle, column, jugular, nuchal (nape)
340
lungs are completely mobile in body except for which two locations:
1. roots -- all structures between lung and heart / lung and trachea
2. pulmonary ligaments -- run along edge of lung that keep lung in place
341
pectoralis major insertion
crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus
342
Abdominal 9 region: looking middle middle
umbilical region
343
inspiration
ribs elevated; primarily external intercostals
344
muscles involved in anterior/posterior elevation of the ribs (inspiration)
- pec. minor
- serratus anterior
- external intercostals
- scalene muscles
- neck muscles
345
rhomboideus minor: action
elevates and retracts scapula
346
parasaggital
saggital at a line not on the midline
347
posterior intercostal veins - right side
1st - brachiocephalic
| 2nd to 12th = azygous vein
348
axillary
armpit
349
posterior region of mediastinum contains
- thoracic aorta
- thoracic duct
- lymphatic trunks
- posterior mediastinal lymph nodes
- azygous and hemiazygous veins
- esophagus
- esophageal nerve plexus
350
eversion
describes when plantar surface of foot faces outward (away from midline)
351
axial and brachial plexus includes:
sweat glands, lymph nodes, passageway for nerves and vessels that go from the trunk to the upper limb
352
plexus
a network, particularly of nerve or blood vessels
353
forearm muscles: superficial layer lateral to medial flexor side
1. pronator teres; 2. flexor carpi radialis 3. palmaris longus 4. flexor carpi ulnaris
354
rhomboideus minor: origin
C7, T1
355
forearm muscles: middle layer flexor side
flexor digitorum superficialis
356
direction of striations of external and internal intercostals
external -- lines look like an arrow pointing down
| internal -- lines look like an arrow pointing up
357
inferior laryngeal nerve
Primary motor nerve for intrinsic laryngeal muscles, the ones moving the vocal folds.
358
trapezius: action
rotate scapula, abduct and extend head
359
serratus anterior nerve
long thoracic
360
muscles producing movement of scapula: upward rotation
trapezius (superior), trapezius (inferior), serratus anterior (inferior)
361
larynx functions
- vocalization
| - guard air passageways during swallowing
362
blood vessels serving arm and forearm
left subclavian, left common carotid, right common carotid, right subclavian, axillary, brachial artery
363
forearm muscles: superficial layer posterior side
(lateral to medial); 1. brachioradialis 2. extensor carpi radialis longus 3. extensor carpi radialis brevis 4. extensor digitorum 5. extensor digiti minimi 6. extensor carpi ulnaris 7. anconeus
364
carpal tunnel syndrome
compression of the median nerve as it passes between the ligament and the bones and tendons of the wrist
365
rhomboideus minor: insertion
medial border of scapula at spine
366
superficial fascia
The framework of connective tissue between the skin and underlying muscles
367
inferior left lung lobulues
5 lobules
368
coracohumeral ligament
between dorsal lateral base of coracoid process and the greater and lesser tubercles of humerus, seen on the anterior view
369
fleshy area below pinky
hypothernar eminence
370
Abdominal 9 region: looking bottom left
right iliac region
371
levator scapulae: action
elevate scapula
372
transverse thoracis: nerve
intercostal
