Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Organ Histology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

(56 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

3 functions of epithelium

A

Absorption
Barrier
Secretion
(ABS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

2 parts of basement membrane?

Partial basement membrane?

A

Basal Lamina - from epithelium
Reticular Lamina - from CT

Partial Basement Membrane - Only Basal Lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Epithelium is __________. Cells obtain nutrients by _________.

A

Epithelium is AVASCULAR. Cells obtain nutrients by DIFFUSION.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

2 things epithelium gets from CT

A

Nutrients

Defensive cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

4 types of cell junctions. List first 3 from free edge - in.

A

Zonula Occludens
Zonula Adeherens
Macula Adeheren
Gap Junctions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cell junction type associated w/:
Desmosomes -
Tight Junction -
Adhesion Belt -

A

Desmosomes - Macula Adherens
Tight Junction - Zonula Occludens
Adhesion Belt - Zonula Adherens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

2 parts that connect epithelium to basement membrane and CT

A

Hemidesmosomes - basement membrane

Focal Point contacts - CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Junction diseases:
_________ _________: autoimmune affecting hemidesmosomes
_________ _________: autoimmune affecting desmosomes
_________: bacterial infection of small intestine affecting zonula Occludens

A

Bullous Pemphigoid: autoimmune affecting hemidesmosomes
Pemphigus Vulgaris: autoimmune affecting desmosomes
Cholera: bacterial infection of small intestine affecting zonula Occludens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Respiratory epithelium cell types:
________ Cells - produce mucus
________ ________ Cells - move mucus
________ Cells - stem cell for the 2 cell types above

A

Respiratory epithelium cell types:
GOBLET Cells - produce mucus
CILIATED COLUMNAR Cells - move mucus
BASAL Cells - stem cell for this type of epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Surface Specialization:
__________ - finger-like projections
__________ - extremely long microvilli
_________ - thin apical hair-like extensions
_________ - surface layer of glycoproteins

A 
Surface Specialization:
MICROVILLI - finger-like projections
STEREOCILIA - extremely long microvilli
CILIA - thin apical hair-like extensions
GLYCOCALYX - surface layer of glycoproteins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

5 layers of epithelium

A 
Stratum Basale
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Corneum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

___________: Protect against UV radiation

A

Melanocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

____________ Cells: Antigen presenting cell

Layer found in: Stratum _________

A

LANGERHANS Cells: Antigen presenting cell

Layer found in: Stratum SPINOSUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

________ Cells: provide touch receptors

Layer found in: Stratum ________

A

MERKEL Cells: provide touch receptors

Layer found in: Stratum BASALE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

_________ cells decrease with repeated UV exposure

A

Langerhans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Patches which lack melanocytes

A

Vitiligo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Melanocytes become mitotically active and invade dermis

A

Malignant Melanoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Type of secretion by which the product is released into a duct

A

Exocrine Secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ = components directly involved with the primary function (Ex: \_\_\_\_)
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ = components providing mechanical/metabolic support (Ex: \_\_\_\_)
A 
PARENCHYMA = components directly involved with the primary function (ex: SKELETAL MUSCLE CELLS)
STROMA = components providing mechanical/metabolic support (ex: CT, NERVES, LYMPHATICS)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Method of secretion which involves the entire cell becoming the secretory product

A

Holocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Method of secretion by exocytosis - no cell damage

A

Merocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Method of secretion where the product contains cytoplasm, membranes, and in-tact vacuoles

A

Apocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q 
Secretion Methods:
Lactating mammary glands - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Goblet cells - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Sebaceous glands in the skin - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Ceruminous glands in the ear - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Salivary glands - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Study These Flashcards
A 
Secretion Methods:
Lactating mammary glands - APOCRINE
Goblet cells - MEROCRINE
Sebaceous glands in the skin - HOLOCRINE
Ceruminous glands in the ear - APOCRINE
Salivary glands - ECCRINE (MEROCRINE)
24
Q

Secreted Products:
_______: smallest division of a gland
_______ _______: small group of serous cells attached to a mucus acinus
_________ ______: contractile cells with epithelial origin

Study These Flashcards
A

Secreted Products:
ACINUS: smallest division of a gland
SEROUS DEMILUNE: small group of serous cells attached to a mucus acinus
MYOEPITHELIAL CELLS: contractile cells with epithelial origin

25
Serous glands produce _______ Mucus glands produce _______ Mixed glands produce _______ and ______
Serous glands produce PROTEINS Mucus glands produce MUCUS Mixed glands produce PROTEINS and MUCUS
26
________ Secretion: Type of secretion where product is released into nearby CT for vascular dispersal to target cells/organ. Secretory product is commonly referred to as a ________
ENDOCRINE Secretion: Type of secretion where product is released into nearby CT for vascular dispersal to target cells/organ. Secretory product is commonly referred to as a HORMONE
27
Subtypes of Endocrine secretion: ________ Secretion: signaling cell is close to target cell so the hormone does not enter the blood ________ Secretion: signaling cell is its own target
Subtypes of Endocrine secretion: PARACRINE Secretion: signaling cell is close to target cell so the hormone does not enter the blood AUTOCRINE Secretion: signaling cell is its own target
28
CT: Most derived from ___________ Support cells produce, are separated by, and adhere to _______
CT: Most derived from MESENCHYME Support cells produce, are separated by, and adhere to MATRIX
29
GAG's are (hydrophobic/hydrophilic)
Hydrophilic
30
Sulfated vs. Non-Sulfated GAG's: __________: Holds much water - allowing diffusion __________: Covalently bonded to proteins
Non-Sulfated: holds water/allows diffusion | Sulfated: bonded to proteins
31
(3) Positive aspects of inflammation
Increased Fluidity, Cell Movement, Defensive Cells
32
Most common CT protein
Collagen
33
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome affects _________
Type I Collagen
34
Affects of aging on CT fibers and production
Fiber production decreases | Fibers produced are weaker
35
Vit. C necessary for proper ______-_______(bonding) with the collagen ___ fibers
Vit. C necessary for proper CROSS-LINKING(bonding) with the collagen I fibers
36
Simplest fiber - _________ Fiber known for strength - ________ Fibers affected by age - _________ and _______
Simplest fiber - RETICULAR Fiber known for strength - COLLAGEN I Fibers affected by age - COLLAGEN I and ELASTIC
37
Which fibers? Marfan's - _________ Scurvy - ________ Most numerous in lymph nodes - ________
Which fibers? Marfan's - ELASTIC Scurvy - COLLAGEN I Most numerous in lymph nodes - RETICULAR
38
Reticular fibers are associated with which type of collagen?
Collagen III
39
First fiber produced during wound healing
Reticular
40
Fibroblasts are usually derived from _________
Mesenchymal Cells
41
Structural functions of fibroblasts (2)
Produce and maintain matrix | Healing (scar formation)
42
Defensive functions of fibroblasts (2)
Produce cytokines and enzymes | Phagocytize when necessary
43
_________: mature, less active fibroblast | Function - __________ _______
Fibrocyte | Function - MAINTAIN MATRIX
44
CT structural cell that is numerous when blood supply is limited
Fibrocyte
45
CT cell that functions in epidermal scar shrinkage
Myofibroblasts
46
CT cell that produces antibodies
Plasma cells
47
CT cell type that stores lipids
Adipocyte
48
Myofibroblasts primarily function during (2)
Wounds closure | Tooth eruption
49
Adipocytes produce _________ Plasma cells produce _________ Macrophages are derived from _________
Adipocytes produce LEPTIN Plasma cells produce IMMUNOGLOBULIN Macrophages are derived from MONOCYTES
50
Mast cells are derived from _______ _______ precursor
BONE MARROW precursor
51
``` Functions of mast cells: (mediate the following) __________ Immediate __________ response __________ __________ ```
INFLAMMATION Immediate HYPERSENSITIVITY response ANAPHYLAXIS ASTHMA
52
"Off switch" for histamine
Heparin
53
Mast Cells: Primary mediator that attracts eosinophils - _______ Primary mediator that counteracts the affects of histamine - ________ Primary mediator that attracts neutrophils - _______
Mast Cells: Primary mediator that attracts eosinophils - ECF Primary mediator that counteracts the affects of histamine - HEPARIN Primary mediator that attracts neutrophils - NCF
54
Which mast cell mediated event is likely to involve great basophil stimulation?
Anaphylaxis
55
CT location of mast cells (2)
Under epithelial | By small blood vessels
56
What will leukotrienes do once release from mast cells?
Same as histamine (but stronger)

Organ Histology (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions