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religion 111 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What human species first expressed religious ideas? What’s the evidence?

A

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2
Q

Genesis 1-3 as Jewish and Christian “cosmogonic myth”

A

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3
Q

• Differences between the creation stories in Genesis 1:1-2:4a and 2:4b-25

A

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4
Q

• How biblical scholars see differences in the creation stories as evidence that Genesis is a collection of various ancient Jewish source traditions

A

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5
Q

The story of Adam and Eve’s expulsion from Eden (Genesis 3)

A

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6
Q

The difference between scientific claims and religious claims

A

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7
Q

• Creationism, intelligent design, and theistic evolution: know what each one basically means

A

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8
Q

Jewish scripture: Torah and TaNaKh (discussed in class)

A

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9
Q

• Meaning of “covenant”

A

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10
Q

• What three things does God promise Abraham as part of the covenant?

A

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11
Q

What Jewish practice is instituted by Abraham (as part of his promise back to God)?

A

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12
Q

Genealogy of Abraham (through his grandsons; include wives/concubines)

A

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13
Q

Be familiar with the stories of Abraham, Sarah, Hagar, Isaac, Ishmael, Jacob & Esau

A

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14
Q

Meaning of “midrash” (discussed, with handout, in class)

A

s an interpretive act, seeking the answers to religious questions (both practical and theological) by plumbing the meaning of the words of the Torah.

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15
Q

• Story of Moses’ birth and flight from Egypt

A

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16
Q

• What is God’s revealed name at the burning bush?

A

“I AM” & “Lord”

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17
Q

• Story of the plagues, Passover (Pesach), and exodus from Egypt (towards what place?)

A

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18
Q

• What does Moses ADD to the covenant?

A

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19
Q

• The Decalogue (10 commandments) on Mt. Sinai/Mt. Horeb

A

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20
Q

• A total of 613 mitzvot (commandments or laws) revealed at Mt. Sinai

A

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21
Q

• Promised Land

A

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22
Q

• Note theme in the mitzvot (or mitzvoth): IF you obey, THEN you will flourish as a people

A

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23
Q

• Israelites drawn to the gods of the Canaanites (Ba’al, Asherah)

A

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24
Q

• Name the first three human kings of Israel

A

Saul David Solomn

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25
Q

• About what year did kings begin to rule in Israel?

A

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26
Q

• The capital of Israel is __________ ?

A

Jersulam

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27
Q

• The name of the location of the Temple is Mt. _____ ?

A

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28
Q

• Where did Yahweh really want the Ark of Covenant located? Where did Solomon place it?

A

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29
Q

• After Solomon, the kingdom was divided in half. What were the names of the two halves?

A

Judah & Israel

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30
Q

• Know the centuries when each of these kingdoms was destroyed, and by whom.

A

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31
Q

• Define “prophet,” name a few, and know at least three things they criticized (class lecture)

A

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32
Q

• Themes and contexts of the excerpts from the Prophets & Writings (readings B & C above)

A

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33
Q

• Babylonian Exile & destruction of the first Temple (know the century and/or exact date of it)

A

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34
Q

• What empire allowed exiled Jews to return to Jerusalem and rebuild the Temple (and when)?

A

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35
Q

• What does “messiah” mean? What led to the hope of a messiah?

A

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36
Q

• Who reconstituted the post-exilic community into a new Jewish community—with a religious identity more than a national identity? What two main things did he ask the people to do?

A

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37
Q

• What most threatened the identity of the Jewish community, after the exile?

A

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38
Q

• What were fruits of the exile (and post-exilic period) for Jews? (from lecture)

A

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39
Q

• What Zoroastrian ideas were picked up by Jews during their exile (from lecture)

A

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40
Q

• How is a synagogue different from the Temple?

A

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41
Q

• Rabbis

A

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42
Q

• In what part of the Tanakh do we find “Wisdom literature” like Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Job, and some of the Psalms? (from class discussion)

A

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43
Q

• Story behind Hanukkah (including the role of the Greco-Syrian ruler Antiochus IV and the Maccabean revolt)

A

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44
Q

• What empire ruled Israel/Palestine after 63 BCE?

A

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45
Q

• Distinguish between Sadducees, Zealots, Essenes, Pharisees. Which group controlled the Temple in Jerusalem? Which group included rabbis who taught at synagogues – and survived the destruction of the Temple to develop rabbinic Judaism?

A

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46
Q

• In what year was the Temple destroyed a second and final time? By what imperial power?

A

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47
Q

• Why were some rabbis not too upset by the destruction of the (second) Temple?

A

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48
Q

• Diaspora

A

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49
Q

• What replaced the Temple as the central symbol for Jews?

A

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50
Q

• written Torah, oral Torah: how do they differ?

A

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51
Q

• oral Torah written down in the Talmud (Mishnah + Gemara)

A

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52
Q

• structure of a page of the Talmud (lecture)

A

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53
Q

• the difference between halakhic and haggadic parts of the Talmud ( lecture)

A

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54
Q

• What are rabbinical “responsa?” (from class lecture)

A

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55
Q

• How do philosophers like Maimonides and kabbalistic mysticism differ in their approach to Judaism?

A

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56
Q

• Over the centuries, was Jewish life usually more difficult in Christian or in Muslim countries?

A

.

57
Q

• What’s the basic difference between Ashkenazi and Sephardic Jews?

A

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58
Q

• Yiddish, Ladino

A

.

59
Q

• Examples of Christian persecution of Jews

A

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60
Q

• Crusades: what were their aims, and how were Jews affected?

A

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61
Q

• Inquisition: what was it, and how were Jews affected?

A

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62
Q

• What were blood libel charges that medieval Christians made against Jews?

A

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63
Q

• Usury: what is it, and why was it a factor in Christian persecution of (and stereotypes about) Jews? (class lecture)

A

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64
Q

• Characteristic features of Hasidism (begun by Ba’al Shem Tov or BESHT)

A

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65
Q

• Emancipation (what does it mean regarding Jews in 18th and 19th century Europe?)

A

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66
Q

• Ongoing questions about how much to assimilate to larger non-Jewish cultures

A

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67
Q

• Distinguish Reform, Conservative, Orthodox, and Reconstructionist forms of Judaism (all but the Orthodox form first appeared in the ‘modern’ era, the 19th century and later)

A

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68
Q

• What is Zionism?

A

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69
Q

• Two major 20th century events for Jews: Holocaust; formation of the state of Israel

A

.

70
Q

• When did Israel become a nation again? Why?

A

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71
Q

• the development from henotheism to monotheism (biblical examples of YHWH winning battles with other gods + why in EXILE Jews became convinced that YHWH is God of the whole world, not just Israel)

A

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72
Q

• Shema: What is it? What are its opening lines, and how does its content shape Jewish rituals?

A

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73
Q

• oneness or unity of God

A

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74
Q

• What are some biblical terms that express God’s presence to the world?

A

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75
Q

• En Sof and sefirot: what does each of these kabbalistic terms refer to? How do they depict
both divine unity and multiple aspects of divine operation?

A

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76
Q

• divine transcendence & divine immanence

A

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77
Q

• Jews focus less on orthodox doctrine than on orthopraxis (right ritual and ethical practice)

A

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78
Q

• Know various Jewish answers to the question: why is there suffering and evil?

A

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79
Q

• theodicy (an explanation of how a good, omnipotent God and evil can co-exist)

A

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80
Q

• What are Jewish views of creation?

A

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81
Q

• What are Jewish views of human beings’ nature and role?

A

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82
Q

• mitzvah (singular) & mitzvot or mitzvoth (plural): how many are there?

A

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83
Q

• good and evil inclinations (yetzer hatov and yetzer hara’—but you only need to know the English terms)

A

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84
Q

• teshuvah (repentance) and its four steps

A

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85
Q

• sanctification of human life through Halakhah

A

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86
Q

• the immense value of Torah study (and for Orthodox Jews, the study of Talmud)

A

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87
Q

• Must one be a Jew to be saved “in this world or the next?”

A

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88
Q

• range of Jewish beliefs about the afterlife

A

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89
Q

• Halakhah, “the Path” – also the Jewish legal and ritual tradition, based on the Talmud


A

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90
Q

• SABBATH: What is it, and HOW and WHEN is it celebrated? What are two biblical reasons for celebrating it? 


A

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91
Q

• Know relevant “myths” (historical events or stories), symbols, and rituals regarding the following annual holidays:

* Rosh Hashanah
* Yom Kippur
* Sukkot (The Festival of Booths)
* Hanukkah
* Purim
* Pesach (Passover)
* Shavuot (The Festival of Weeks, or Pentecost)
A

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92
Q

• Shema: how is it “lived out” in daily Jewish rituals?

A

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93
Q

• Minyan

A

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94
Q

• Shofar (class discussion; used in Rosh Hashanah)

A

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95
Q

• kippah/yarmulke (names for Jewish head cap)

A

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96
Q

• tallit(h) and tefillin (class)

A

.

97
Q

• mezuzah; mikveh; shatnetz (each will be described in class)

A

.

98
Q

• dietary laws (kashrut; keeping kosher): avoiding pork and shrimp; avoiding mixing meat and dairy; proper forms of slaughtering animals; etc.

A

.

99
Q

• brit milah (circumcision)

A

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100
Q

• bar/bat mitzvah

A

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101
Q

• marriage: huppah; ketubah (class)

A

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102
Q

• On funerals and the anniversary of a loved one’s death: reciting Kaddish

A

.

103
Q

• What is it forbidden to depict God in a visual form?

A

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104
Q

• Jewish ideas about what makes a person Jewish

A

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105
Q

• Jewish attitudes to conversion

A

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106
Q

• marriage as a mitzvah (Is it okay not to marry in Judaism?)

A

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107
Q

• meanings of “chosen people” (including what it does not mean)

A

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108
Q

• Being a “chosen people” means practicing tzedekah & shalom: ideals drawn from the prophets (what does each mean?)

A

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109
Q

• Is pacifism a common value in Judaism?

A

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110
Q

• signs that the messiah (or messianic age) has come

A

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111
Q

• Zionism

A

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112
Q

• Know the facts and themes described in Dr. Carr’s “Contemporary Nation of Israel” document

A

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113
Q

• What are the West Bank and the Gaza Strip?

A

.

114
Q

• Israeli-Palestinian conflict: what is it about? What are barriers to resolving it?

A

.

115
Q

• The formation of the state of Israel in the 20th century (1948)

A

.

116
Q

• Must one be a Jew to be saved “in this world or the next?”

A

.

117
Q

• range of Jewish beliefs about the afterlife

A

.

118
Q

• Halakhah, “the Path” – also the Jewish legal and ritual tradition, based on the Talmud


A

.

119
Q

• SABBATH: What is it, and HOW and WHEN is it celebrated? What are two biblical reasons for celebrating it? 


A

.

120
Q

• Know relevant “myths” (historical events or stories), symbols, and rituals regarding the following annual holidays:

* Rosh Hashanah
* Yom Kippur
* Sukkot (The Festival of Booths)
* Hanukkah
* Purim
* Pesach (Passover)
* Shavuot (The Festival of Weeks, or Pentecost)
A

.

121
Q

• Shema: how is it “lived out” in daily Jewish rituals?

A

.

122
Q

• Minyan

A

.

123
Q

• Shofar (class discussion; used in Rosh Hashanah)

A

.

124
Q

• kippah/yarmulke (names for Jewish head cap)

A

.

125
Q

• tallit(h) and tefillin (class)

A

.

126
Q

• mezuzah; mikveh; shatnetz (each will be described in class)

A

.

127
Q

• dietary laws (kashrut; keeping kosher): avoiding pork and shrimp; avoiding mixing meat and dairy; proper forms of slaughtering animals; etc.

A

.

128
Q

• brit milah (circumcision)

A

.

129
Q

• bar/bat mitzvah

A

.

130
Q

• marriage: huppah; ketubah (class)

A

.

131
Q

• On funerals and the anniversary of a loved one’s death: reciting Kaddish

A

.

132
Q

• What is it forbidden to depict God in a visual form?

A

.

133
Q

• Jewish ideas about what makes a person Jewish

A

.

134
Q

• Jewish attitudes to conversion

A

.

135
Q

• marriage as a mitzvah (Is it okay not to marry in Judaism?)

A

.

136
Q

• Basic reasons for conflict between Israelis and Palestinians—AND among Israelis themselves

A

.

137
Q

• Examples of concrete dilemmas that accompany the question: Who is a Jew (and to whom)?

A

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religion 111 (3 decks)

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