exam 1 Flashcards
(64 cards)
1
Q
what does boer mean in dutch
A
farmer
2
Q
4 colorings
A
traditional
paint
spotted
full color
3
Q
doe
A
adult female goat
4
Q
buck
A
adult intact male goat
5
Q
wether
A
castrated male goat
6
Q
kid
A
a goat less that a year old
7
Q
yearling
A
one year old goat
8
Q
chevon
A
goat meat
low fat/cholesterol
high iron
9
Q
BCS
A
measures the fat reserves on the animal
1: emaciated
5: obese
10
Q
3 parts of the body to measure BCS
A
Sternum
Ribs
Lumbar region
11
Q
FAMACHA
A
used to detect anemia
1 is the best
5 is the worst
Cover, push, pull, pop
12
Q
TPRR
A
temperature
pulse
respiration
rumen movement
13
Q
Temperature
A
101-102.5
14
Q
Pulse
A
can be check in the neck, behind the front leg, behind the hind leg
70-90 beats/min
15
Q
Respiration
A
- watch the goats sides
- place hand over nose
10-30 breaths/min
16
Q
Rumen movement
A
listen on left side with stethoscope
1-2 movements/min
17
Q
when to do hoof trimming
A
before breeding
before kidding
after being on pasture
once a month
18
Q
hoof trimming
A
- clean out dirt
- trim down the hoof walls so they are even
- trim the sole until you see light pink color
- check hoof, should be a parrallelogram
19
Q
ovaries
A
where the eggs are stored
20
Q
infundibulum
A
catches the ova released by the ovary and connects it to the oviduct
21
Q
oviduct
A
fallopian tubes
serves as transport for the egg from the ovary to the uterus
22
Q
horn of uterus
A
top of uterus
23
Q
uterus
A
where the fetus is carried
where fertilization occurs
24
Q
cervis
A
gateway to uterus from vagina
1-1.5 inches long
consists of 5 cervical rings/folds
25
vagina
birth canal for baby, canal for sexual intercourse
26
vulva
outside, exposed part of the repro tract
27
Type of estrous
seasonally polyestrous
breed in fall
28
how long does the estrous cycle last?
17-24 days
| average is 21 days
29
how long is gestation?
5 months
30
gestation
aka pregnancy
31
estrous cycle
```
proestrus
estrus
metestrus
diestrus
anestrus
```
32
proestrus
2-3 days
| development of endometrium and ovarian follicles
33
estrus
32-40 hours
| ovulation occurs, receptive to mating
34
metestrus
2 days
| sexual inactivity, formation of luteum
35
diestrus
11 days
| Functional corpus luteum, increase in blood concentration of progesterone
36
anestrus
-7 months prolonged period of sexual rest
37
Qualities of a good breeding doe
```
age
good health
temperament
conformation
mothering abilities
```
38
Breeding preparation
1. pre-breeding vaccines
2. flushing
3. signs of estrus
39
Chlamydia vaccine
prevents late term abortions
40
leptospirosis vaccine
prevent early term abortions
41
campylobacter vaccine
prevents late term abortions
42
chlamydiosis
Most abortions in last month of pregnancy
treatment: antibiotics
43
flushing
increase in high quality feeds given to does prior to breeding
2 weeks before introducing buck
44
signs of estrus (receptivity)
```
back-pressure test
flagging
vocalization
urination
increased sociability
```
45
flehmen response
Goat curls his lip back and inhales through nostrils
Helps trap pheromone scents to be analyzed
46
ultrasonography
detect pregnancy, number of fetuses, and the health of the fetus
47
ultrasonography dates
18+ days- amniotic fluid
28+ days- fetal heart beat
40-70 days- best time for counting fetuses
50+ days- sexing the fetus
48
2 types of reproduction
natural breeding
| artificial insemination
49
Artificial insemination pros
pros: Genetic improvement
Extends the use of semen from superior male lineages
Prevents the spread of disease
Less bucks held at the farm
Expensive
Dangerous
50
Artificial insemination cons
Lower success rate than natural breeding
Expensive
AI equipment
Specialized training
Labor intensive
51
ai preparation
1. choosing does
2. flushing
3. estrous synchronization
4. teasing
52
AI Preparation: Choosing Does
```
Good BCS and FAMACHA
Adequate weight
Experienced mom
Age
Temperament
History of reproductive success
```
53
AI Preparation: Estrous Synchronization
Essential for successful artificial insemination
| The process will bring does into heat
54
AI Preparation: Teasing
Teasing: Exposure to a buck after months of absence will induce heat in does
A doe should exposed without contact
Will come into heat 24-96 hours after exposure
First cycle is non-fertile- Short cycle
Will come back into heat 8-10 days after short cycle
55
Progesterone
High when corpus luteum is functional
Drop in progesterone and rise in estrogen: Induces ovulation
56
Lutalyse
Injection contains synthetic prostaglandin
| Lyses any pre-existing corpus luteum
57
AI Preparation: CIDRS
Controlled Internal Drug Release
Gradually releases progesterone
Absorbed through mucous membrane in the vagina and enters the blood stream
Mimics the progesterone production of the corpus luteum
Once the CIDR is removed and Lutalyse is administered, a drop in progesterone will occur
50-55h after removal a doe will come into heat
58
CIDR Administration
1. Put gloves on and insert CIDR into the applicator
2. Wipe down applicator with alcohol
3. Apply sterile lube to the end of the applicator
4. Insert applicator into the vulva and depress the plunger
5. Cut string shorter to prevent CIDR from falling out
59
Estrus Synchronization Timeline
```
10-14 days prior to teasing: flushing
day 0: teasing
day 3: lutalyse injection
day 8: CIDR insertion
Day 13: CIDR removed and lutalyse injection
```
60
AI Preparation: Heat Checks
Does will come into heat 50-55 hours after CIDR removal
Begin 8 hours after removal
Does should be observed for heat behavior every four hours
61
AI Preparation: Heat Behaviors
Look for heat behaviors during heat Checks
Flagging
Urination
Vocalization
Standing for the back pressure test
Interested in buck
Bucks are best at detecting heat behavior
Pay attention to which does he is interested in
62
AI Preparation: Scheduling
Schedule artificial insemination 12 hours after heat behaviors are detected
Onset of estrus in AM, AI in the PM
63
AI Procedure: Preparing the Doe
Restrain and position doe so her rump is elevated
Clean vulva with warm iodine and rinse with water
Dry the vulva
64
Where do you deposit the sperm for AI?
Deposit the sperm in the first or second ring of the cervix
