exam 1 Flashcards
1
Q
media definition
A
means of communication
2
Q
culture definition
A
values, beliefs, and practices that require context
3
Q
what kind of relationship does media and culture have
A
interdependent
4
Q
history definition
A
narrative that organizes and makes sense of the past
5
Q
historiography
A
practice of writing history
6
Q
past definition
A
things that occurred previously
7
Q
presentism
A
history is written and judged from the prospective of when it was created
8
Q
what is presentism also known as
A
Historians fallacy
9
Q
revolution defintion
A
sudden change in the norm
10
Q
who created the stages of media history
A
Lippman
11
Q
4 stages of media history
A
authoritarian
partisan
commercial
organized intelligence
12
Q
authoritarian stage
A
censored
13
Q
partisan stage
A
political parties
14
Q
commercial stage
A
sensationalistic
15
Q
organized intelligence stage
A
future development
16
Q
Elizabeth Eisenstein
A
printing press caused social change; modern world
17
Q
ideology definition
A
create a way of interpreting world and our place in it
18
Q
“The medium is the message”
A
Marshall McLuhan
19
Q
determinist definition
A
technology is bound to happen and change
20
Q
social constructionist definition
A
technology impacted by surroundings
21
Q
utopian defnition
A
like technology
22
Q
luddite definition
A
against technology
23
Q
what did Plato worry about
A
writing might lead to loss of memory
Phaedrus
24
Q
writing shift
A
picture to phonetic
25
3 written language types
logographic (emoji)
syllabic
alphabetic
26
what was the Roman Codez
roman scrolls
27
what were books considered in the dark ages
sacred
28
why did monasteries create books
acts of reverence
29
reverence definition
deep respect for something
30
what was scriptoria
monks copy
31
printing 200-1040
ceramic in China
32
printing 1200s
paper in Europe
33
printing 1400-1500
woodcuts
| Gutenberg metal
34
printing 1517
Martin Luther
35
Johanna Gutenberg
created metal moveable printing
| Europe
36
Printing revolution
paper replaces animal
| woodcuts
37
Francis Bacon
printing, gunpowder and compass have changed humans
38
John Walter II
Editor of the Times in London
39
what did John Walter II invent
steam press
40
David Sarnoff
NBC radio
41
What did Tim Berners Lee invent
internet
42
what was the impact of printing
standardization
created celebs
efficient
43
how many killed in Protestant Reformation
20-30 million
| 30% of Germany
44
effect of printing on science
maps
45
effective of printing on reformation
aided Luthers opinion
46
where did censorship come from
comes from Roman office of Censor
47
sedition definition
against government
48
John Locke
government serves people
life liberty and happiness
49
what did Francois Voltaire write
author of Candide
50
trial of John Peter Zenger
accused of seditious libel
51
seditious libel definition
causing people to rebel
52
David Hume
wanted freedom of press
53
Edmund Burke parliament consists of..
nobility
clergy
middle class
press
54
what was press considered by Edmund Burke
fourth estate; most important
55
what did Thomas Jefferson want
free press
56
Thomas Paine
author
| campaign for freedom
57
who was the first country to abolish censorship
Sweden
58
what was the Alien and Sedition Act
prohibited malicious writing
59
what was the punishment for the Alien and Sedition Act
fine
| 2 years in prison
60
effect of the Alien and Sedition Act
hard for immigrants to become citizens and vote
61
partisan press federalist newspaper
Gazette of the US
62
partisan press democratic republican newspaper
national gazette
63
Alexis de Tocqueville
democracy in america
64
John Walter II
father made london times
65
Benjamin Day newspaper
New York Sun
66
new york sun
controversial
| moon hoax
67
James Gordon Bennett newspaper
new york herald
68
new york herald
robberies, rapes, murders
| sports
69
Horance Greely newspaper
new york tribune
70
Henry Raymond newspaper
new york times
71
new york tribune
aided lincolns campaign
72
new york times
most popular
| neutral
73
joseph m levy newspaper
london daily telegraph
74
london daily telegraph
modeled after new york herald
75
african american press examples
freedoms journal
the rights of all
north star
76
freedoms journal
first owned and operated black newspaper
77
who founded freedoms journal
peter williams
78
the rights of all
replaces freedoms journal
79
who published north star
frederick douglas
80
present african american press
chicago defender
81
american farmer and american turf register
early sports journalism
82
1883 sports journalism
first sports in new york world
83
1895 sports journalism
new york journal
84
Joseph Pulitzer 2 papers
St Louis Dispatch
| New York World
85
Joseph Pulitzer
| progressive era
against racism
yellow journalism
Roosevelt lawsuit
86
William Randolph Hearst
| progressive era
fake news
yellow journalism
Citizen Kane
promoted Spanish American War
87
Nellie Bly
| progressive era
around the world and undercover in asylum
88
what was the newsies strike
against pulitzer and heart
| better pay
89
EW Scripps
united press wire service
| more science
90
alfred harmsworth
daily mail
| clickbait
91
Ida B Wells
Muckraker
anti lynching
social rights
92
Samuel Hopkins Adams
Muckraker
exposed drugs and false advertising
FDA
93
Lincoln Steffens
Muckraker trio
| corruption of government in McClures
94
Cecil Chesterton
Muckraker
exposed stock fraud
Marconi scandal
95
Ida Tarbell
Muckraker trio
McClures
standard oils corruption
96
David G Phillips
Muckraker
treason of senate
exposed bribery in government
97
Upton Sinclair
Muckraker
| the Jungle
98
the jungle
meat packing industry
99
ray standard baker
Muckraker
Woodrow Wilson
following the color line
100
following the color line
racial issues
101
WWI and press
censorship
102
Bolo Pasha Affair
Germans buy French newspapers using US money
103
When was the russian revolution
1917
104
propaganda revolution
information designed to promote a part of view
105
Mahatma Gandhi
campaign Indias freedom
| influenced civil rights movement
106
Ernie Pyle
scripps howard newspaper
| focused on ordinary soliders
107
marguerite higgins wrote...
liberation of dachow
108
marguerite higgins
lifted ban on women reporters in korean war
109
black press double v
victory over racism abroad and at home
110
hutchins commission
5 points we should demand from the press
111
heed their rising voices
talks about racial violence
112
vietnam war coverage type
tv coverage
113
literary journalism
facts and narratives
114
Rachel Carson
warned of pesticide use on ecosystem
115
media convergence definition
new media combining with old media
116
symbolic definition
no relationship to object it describes
117
iconic definition
resembles thing it describes
118
indexical definition
shows evidence
119
who took the first photo
Joseph Niece
120
what was the first photo called
heliograph
121
Louis Dagurre
dagurreotype photography
| didnt patent
122
Roger Fenton
photographed crimean war
123
Mathew Brady
first famous US photographer
civil war
abraham lincoln
124
who took the original oscar wilde photo
Napoleon Sarony
125
"Brownie"
vertical integration
126
vertical integration
whole process used by a single company
127
Jacob Riis
how the other half lives
| flash photography
128
Lewis Hine
social reform
| child labor laws
129
Walker Evans
farm services agency
130
who wrote let us now praise famous men
walker evans
131
Dorothea Lange
farm services agency
| relief for the starving
132
gordon parks
farm services agency
| racial justice
133
ansel adams
farm services agency
| conservation of nature
134
kodak bankruptcy
camera to phone
135
crusading journalism definition
campaigns for political, social, or religious change
136
civil rights definition
right to political and social freedom and equality
137
muckraker definition
expose corruption and scandals in politics
138
common penny press publication
bible
139
how did printing impact the reformation
challenged catholic church
140
william randolph hearst newspaper
new york journal
141
associated press
aggregates news
| monopoly
142
Will Irwin
blamed AP for downfall of press
143
Henry Luce
Time publisher
| Hutchins commission
