EXAM 1-7

Question 1

worldview

Answer 1

overarching narrative that a person uses to see and interpret the world

Question 2

data

Answer 2

information collected of obtained by observation

Question 3

taxonomy

Answer 3

the science of sorting organisms into groups

Question 4

how many days do creationists say that God created the world in

Answer 4

6

Question 5

cell theory

Answer 5

1. all living things are made from cells
2. all cells come from preexisting cells
3. cells perform the functions of living things

Question 6

tissue

Answer 6

a group of cells working together to perform a particular function

Question 7

organ

Answer 7

a group of tissues working together to perform a particular function

Question 8

unicellular

Answer 8

one - celled organism

Question 9

multicellular

Answer 9

many cells working together

Question 10

osmosis

Answer 10

special type of diffusion where molecules of water pass through a semi-permeable membrane

Question 11

aerobic

Answer 11

uses oxygen

Question 12

anaerobic

Answer 12

doesn’t use oxygen

Question 13

producers

Answer 13

can make their own food; photosynthesis

Question 14

consumers

Answer 14

can’t make their own food; eat producers or other consumers

Question 15

ATP

Answer 15

energy molecule of the cell

Question 16

what is needed for photosynthesis

Answer 16

sunlight, carbon dioxide, water

Question 17

what does photosynthesis produce

Answer 17

glucose and oxygen

Question 18

three parts of a nucleotide

Answer 18

sugar, base and phosphate

Question 19

fertilization

Answer 19

the joining of gametes; egg & sperm

Question 20

replication

Answer 20

copying of DNA

Question 21

what does replication produce

Answer 21

identical DNA copies

Question 22

mitosis

Answer 22

cell dividing its chromatin

Question 23

what does mitosis produce

Answer 23

two identical daughter cells

Question 24

meiosis

Answer 24

cell division that results in 4 haploid gametes

Question 25

transcription

Answer 25

making working copies of DNA called RNA

Question 26

translation

Answer 26

converting RNA code into proteins

Question 27

heredity

Answer 27

the study of how traits are passed from one generation to the next

Question 28

phenotype

Answer 28

a physical description; black wool

Question 29

genotype

Answer 29

letters indicating traits; Bb, BB, bb

Question 30

in genotypes, what do capital letters represent?

Answer 30

dominant traits

Question 31

in genotypes, what do lowercase letters represent?

Answer 31

recessive traits

Question 32

simple dominance

Answer 32

when a dominant traits "hides" the recessive trait

Question 33

incomplete dominance

Answer 33

blending of traits; black and white = grey

Question 34

codominance

Answer 34

both traits are present; black and white = black and white

Question 35

how many blood type alleles are there?

Answer 35

3

Question 36

fossil

Answer 36

the preserved remains of plants and animals

Question 37

mineralized fossil

Answer 37

turned to stone; petrified wood

Question 38

trace

Answer 38

not the actual organism but something showing they existed; bite marks, egg shells, etc

Question 39

original material

Answer 39

actual material from the fossilized animal; dino DNA

Question 40

fixity of the species

Answer 40

idea that species do NOT change over time

Question 41

Survival of the fittest

Answer 41

process by which individuals with the better traits survive and reproduce

Question 42

theory of acquired characteristics

Answer 42

passing down traits to offspring

Question 43

modern synthesis

Answer 43

the combining of natural selection and mutations

Question 44

benefits of bacteria

Answer 44

decomposing waste, fixing nitrogen in the soil, aiding in digestion, bioremediation, medicines etc.

Question 45

antibiotic resistant bacteria

Answer 45

bacteria that is not harmed in the presence of a antibiotic

Question 46

latent virus

Answer 46

a virus that is hidden; HIV or cold sore

Question 47

how to prevent a virus

Answer 47

washing your hands and surfaces; well balanced diet, exercise, vaccinations

Question 48

what is a vaccine

Answer 48

a deadened or weakened form of a virus

Question 49

how does a vaccine work

Answer 49

your body fights off the virus and then "remembers" how to fight the virus the next time you encounter it

Question 50

ciliates

Answer 50

move with cilia (tiny hair-like structures)

Question 51

example of a ciliate

Answer 51

paramecium

Question 52

Euglenoids

Answer 52

consume prey & use photosynthesis

Question 53

Flagellum

Answer 53

whip-like structure used for movement

Question 54

plankton

Answer 54

tiny organisms that float near the ocean's surface and are directly/indirectly the main food source for marine animals

Question 55

Amoeboid protist

Answer 55

moves using pseudopods

Question 56

plant-like protist

Answer 56

perform photosynthesis

Question 57

example of a plant-like protist

Answer 57

algae

Question 58

fungus-like protist

Answer 58

resemble fungus; caused the Irish potato famine

Question 59

microspordians

Answer 59

extremely small, parasitic and always found on the insides of animals

Question 60

slime mold

Answer 60

individual cells can clump together in large masses when food is scarce

Question 61

use pseudopods

Answer 61

amoeba

Question 62

hyphae

Answer 62

long cells bound together in a fungus

Question 63

benefits of fungi

Answer 63

antibiotics/medicine, foods (chocolate/cheese), recycling of dead matter, bioremediation etc.

Question 64

dangers of fungi

Answer 64

can be poisonous (not necessarily brightly colored)

Question 65

what do all fungi produce

Answer 65

spores

Question 66

lichens

Answer 66

secrete chemicals that slowly decompose stone; fungi & alga

Question 67

symbiosis

Answer 67

when two organisms live in close relationship with each other