Exam 1 Flashcards

Question

Correll et al (2002)

Answer 1

Participants were told to shoot when their target had a gun. Black targets were mistakenly shot more when unarmed. White targets were mistakenly shot less when armed. IV1: Black or white target IV2: Gun or not gun DV: Reaction time and errors

Answer 2

Ex1: Participants were given a scrambled sentence test (IV1) then were told to go talk to the researcher. Rude priming interrupted their conversation faster, and polite interrupted slower. IV1: Rude priming, polite priming, neutral priming DV1: Time taken to interrupt confederate and researcher Ex2: Participants were given a scrambled sentence test (IV2). They then left, and their walking speed was timed. Elderly priming had a slower pace. IV2: elderly priming, neutral priming DV2: Walking time Ex3: Participants were subliminally shown IV3 and had to complete a long test. At the end, the data was “deleted” and participants were told they had to retake it. Those primed with black faces reacted more hostile. IV3: Exposed to black or white faces DV3: Reaction

Answer 3

Cognitions motivated by emotions that we want

Answer 4

Cognitions independent of emotions

Answer 5

Men were shown either an attractive or unattractive picture of a woman (IV). They then were told to get to know the woman via telephone. The men rated the attractive woman’s call to be more sexually warm. IV: attractive or unattractive picture DV: Rating of woman after phone call

Answer 6

The availability heuristic is a mental shortcut that relies on immediate examples that come to a given person's mind when evaluating a specific topic, concept, method or decision.

Answer 7

Where people classify something based on how similar it is to a typical case

Answer 8

Giving high accuracy ratings to ratings of their personality that are vague

Answer 9

People decide how likely something is based on how easy it is to picture

Answer 10

Interpreting new evidence as supporting one’s belief

Answer 11

We see the world objectively and others are biased

Answer 12

The tendency to create possible alternatives to life events that have already occurred

Answer 13

One part of the face registers one emotion while another part registers a different emotion

Answer 14

Cultural rules about which nonverbal behaviors are okay

Answer 15

Making conclusions about someone based on a small sample of their behavior

Answer 16

Consensus, Distinctiveness, and Consistency

Answer 17

Consistency Low: an abnormal situation All High: External Attribution Consensus/Distinctive Low, Consistency High: Internal Attribution

Answer 18

Quiz show. The questioner was given higher ratings of knowledge than the contestant by contestant and spectator. Questioner rated both equally. Fundamental attribution error IV: Questioner, Contestant, or Spectator DV: Rating of general knowledge

Answer 19

The tendency to make internal attributions as opposed to external attributions.

Answer 20

The seemingly important information that is the focus of people’s perception

Answer 21

We tend to notice the person, not the situation

Answer 22

The tendency to make external attributions for your own behavior. An extension of the fundamental attribution error

Answer 23

The tendency to make attributions that put you in the best light

Answer 24

Me: known self—the information I: the knower—what introspects

Answer 25

The “me” the content of yourself

Answer 26

You introspect to learn about yourself

Answer 27

People learn about themselves by analyzing their actions

Answer 28

They will learn to love the reward and not the task

Answer 29

People experience arousal (heart rate increases) and look for cues to justify (scary thing)

Answer 30

Adopt other people’s perspectives when viewing your own behavior

Answer 31

Trying to get others to see you as you want them to

Answer 32

People flatter to be liked

Answer 33

Make others fear you

Answer 34

Show yourself as morally superior

Answer 35

Make others pity you

Answer 36

Self-esteem is a buffer to prevent people from thinking about mortality

Answer 37

The theory that states that self-esteem acts as an internal sign of self-acceptance

Answer 38

The parts of the self that we are aware of, that influences us, at a given point in time

Answer 39

Knowledge is something that can grow

Answer 40

Participants watched a football game. Fans from each team saw the same things differently in ways that supported their own team. This shows the confirmation bias

Answer 41

The assumption that someone else will react in the event of an emergency

Answer 42

Because of a history/culture based on ranching, Southerners will react more aggressively than Northerners when their "face" or honor is violated.

Answer 43

The perception that you are being prevented from a goal (frustration) increases the probability of aggression.

Answer 44

Studied the relationship between power/status and the usage of the words "I" vs "we" through archival analysis of Nixon vs Nixon's aides, women vs men, Hillary Clinton during the 2008 primaries when she was high in the polls vs low in the polls, and Sylvia Plath vs a non-depressed poet.

Answer 45

The fact that people usually have too much confidence in the accuracy of their judgments

Answer 46

Anger, happiness, surprise, fear, disgust, and sadness

Answer 47

The tendency to stick with an initial judgment even in the face of new information that should prompt us to reconsider

Answer 48

1. self-knowledge 2. self-control 3. impression management 4. self-esteem

Answer 49

The idea that self control takes energy, and therefore when exerting a lot of self control in one area, you have less energy to exert it in other areas (ex. time of day; morning has more energy hence more self control). People who believe this doesn't exist, however, are not as affected by it.