Exam 1 Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is the definition of psychology?
the scientific study of the behavior of individuals and their mental processes
what is the difference between psychology and sociology?
psychology: individual
sociology: groups
what did aristotle study?
philosophical empiricism, knowledge through experience
what did Plato study?
innate knowledge
what did desecrated study?
the mind and body are separate entities
what did wundt and titschener study?
structuralism
who came up with functionalism?
william james
what were freud’s ideas
sex and aggression, unconscious
what is behaviorism
only study observable behaviors
who founded behaviorism
watson and skinner
who said free will is an illusion
skinner
what did maslow believe in?
self-actualization, free will, choice, humanism
what are the six steps of research project?
ask a question, develop a hypothesis, select a meths and design study, collect data, analyze data and draw conclusions, report findings
what is an experimental design
a variable is instituted to see its effects on the social behaviors or interests
what is an independent variable
a variable that is varied or changed by the researcher
what is the quasi variable
a variable a researcher cannot randomly assign, personality traits or gender etc
what is the dependent variable
the thing being measured
what does a true experiment have
experimental variables and random assignment
what is an experimental variable
the experimenter actually manipulates all of the independent variable
what is random assignment
each subject has an equal chance of being assigned to any level of the IV
what are the criteria for causality
relationship between the variables, the casual variable precedes the affected variable, no possibility of confounders
what are the three types od correlational research
observational, archival, and surveys
