Exam 1 Flashcards
Frontier Economics Paradigm (FE) paradigm
[5 Paradigms of Environmental Planning and Management]
- anthropogenic view that resources are limitless and progress is defined by economic growth
- exploitation of finite resources
- industrial agriculture, fossil fuel energy, unregulated waste disposal, high population growth
- no awareness of reliance on ecological systems
Environmental Protection (EP) paradigm
[5 Paradigms of Environmental Planning and Management]
- characteristic of US policy in the 1970s
- recognizes environmental impacts and seeks to lessen then but, not without significant sacrifice in economic growth
- uses command and control laws to control server environmental impacts
Resource Management (RM) paradigm
[5 Paradigms of Environmental Planning and Management]
- characteristic of US policy in the 1980s
- recognizes long term sustainability as a constraint to economic growth
- sees linkages between population, poverty, and the environment
- based on the concept that the polluted pays for damages
EcoDevelopement (ED) paradigm
[5 Paradigms of Environmental Planning and Management]
- in process, we re evolving towards this
- characterized by an ecocentric view of the world
- considers ecological values in economic terms
- pollution prevention pays (proactive)
- integration of social, economic, and ecological criteria for technology
- magnitude of change requires new consciousness
Deep Ecology (DE) paradigm
[5 Paradigms of Environmental Planning and Management]
- biocentric view of the world
- reserves all nature at the expense of economic growth
- avoid costs by forgoing development
- low technology and simple material needs
- focuses on conservation and biological diversity
science consideration
[6 Interdisciplinary Considerations]
- based on scientific and engineering principles
- how designed systems and technology can lessen the adverse effects of negative interactions and/or enhance environmental quality
economics consideration
[6 Interdisciplinary Considerations]
- economic cost/benefit analysis
- assessing the value of ecosystem services
evaluation consideration
[6 Interdisciplinary Considerations]
- using objective assessment to assign value to options, compare tradeoffs, resolve conflicts, and make choices
- complicated by need to combine and compare information that is subjective and/or incompatible
politics consideration
[6 Interdisciplinary Considerations]
- values can be represented via the political process
- dependent on good information, a strong constituency, and a Local Champion
law consideration
[6 Interdisciplinary Considerations]
common law - nuisance and public trust doctrine
ex. air and water pollution , trespass, noise levels, etc.
property law - private property rights, eminent domain, police powers, and takings
What are the 2 schools of thought concerning property tension during the 1700s?
[property tension 1700s and role in US land laws]
- that the value of land should be viewed in how it can benefit the individual
- that value of land should be viewed in how it respond to society’s needs; that is what we can do for the public good and the individual
Who were the 2 schools of thought concerning property tension during the 1700s inspired by.
[property tension 1700s and role in US land laws]
philosophers of the time period
Philosophers ideals influenced property rights in differentiating the difference between a land owner’s ______ of _____ and _____ of _____.
[property tension 1700s and role in US land laws]
bundle of r-ights and bundle of R-ights
bundle of r-ights (small r)
[property tension 1700s and role in US land laws]
rights to air, surface, and subsurface (ownership can be separated)
bundle of R-ights (big R)
[property tension 1700s and role in US land laws]
a “bundle” of entitlements defining and owners rights; privileges and limitations in the use and enjoyment of the property
Why are interdisciplinary considerations important?
There is a lot under the umbrella of environmental planning. It is important to recognize the skills that you need in order to do the job well.
_____ _____ _____, were established based on the two schools of thought that the US has operated between.
[property tension 1700s and role in US land laws]
Common law principles
nuisance law (relates to individual)
[property tension 1700s and role in US land laws]
Judicial authority over land use disputes between neighbors to prevent the harm one may cause to another by the use of land
police powers (relates to public good)
[property tension 1700s and role in US land laws]
The authority of the government to regulate human behavior by adopting regulations to protect public health, safety, and welfare.
MP and zoning ordinances come from _____.
[property tension 1700s and role in US land laws]
common law principles that have worked their way into regulations.
bundle of r-ights (small r)
[bundle of rights vs. bundle of Rights]
rights to air, surface, and subsurface (ownership can be separated)
surface - soil, timber, agriculture, water (riparian)
subsurface - groundwater, minerals, oil and gas deposits
bundle of R-ights (big R)
[bundle of rights vs. bundle of Rights]
a “bundle” of entitlements defining and owners rights; privileges and limitations in the use and enjoyment of the property
What is the connection of bundle of rights to environmental planning and management?
[bundle of rights vs. bundle of Rights]
Environmental planning and management can be seen through the establishment of MPs and zoning ordinances. MPs and zoning ordinances stem from common law principles.
Common law principles exemplify US property tension history and outlines how property rights should be handled.
Therefore, bundle of rights is connected to planning and management because, planners must be aware of what extent their bundle or rights goes. They must also know that they can never truly have all the rights to a piece. This is considered in shaping the vision for an area.
Please describe both a Master Plan and Zoning regulations, and the relationship that exists between the two.
A Master Plan is a statement of policy, written and adopted by the planning commission (unless the legislative body has opted to require its approval of the plan). The Master Plan is a 20 year vision describing the desired physical development of the community. The plan is based on: the character of the community and the needs and desires of it residents.
Zoning regulations are the regulations of the uses of land according to the creation of zones and districts. They are concerned with the use of land, not land ownership.
Master Plan and Zoning regulations are related because, zoning must be based on the objectives outlined in there Master Plan.
