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exam 1 Flashcards

(90 cards)

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1
Q

identify the specific medical term for red blood cells

A

Erythrocyte

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2
Q

Identify the specific medical term for white blood cells

A

Leukocytes

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3
Q

Identify the specific medical term for platelets

A

thrombocytes

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4
Q

Identify the renal hormone that increases RBC production in response to low blood oxygen

A

erythropoietin

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5
Q

identify the hormone that stimulates liver glycogenolysis in response to low blood glucose

A

glucagon

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6
Q

indicate the specific dietary nutrient uniquely required to produce thyroid hormones

A

iodine

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7
Q

identify the hormone that decreases blood glucose by driving it into cells to form glycogen

A

insulin

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8
Q

identify the specific location from which adrenaline/norepinephrine is secret

A

adrenal medulla

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9
Q

identify the amount of a hormone remaining after three half-lives (%)

A

12.5%

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10
Q

identify the specific red blood cell protein that binds to CO2 and O2 for transport in blood

A

hemoglobin

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11
Q

identify the specific bone marrow cell from which platelets are formed

A

megakaryocyte

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12
Q

identify the specific vitamin required for liver production of many plasma clotting factors

A

vitamin k

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13
Q

identify the correct name for the fluid portion of blood when it is missing fibrinogens

A

serum

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14
Q

t or f. hemostasis is the formation of a thrombus; fibrinolysis is the breakdown of a thrombus

A

true

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15
Q

t or f. paracrine hormones are volatile molecules that can have an effect on another individual; pheromones bind to receptors on the same type of cell in which they are produced

A

false

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16
Q

t or f. the term “polymorphonuclear” is defined as a many-shaped cell

A

false

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17
Q

t or f. down-regulation occurs when one hormone increases the number of available receptors for a second hormone, thus making those target cells less responsive to the second hormone

A

false

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18
Q

t or f. water soluble hormones such as insulin usually require extracellular receptors

A

true

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19
Q

is not an intact cell

A

platelets

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20
Q

mature cells contain a nucleus

A

WBC

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21
Q

mature cells are capable of mitosis

A

WBC

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22
Q

primary function is a gas transport

A

RBC

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23
Q

remain functional about 5-9 days in blood

A

platelets

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24
Q

provides defense or protection against foreign pathogens

A

WBC

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25
where hormone is produced- growth hormone
anterior pituitary gland
26
where hormone is produced-thyroid stimulating hormone
anterior pituitary gland
27
where hormone is produced-growth hormone inhibiting hormone
hypothalamus
28
where hormone is produced-oxytocin
hypothalamus
29
where hormone is produced-adrenocorticotropic hormone
anterior pituitary gland
30
where hormone is produced-thyrotropin releasing hormone
hypothalamus
31
where hormone is produced-thymosin
thymus
32
where hormone is produced-follicle stimulating hormone
anterior pituitary gland
33
where hormone is produced-ADH (anti-diuretic hormone)
hypothalamus
34
where hormone is produced-glucagon
pancreas
35
where hormone is produced-prolactin
anterior pituitary gland
36
where hormone is produced-insulin
pancreas
37
one major target receptor location for hormone- Luteinizing hormone
reproductive system (including breast tissue)
38
one major target receptor location for hormone- adrenocorticotropic hormone
adrenal cortex
39
one major target receptor location for hormone- thyroid stimulating hormone
thyroid
40
one major target receptor location for hormone- growth hormone releasing hormone
anterior pituitary gland
41
one major target receptor location for hormone- oxytocin
reproductive system (including breast tissue)
42
one major target receptor location for hormone- anti-diuretic hormone
liver
43
one major target receptor location for hormone- growth hormone
all body cells
44
one major target receptor location for hormone- calcitonin
bone
45
one major target receptor location for hormone- prolactin
reproductive system (including breast tissue)
46
one major target receptor location for hormone- glucagon
liver
47
one major target receptor location for hormone- thyroxine
all body cells
48
one major target receptor location for hormone- parathyroid hormone
bone
49
define the difference between an infusion and a transfusion
an infusion involves any isotonic solution, transfusions involve blood or any other body fluid
50
explain specifically why warfarin can be rodenticide and a stroke preventive medication
it is a rodenticide in high doses to a rodent. low doses interferes with vitamin K and stops blood clots
51
identify specific ABO/Rh blood type based on agglutination results: agglutination with Anti-A and anti-b antibodies; no agglutination with anti-Rh antibodies.
AB-
52
identify specific ABO/Rh blood type based on agglutination results: no agglutination with anti-a, anti-b, or anti-Rh antibodies
O-
53
also called a PMN
neutrophils
54
the most common WBC in blood
neutrophils
55
one type produces antibodies
lymphocytes
56
biconcave flexible disk-shaped cells
RBC
57
increases in number with allergies and parasites
eosinophil
58
remains functional for about 120 days in blood stream
RBC
59
becomes macrophage when moves into tissues
monocytes
60
not capable of phagocytosis
platelets
61
creates the color of blood
RBC
62
stronger stimulus increases message frequency
nervous system
63
stronger stimulus increases message concentration
endocrine system
64
requires ligand binding for proper signaling
both the endocrine and nervous system
65
list the three different types or groups of plasma proteins and a general function for each
albumins- maintain osmotic pressure globulins- transport (coagulation) fibrinogen- clotting (agglutination and antibody)???
66
coagulation
plasma protein: fibrinogens + | blood formed element: platelets
67
agglutination
plasma protein: globulins + formed element: RBC
68
at a well-baby visit, a one year old is significantly below the normal height/weight chart for that age. identify three physical locations in which there may be an endocrine problem or lesion preventing normal growth
hypothalamus anterior pituitary all body cells???
69
identify three different ways in which hormone production/release is regulated
hormonal non-hormonal (humoral- glucose, calcium) neural
70
what happens to TRH blood levels if a patient forgets to take their daily dose of thyroxine for 3 days?
goes up
71
what happens to TSH blood levels if a patient take three daily does of thyroxine at one time?
goes down
72
what happens to T3T4 blood levels if the posterior pituitary gland is surgically removed?
no change
73
specifically why is it physiologically possible to give A+ RBCs to a person with type A- blood only once in their lifetime.
because A- does not have any Rh+ antibodies yet, nothing will happen. once the A+ is exposed to the Rh+ antigen once, they build antibodies against it and hemolysis will occur if exposed again.
74
one major target receptor location for hormone- gonadotropin inhibiting hormone
anterior pituitary
75
one major target receptor location for hormone- aldosterone
kidney
76
list three different nutrients required for erythropoiesis
folic acid iron vitamin b12
77
two ways hormones are removed from blood
excretion | metabolism
78
three groups of hormones produced by the adrenal cortex
mineralocorticoids glucocorticoids androgens
79
blood type B+
antibodies: anti-a | RBC donors: B-,O+,O-,B+
80
blood type O+
antibodies: anti-a, anti-b | RBC donors: O-, O+
81
blood type AB-
antibodies: none | RBC donors: O-,A-,B-,AB-
82
BONUS: explain anemia to daughter and what treatment will she need
anemia: when you lose more blood than what your body can make. b12 injections
83
BONUS: identify two different yet specific reasons why insulin cannot be administered to a diabetic patient using a continuous release skin patch
insulin is not needed all the time | it is a water soluble drug and cannot cross skin
84
blood type A+
antibodies: anti-b | RBC donors: A-,A+,O-,O+
85
t or f. hemolytic disease of a newborn only occurs if an Rh- mother has an Rh+ baby
true
86
t or f. all Rh+ babies born to Rh- mothers will exhibit hemolysis and anemia
false
87
t or f. it is antigens of the Rh- mother that cause hemolysis of the newborns RBCs
false. antibodies
88
t or f. RhoGAM is administered before the first pregnancy to prevent the problem in all future babies
false. every
89
explain why an Rh+ mother cant cause hemolytic disease in any of her babies
the mother won't make antibodies against her own antigen
90
define the cross-match of a "type and cross match" before giving a whole blood transfusion
cross the donor plasma with recipient RBCs and donor RBCs with recipient plasma to make sure there are no differences in antigens and/or antibodies which would cause agglutination

A&P2 (1 decks)

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