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History 1302 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Abraham Lincoln

A

Signed emancipation proclamation freeing the slaves in rebellion states

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2
Q

Andrew Johnson

A

rags to riches life, orphaned, wife taught him how to read, served as a US house of representative, US Senator, Military Governor of Tennessee, US VP, US President, US Senator
Opposite views as Lincoln, but remained loyal to the Union
First US President to be impeached. Not convicted of 11 charges.

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3
Q

Freedman’s Bureau

A

supervise the employment, relief and welfare of ex-slaves, set up hospitals, give rations to displaced blacks and whites, set up schools, settle freedmen on abandoned land. It provided a military trial for anyone who violated rights of freedmen.

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4
Q

Ulysses S. Grant

A

winning General in the Civil War. His two terms as President were riddled with corruption. Multiple scandals ruined his reputation

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5
Q

Compromise of 1877

A

Followed the election of 1876 after voting fraud. Committee declared Hayes when Tilden truly won. Republicans and Democrats compromised (old radicals gone, young radicals had different agendas, no public support, no $, unconstitutional)

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6
Q

Fourteenth Amendment

A

designed to grant citizenship to and protect the civil liberties of the freedmen. citizenship=“All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof.”
(Southern states had to ratify 14th Amendment to get back in the Union).

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7
Q

Civil Rights Act 1866

A

Attempted to nullify Black Codes by

providing that blacks had the same civil rights as whites and by providing that federal courts would enforce its terms.

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8
Q

Civil Rights Act 1875

A

Guaranteed full and equal enjoyment, to persons in U.S. of bathrooms, hotels, water fountains, theaters, etc. Access couldn’t be
denied a person because of race, color, religion or political persuasion.
(Declared unconstitutional by Supreme Court in 1883).

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9
Q

Thirteenth Amendment

A

Ended slavery

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10
Q

Atlanta Compromise

A

Speech made by Booker T. Washington about African American community focusing more on jobs and training rather than civil liberties to gain respect from the white community

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11
Q

Fifteenth Amendment

A

The right of U.S. citizens to vote can’t be denied on the basis of “race, color, or previous condition of servitude.”

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12
Q

Jim Crow Laws

A

enforced racial segregation in the US from the 1880s until the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s. Ex. of laws:

  • nurses (no white female nurse had to take care of black men)
  • burial (couldn’t bury black people next to white people)
  • Intermarriage (whites could only marry whites)
  • promotion of equality (anyone protesting segregation could be fined or jailed)
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13
Q

Carpetbaggers

A

Northerners who came south to work In Reconstruction Governments

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14
Q

Scalawags

A

Southern whites who joined the Republican Party and participated in Reconstruction politics

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15
Q

10% plan

A

10 percent of the 1860 electorate must swear loyalty to the US
The state must write a new constitution which recognized the “permanent freedom of slaves.”
The state must set up a public school system

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16
Q

Black codes

A

limited the Freedmens’ economic, civil and political rights.

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17
Q

Tenure of Office Act 1867

A

Required Senate’s approval for the removal of officers appointed by the President with Senatorial consent. Purpose was to keep Johnson from firing his opponents in the Executive Branch.

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18
Q

Edward Stanton

A

Northern democrat, served as secretary of war for Lincoln and Johnson. Opposed slavery, sided with Republicans for harsh treatment of ex-confederate states. Johnson tried to fire Stanton in order to test the constitutionality of the Tenure of Office Act.
(the violation of this act became the most serious accusation against Johnson in his impeachment trial)

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19
Q

Henry W. Grady

A

editor of “The Atlanta Constitution,” was the best known promoter of the New South Ideal

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20
Q

Ghost Dance

A

In the 1880s a new religion promising the destruction of the White Man and the return of the traditional Indian way of life swept across the plains.


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21
Q

Battle of Wounded Knee

A

300 Sioux and 25 soldiers were killed. This was the last “battle” of the Indian Wars

22
Q

Sitting Bull

A

Indian leader killed when the US Government was ordered to stop the ghost dance and arrest the leaders. Killed while resisting arrest

23
Q

Dawes Severalty Act

A

gave 160 acres of reservation land to each head of household and provided citizenship in 25 years

24
Q

Indian Reorganization Act

A

restored tribal ownership of land and self-government, freedom of religion, culture, dancing

25
Q

Henry Comstock

A

Filed a claim for his mine worth $11,000. In 20 years the mine produced $12 million worth of ore a year

26
Q

Homestead Act

A

offered 160 acres free to the adult who lived on it and improved it for 5 years

27
Q

Wild Bill Hickok

A

sharpshooter and professional gambler. shot in the back while holding “dead man’s hand”

28
Q

Wyatt Earp

A

buffalo hunter
policeman in Wichita and an assistant marshal in Dodge City
faro dealer at the Long Branch Saloon in Dodge
stagecoach driver in Tombstone
participant in the infamous “shoot out at the OK Corral”

29
Q

Frederick Johnson Turner

A

Harvard professor who analyzed the impact of the frontier experience upon the development of American culture

30
Q

Plains Hunter

A

lived west of mississippi river

nomadic hunter, didn’t farm or mine, women did all heavy work, lived in easily transported tepees, master horsemen

31
Q

Joseph F. Gidden

A

patented barbed wire in 1874 and 
proved its effectiveness in demonstrations across the
west

32
Q

Buffalo Bill

A

Rode for pony express at 14, killed over 4000 buffalo to feed union pacific R workers, scouted for the union, congressional medal of honor in the plains wars, created Western circus

33
Q

Black Kettle

A

peace chief invited to Washington to meet Lincoln

34
Q

Battle of the Little Bighorn

A

the seventh calgary attacked a camp of over 10,000 indians in an attempt to drive Plains indians out of the black hills

35
Q

Battle of Sand Creek

A

Black Kettles village was attacked by US soldiers

36
Q

Wovoka

A

Creator of the ghost dance

37
Q

Battle of Washita

A

Custer and seventh cavalry attacked Black Kettles camp at the Washita river

38
Q

Eastern Woodland Indians

A

Forest dwellers
Sedentary farmers, hunters and fishermen
Lived in wooden bark and thatch covered dwellings
Cultures corrupted by 200 years contact with whites

39
Q

Trail of Tears

A

The Cherokee of Georgia fought removal in the courts. Despite winning all their cases they were moved west. 1/4 of the Cherokee died.

40
Q

Western Hero

A

Outlaws and Lawmen

The popular press and dime novels turned real and fictional frontiersmen and criminals into romantic heroes.

41
Q

National Police Gazette

A

featured sensational stories of sex, crime, and violence. Its generic model of the Western Hero was followed by other pulp publications.

42
Q

Sharecropper/tenant farmer

A

Sharecroppers planted, nurtured and harvested the crop and then paid rent to the land owner with a share of the crop.

43
Q

George Washington Carver

A

Born a slave, first black student to attend and graduate from Iowa state, head of Tuskegees ag. department, famous botanist for new uses for common plants (peanuts, sweet potatoes, soybeans, black-eyed peas, etc.)

44
Q

Redeemer

A

New democratic party which took control of every southern state. Promised to create a “new south”

45
Q

Mississippi Plan

A

eliminated blacks and
poor whites from the voting rolls by enacting a series of voter qualifications that included: Property ownership, literacy tests, and a poll tax. They also provided some exemptions such as the understanding clause and the grandfather
clause
Supreme Court upheld the plan

46
Q

Pellagra

A

vitamin deficiency resulting from diets of corn, molasses and pork. influenced the development of the stereotype of the lazy, dumb, backward southerner.

47
Q

Insurgents

A

poor and middle class white Democrats who opposed Redeemer tax and spending policies. They tried to gain control but Insurgent racism doomed them to failure.

48
Q

Booker T. Washington

A

Most famous african american leader and educator of New South Era. Founded Tuskegee institute

49
Q

Rutherford B. Hayes

A

Republican Candidate during election of 1876. Declared winner after recount, actually lost

50
Q

Samuel J. Tilden

A

Democratic Candidate during election of 1876, original winner but declared loser after recount

51
Q

Election of 1876

A

Both parties emphasized honesty and good government and chose respectable candidates. Hayes was declared president after an incorrect recount against Tilden

History 1302 (4 decks)

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