Exam #1

Question 1

Population

Answer 1

same species living in the same environment

Question 2

species

Answer 2

organisms that share the same gene pool, make offspring, can’t reproduce with other species

Question 3

community

Answer 3

population of different species living together in the same environment

Question 4

ecosystem

Answer 4

defined unit that includes all the organisms in a given area interacting with each other and the physical environment

Question 5

photosynthesis equation

Answer 5

6CO2 + 6H20 + (energy) → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 6

photosynthesis function

Answer 6

1. produces carbohydrates

2. molecular oxygen as a waste product

Question 7

density dependent mortality

Answer 7

change in population influenced by density; derived from the logistic equation
ex: predators, disease

Question 8

Logistic Growth

Answer 8

limit to growth b/c the environment can’t support an indefinite population

Question 9

Density independent mortality

Answer 9

changes in pop size occur regardless of density

ex: severe weather, droughts, fires, abiotic factors

Question 10

Natural Selection

Answer 10

Adaptations made by species based on a “survival of the fittest” model

Question 11

incipient species

Answer 11

varieties ultimately converted into good and distinct species

Question 12

Parallelism of Earth’s Axis

Answer 12

Axis remains parallel to its former position as it orbits around the sun

Question 13

Terrestrial Biome

Answer 13

distinct biological community that has formed in response to a shared physical climate on land

Question 14

Primary Productivity

Answer 14

rate at which plants and other photosynthetic organisms produce organic compounds in an ecosystem

Question 15

Exponential Growth

Answer 15

lag phase
exponential growth
growth stabilizes/declines
population stabilizes @ lower number

Question 16

Trophic Cascade

Answer 16

waterfall effect of the introduction of a new species to an environment

Question 17

bottom up ecosystem

Answer 17

nutrient supply and productivity controls ecosystem structure

Question 18

predator-prey interactions

Answer 18

increasing prey density leads to increasing consumption by predator; prey population levels off

Question 19

Joseph Grinnel

Answer 19

Twi species of similar food habits are not likely to remain in balanced numbers in the same region

Question 20

Niche (according to Grinnel)

Answer 20

habitat and behavior of a species in its habitat

Question 21

Niche (according to G. Evelyn Hutchinson)

Answer 21

nth dimensional hypervolume inc. environmental conditions and resources

Question 22

fundamental niche

Answer 22

ideal behavior without competition/interference

Question 23

realized niche

Answer 23

what it actually does with competition/interference

Question 24

of species

Answer 24

1.7 million currently

Question 25

Type 1

Answer 25

high to low survivorship | elephants

Question 26

Type 2

Answer 26

steady survivorship | beavers

Question 27

Type 3

Answer 27

low to high survivorship | fish