Exam 1- Bone Tumors Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is the most common type of bone tumor?
Metastasis to bone is MC
Who is at risk for Low back pain of cancerous origin
50 yrs old or more
History of cancer
Cache is (unexplained weight loss)
Pain longer than a month
What are the 3 MC primary bone cancers
- Osteosarcoma
- Chondrosarcoma
- Ewing sarcoma
Elderly= increased risk that bone tumor is malignant
Bone tumors normally occur when?
Before 40
Slow growing, long bones of extremities,
Age and location of osteosarcoma
10-20, knee
Age and location of osteoma
Age 40-50, facial bones/skull
Osteod Osteoma occurs to who and when
Males 2x more likely, age 10-20
Localized nocturnal pain
Smaller than 2 cm, near cortex of femur/tibia, relieved by aspirin
What is an osteoblastoma
2-6cm
Vertebral processes affected
Unrelieved by aspirin
What is an osteosarcoma
Bone producing sarcoma
MC primary bone CA
Males 1.5x more likely 75% of cases less than 20yrs old
Associated with a Codman triangle on X-ray
Location of osteosarcoma
Long bone metaphysics
Knee=60%. Hip= 15% Shoulder= 10%
Destroys cortex “sunburst”
A person that has retinoblastoma syndrome is 1000x higher risk of getting
Osteosarcoma
What is a primary Osteosarcoma
Age 10-20, 60-70% survival rate
Aka typical
Secondary Osteosarcoma
AKA co-morbid
Age 40 or over, paget disease poor response to therapy, typically fatal
Cartilage forming tumors
Hyaline= clear, glass like
Myxoid= mucus like
MC benign
3 main types of Cartilage forming tumors
Osteochondroma aka exostosis
Chondroma aka enchondroma
Chondrosarcoma
Osteochondroma
Benign, cartilage capped outgrowth
Hyalin cartilage
Males 3x higher risk age 10-30
What are the two forms of osteochondroma
Solitary- sporadic, adolescent/ young adult onset
Multiple hereditary Osteochondromas- familial, mutated TSG, childhood onset
Where do osteochondromas occur?
Knee (MC), pelvis, scapula, ribs
1-20cm, slow growing
What’s a chondroma
Benign tumor of hyaline cartilage
Naming is location based
Aka Enchondroma= medullary (favored)
Age of onset of chondroma
20-50
What is Oliver disease
Multiple enchondromas, result of sporadic mutations
MC spot for solitary enchondromsas
Inn the hand specifically proximal phalanges
Gray-blue nodules of hyaline cartilage is a symptom of
Chondroma
Also can have a o-ring
Chondrosarcoma is the 2 MC
Primary bone cancer
40-60 years old males 2x more likely
