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Clin Therapeutics 1 > Exam 1 - Bugs n Drugs > Flashcards

Exam 1 - Bugs n Drugs Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

What are the two grams?

A

Gram Positive, Gram Negative

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2
Q

What are “Atypicals”

A

Neither Gram + or Gram -

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3
Q

What shape are Cocci and Bacilli?

A

Cocci=oval

Bacilli=rod

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4
Q

What is the special test for Gram - Aerobic Bacilli?

A

Lactose Fermenting or Non-Lactose Fermenting

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5
Q

What gram, shape, aerobic, and special test are E Coli, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter?

A

Gram - Bacilli Aerobic Lactose-fermenting

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6
Q

What is the special test for Gram + Bacilli?

A

Acid Fast positive or negative

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7
Q

What is the special test for aerobic Gram + cocci?

A

Coagulase positive or negative

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8
Q

M Tuberculosis is what gram, morphology, and special test?

A

Gram + bacilli acid-fast-positive

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9
Q

S Aureus is what gram, morphology, and special test?

A

Gram +, Cocci, aerobic, clusters, coagulase positive

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10
Q

If Staphylococcus is coagulase-positive which species does it represent?

A

Staph Aureus, most pathological form

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11
Q

If Staphylococcus is coagulase-negative which species does it represent?

A

Staph Epidermis

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12
Q

S Aureus and S Epidermis are what gram, morphology, and “special link”?

A

Gram + Cocci in clusters

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13
Q

S. Aureus called “Penicillin-S” treated with what options?

A

PCN, Amoxicillin, etc

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14
Q

MSSA treated with which 4 options?

A
  1. Oxacillin
  2. PCN + BLI
  3. Cephalosporins
  4. Carbapenems
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15
Q

4 treatment options for MRSA?

A
  1. Ceftaroline
  2. Daptomycin
  3. Linezolid
  4. Vancomycin
    (C.D.L.V…Commercial Drivers License Vroomvroom)
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16
Q

3 treatment options for VISA?

A

Linezolid
Ceftaroline
?Daptomycin?
(LCD…Litchfield County Dispatch)

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17
Q

How to treat VRSA?

A

Based on susceptibility report

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18
Q

Strep Pyogenes aka

A

Group A Beta Hemolytic Strep (GABHS)

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19
Q

Step Agalcitase aka?

A

Group B Beta Hemolytic Strep

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20
Q

Beta Hemolytic Steptococcus which gram and morphology?

A

Gram + Cocci

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21
Q

Which two groups and specific make up Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus?

A

Group A=S Pyogenes

Group B=S Agalactiae

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22
Q

Which Staphylococcus species is Gram + cocci, anaerobic, and gamma-hemolytic?

A

Peptostrepococcus

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23
Q

Which strepotococcus is Gram + Cocci, aerobic, alpha-hemolytic?

A

Strep Pheumoniae

Strep Virdians

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24
Q

Enterococcus species is part of the normal intestinal flora but pathogenic where?

A

Urinary tract (UTI)

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25
What do Beta-Lactams or Vancomycin do to Enterococcus when used along?
Becteriostatic
26
What is required for cidal activity against Enterococcus?
Combination with Aminoglycoside (Gentamycin, Streptomycin) in addition to beta-lactam or vancomycin
27
Drugs of choice for Enterococcus?
Ampicillin IV/Amoxicillin PO
28
Enterococcus tx if allergic to PCN?
Vancomycin IV
29
Tx for Enterococcus-caused UTI and allergic to PCN?
Nitrofurantoin PO, Fofsomycin PO
30
Do Nitrofurantoin PO, Fofsomycin PO, and tetracyclines achieve systemic concentration? Where do they concentrate?
No. Do concentrate in urine.
31
Enterococcus tx if Ampicillin and Vancomycin resistant (VRE)?
Daptomycin IV | Linezolid IV/PO
32
Tx for UTI from enterococcus?
Nitrofurantoin
33
Gram Positive bacilli, acid fast negative, anaerobic?
Clostridium
34
Gram Positive bacilli, acid fast negative, aerobic?
Listeria
35
E. Coli and Klebsiella gram, morphology, aerobic and special test?
Gram negative bacilli, aerobic, Lastose-fermenting
36
Pseudomonas gram, morphology, aerobic, and special test?
Gram Negative bacilli, aerobic, non-lacrosse-fermenting
37
H Flu gram, morphology, aerobic?
Gram Negative bacilli, aerobic.
38
E Coli, Klebsiella, H Flu gram, morphology, aerobic?
Gram negative bacilli, aerobic.
39
Neisseria species (menigitidis, gonorrhoeae) gram, morphology, aerobic?
Gram negative cocci, aerobic.
40
Veillonella gram, morphology, and aerobic?
Gram negative cocci, anaerobic
41
Define "contamination"
Unintended introduction of infectious material. Doesn't normally grow there, likely accidental.
42
Define "Colonization"
Flora living in happy symbiosis and not pathogenic in context of patient's clinical picture. Ex: identification of yeast, enterococcus in sputum samples
43
Define "Infection"
Invasion of host by disease-causing agents, replication of those agents, and the host reaction to those agents and their toxins Ex: Positive Strep Pyogenes throat culture in setting of educates, odynophagia, and erythema
44
Someone with "strep throat" has a contamination/colonization/infection with which bacteria?
Infection with Strep Pyogenes.
45
Which are the sterile sites?
CSF, blood, peritoneum, synovial fluid, pleural fluid, urine (before urethra)
46
What is the #1 pathogenic bacteria causing UTIs?
E. Coli
47
Pharyngeal pathogenic bacteria?
S Pyogenes
48
Two bacteria causing Otitis Media?
H Flu, S. Pneumoniae
49
2 pathogenic skin bacteria?
Step Pyogenes, Staphylococcus (MSSA, MRSA)
50
4 pathogenic respiratory bacteria?
Strep Pnemoniae, M. Pneumoniae, C. Pneumoniae, H. Influenza
51
C. Diff causes?
Diarrhea, bacteremia
52
Streptococci Pneumonia causes what 4 things?
Pneumonia Otitis Sinusitis Meningitis
53
Group B Strep causes what in which age group? Found where?
Neonatal meningitis. Found in vagina.
54
Clostridium Perfinges causes what two things?
Gas gangrene, necrotizing fasciitis
55
MSSA causes what five infections? (Hint: think where on body)
Soft tissue, bone, joint, endocarditis, food poisoning
56
Listeria colonization what two places?
Food and animals
57
Listeria causes what three things?
Meningitis, diarrhea, bacteremia
58
What are two Legionella reservoir?
Water, air
59
Pseudomonas reservoirs?
Water, soil, skin, hospital acquired infections
60
Pseudomonas infects people with what?
Compromised immune system. Cystic Fibrosis patients.

Clin Therapeutics 1 (12 decks)

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