Exam 1 (ch1.1-1.8)

Question 1

Principles of art are comparable to…

Answer 1

Grammar rules of a language

Question 2

Elements of art are comparable to…

Answer 2

Vocabulary of a language

Question 3

Name the 3 different kinds of lines

Answer 3

1) Regular
2) Expressive
3) implied lines

Question 4

expound on regular lines

Answer 4

reflect planning and control. Used to create emphasis. Do not have to be straight but must reflect stability.

Question 5

expound on expressive lines

Answer 5

Used in more emotional paintings. Used to express feelings or ideas that are otherwise difficult to express: chaos, nature, passion, etc.

Question 6

what is an implied line?

Answer 6

a series of marks in a line formation

Question 7

what is a line

Answer 7

a mark connecting 2 points

Question 8

what is a shape?

Answer 8

2 dimensional boundaries of area defined by lines or color change

Question 9

name 2 kinds of shapes

Answer 9

geometric and organic

Question 10

define vanishing point

Answer 10

point on the horizon to which all lines are pointing towards (linear perspective is based on this)

Question 11

vantage point

Answer 11

direction of viewing

Question 12

contrast

Answer 12

strong difference in elements to emphasize a principle

Question 13

volume

Answer 13

amount of space a form occupies

Question 14

mass

Answer 14

expression as solid and occupying space

Question 15

texture

Answer 15

describes or conveys information about a surface

Question 16

form

Answer 16

describes any 3D work

Question 17

describes the different kinds of form

Answer 17

1) organic: derived from living things; irregular lines
2) geometric: definable by #’s; regular lines
3) relief: projected from a flat surface- one sided
4) in the round: seen from all sides

Question 18

describe something that has volume but not mass

Answer 18

……

Question 19

actual texture

Answer 19

if you touched it, it would feel like what it looks like

Question 20

implied texture

Answer 20

appearance conveys an expression of texture, but it would feel different than it looks

Question 21

value

Answer 21

light and dark. Used to create emphasis or 3d illusion

Question 22

hatching

Answer 22

a series of lines, close to and parallel to each other (used to express value)

Question 23

cross hatching

Answer 23

variant of hatching in which the lines overlap to create the impression that something is darker and darker.

Question 24

size

Answer 24

the size of one shape compared to another suggests that the larger object is closer

Question 25

overlapping

Answer 25

the shape that overlaps in front suggests the front object is closer

Question 26

position

Answer 26

a shape lower in the plane looks closer (illusion- things can be smaller in the picture but we know by position that it is bigger but farther away)

Question 27

how does changing the brightness of a color help with the portrayal of space?

Answer 27

the darker the color the farther away it is; can give a sense of depth

Question 28

atmospheric perspective

Answer 28

distant objects lack contrast, detail and sharpness because air that surrounds us is not completely transparent.

Question 29

isometric perspective

Answer 29

usage of parallel lines to convey depth-no vanishing point

Question 30

linear perspective

Answer 30

mathematical system that uses lines to create a feeling of depth- illusion of receding space

Question 31

multi-point perspective

Answer 31

looking at a scene from somewhere other than ground level, we need more than one vanishing point; vanishing point can be out of frame

Question 32

2 point perspective

Answer 32

portrays 2 different sensations of depth and needs more than one vanishing point

Question 33

foreshortening

Answer 33

results when the rules of perspective are applied to represent unusual points of view. especially applies to figures. if looked at scientifically you would know it is not proportional

Question 34

what gives art it's emotional quality?

Answer 34

color

Question 35

which colors can not be mixed from any other colors? name them

Answer 35

primary colors: red, yellow, blue

Question 36

which colors can be mixed from the primary colors? name them

Answer 36

secondary colors: green, purple, orange

Question 37

there are 2 ways of working with mixtures. what are they?

Answer 37

subtractive and additive

Question 38

what is the pure form of a color?

Answer 38

Hue

Question 39

What happens if you darken a hue?

Answer 39

you create a shade of that color

Question 40

What happens if you lighten a hue?

Answer 40

you create a tint of that color

Question 41

what is op-art?

Answer 41

Art that is based on optical illusions; make use of discordant positive-negative relationships

Question 42

a color at it's purest state is at it's ______

Answer 42

highest saturation

Question 43

because classic pieces of art are static and motionless, artist must imply or create the illusion of ______

Answer 43

time

Question 44

what are some clues an artist might use to imply motion?

Answer 44

diagonal lines for hair, clothing, limbs, etc.

Question 45

what is unity?

Answer 45

provides a piece with a cohesiveness and helps communicate it's visual idea. links elements together to create a wholeness

Question 46

what happens if there is too much variety in a piece?

Answer 46

lack of structure and absence of central idea

Question 47

what is implied motion?

Answer 47

indicates by visual cues that motion is happening or has just happened.

Question 48

what happens if there is too much similarity?

Answer 48

monotonous and viewer looses interest

Question 49

distribution of elements whether unified or varied. Element on one side of a piece are offset by what is on the other side.

Answer 49

Balance

Question 50

creation of illusion through visual tricks that deceive our eyes into believing there is motion as time passes.

Answer 50

Illusion of Motion

Question 51

Variety

Answer 51

collection of different ideas and elements fused into a whole. compliment of unity- uniqueness and diversity

Question 52

when we see 2 or more repeated images in quick succession they tend to visually fuse together

Answer 52

Stroboscopic Motion

Question 53

Actual Motion

Answer 53

when something actually changes in space over time

Question 54

Name the 3 types of unity

Answer 54

1) Compositional 2) Conceptual 3) Gestalt

Question 55

Name the 3 types of balance

Answer 55

1) Symmetrical 2) Asymmetrical 3) Radial

Question 56

how does an artist achieve compositional unity?

Answer 56

Arranging fo all elements whether similar or different- Limit the number of elements they work with

Question 57

describe asymmetrical balance

Answer 57

Both sides of the art piece are balanced though not the same.

Question 58

asymmetrical balance is also called

Answer 58

dynamic balance

Question 59

describe conceptual unity

Answer 59

though elements are different in appearance, they are unified in the concept or idea they are representing.

Question 60

describe symmetrical balance

Answer 60

if a work can be cut in half and both sides are exactly or nearly exactly the same.

Question 61

describe radial balance

Answer 61

all elements are equid-distant from a central point and repeat in a symmetrical way form side to side and top to bottom

Question 62

True or false: radial balance can only be achieved in a circular design

Answer 62

false

Question 63

he whole is greater than the sum of its parts; an awakened understanding of the whole- the goal of any artwork

Answer 63

gestalt unity

Question 64

what are the different types of scale an artist can use?

Answer 64

human, monumental, small, hierarchal, or distorted

Question 65

what is scale?

Answer 65

the size of an object or artwork relative to another object or art work, or to a system of measurement.

Question 66

what is emphasis?

Answer 66

principles of art that draw attention to specific locations in a work

Question 67

what is subordination?

Answer 67

opposite of emphasis. draws our attention away from certain areas of work.

Question 68

What is the center of interest or activity in a work of art?

Answer 68

Focal Point

Question 69

What are some elements used to create a Focal Point?

Answer 69

Lines, implied lines, value, color, placement, etc.

Question 70

What controls rhythm and creates multiple focal points?

Answer 70

placement

Question 71

Ancient Egyptians used the _______ as a unit of measurement called the ________.

Answer 71

palm of the hand; cubit

Question 72

what is the "golden section"

Answer 72

a ration of "perfect proportions used much by the greeks in sculpture and architecture. !:1.6

Question 73

Why is scale important?

Answer 73

causes us to have different relationships with the piece of art depending on it's scale

Question 74

how does the small scale of a piece of art effect the viewers experience?

Answer 74

small pieces invite the viewer to come closer to see the details- intimate personal experience

Question 75

how does a large scale object effect the viewers experience

Answer 75

large scale is a less personal experience. usually the purpose of the art is a broad message for a wide audience