Exam 1: Chapter 11 and 12 Flashcards
(71 cards)
Divide the weeks of pregnancy into their corresponding trimesters
first: week 1 through 13
second: week 14 through 26
third: week 27 through 40
Presumptive signs and symptoms of pregnancy
Amenorrhea (4 weeks)
Fatigue (12 weeks)
Breast tenderness (3 to 4 weeks)
N/V (4 to 14 weeks)
Urinary frequency (6 to 12 weeks)
Hyperpigmentation of skin
Fetal movements (quickening) –> could be gas
Uterine enlargement
Breast enlargement
Probable signs and symptoms of pregnancy
Braxton hicks contractions
Abdominal uterine enlargement
positive pregnancy test
Ballotement
Hegar’s signs: softening of the lower uterine segment or isthmus
chadwicks
Goodell’s sign
Pregnancy test: HCG can be detected as early as ___ to ___ days after conception
7 to 10
Positive signs and symptoms of pregnancy
ultrasound verification
fetal movement felt by experience clinician
auscultation of fetal heart with doppler
What is hegar’s sign
softening of the lower uterine segment or isthmus
What is chadwicks sign
bluish purple coloration of the vaginal mucosa and cervix
Purpose of ultrasound during the first trimester
confirm pregnancy, FHR, date
Purpose of ultrasound during the second trimester
congenital malformation, exclude multifetal pregnancies, verify date and growth, gender
Purpose of ultrasound during the third trimester
fetal size, fetal growth, placenttal position
_______ is the best method of dating a pregnancy
ultrasound
Define term
pregnancy from beginning of week 37 of gestation to end of week 42 of gestation
Define pre-term
less than 37 weeks gestation
Define post-term
more than 42 weeks of gestation
Viability
capacity to live outside uterus
about 22 to 24 weeks since LMP or fetal weight greater than 500 grams
G ?
T
P
A
L
Gravida: number of total pregnancies
G
T ?
P
A
L
term birth: term deliveries that are over 37 weeks gestation
T and P= multiple pregnancies (twins, triplets, etc) count as 1. This is the same for A.
G
T
P ?
A
L
pre term births: pre term deliveries over 20 weeks or viability but before 37 weeks
T and P= multiple pregnancies (twins, triplets, etc) count as 1. This is the same for A.
G
T
P
A ?
L
abortions/miscarriage: the number of pregnancies ending before 20 weeks or viability
T and P= multiple pregnancies (twins, triplets, etc) count as 1. This is the same for A.
G
T
P
A
L ?
Living children
How does the uterus change during the course of pregnancy
pear shape to ovoid shape
increase in size, weight, length
(fundal height by 20 weeks’ gestation at level of umbilicus (20cm))
What is Vena Cava Syndrome
The heavy gravid uterus in the last trimester can fall back against the inferiorvenacavain the supine position, resulting invenacavacompression, which reduces venous return and decreases cardiac output and blood pressure, with increasing orthostatic stress.
What do we tell expecting mothers to do to combat vena cava syndrome
Sleep on their sides never supine
What is colostrum
antibody rich yellow fluid that can be expressed after the 12th week; conversion to mature milk after delivery
