Exam 1 drugs

Question 1

Somatropin

Answer 1

jak stat receptor to increase IGF-1
tx GH deficiency, dwarfism
CI = active malignancy

Question 2

Mecasermin

Answer 2

TKR agonist (IGF-1 receptor)
tx growth failure in kids with IGF1 def that is not responsive to Somatropin

Question 3

Octreotide / Lanreotide

Answer 3

somatostatin analogs - inhibits GH

Question 4

Octreotide / Lanreotide

Answer 4

agonists at somatostatin Gi GPCRs
tx ant pit adenomas that secrete GH

Question 5

Somatropin drug type

Answer 5

growth hormone analog

Question 6

Mecasermin drug type

Answer 6

IGF-1 agonist

Question 7

GH antagonist

Answer 7

Pegvisomant

Question 8

Pegvisomant

Answer 8

GH jak stat receptor antagonist
inhibits IGF1 production by liver

Question 9

dopamine agonists

Answer 9

Bromocriptine / Cabergoline

Question 10

Bromocriptine / Cabergoline

Answer 10

act on GPCR to normalize PRL levels & stop breast milk production
AEs: CNS & psych (confusion, delusions, hallucination)

Question 11

vasopressin receptor agonists

Answer 11

Vasopressin & Desmopressin

Question 12

Vasopressin

Answer 12

agonist at V1 & V2 GPCRs
- V1 = vasoconstrict via Gq
- V2 = inc H2O reabsorp via Gs

Question 13

Desmopressin (DDVAP)

Answer 13

selective for V2, minimizing vasoconstriction effects via GPCR

Question 14

vasopressin receptor antagonists

Answer 14

Conivaptan, Tolvaptan

Question 15

Conivaptan / Tolvaptan

Answer 15

V2 antags = promote excretion of free H2O
Tolvaptan = higher potency, risk of hepatotox

Question 16

Levothyroxine (T4)

Answer 16

converted to T3 & binds nuclear receptors to modulate transcription & protein synthesis
- absorption delayed by food & antacid consumption, bran, fiber, cholestyramine

Question 17

Liothyronine (T3)

Answer 17

binds nuclear receptors
same as T4

Question 18

Liotrix

Answer 18

synthetic T4:T3 with ration 4:1

Question 19

Desiccated thyroid

Answer 19

from animal thyroids, contains foreign protein source

Question 20

what 3 things/drugs inhibit TPO enzyme to prevent iodination of tyrosine residues?

Answer 20

Methimazole, PTU, high iodide levels

Question 21

what 3 drugs block conversion of T4 into T3?

Answer 21

Propranolol, Amiodarone, Corticosteroids

Question 22

who is more potent, T3 or T4?

Answer 22

T3

Question 23

Methimazole / PTU

Answer 23

inhibit thyroid peroxidase catalyzed rxns
inhibit iodination = dec I-Tg
inhibit coupling = dec T3 & T4
don’t use methimazole in pregnancy

Question 24

KI-

Answer 24

antithyroid when administered in excess
inhibit hormone release

Question 25

Radioactive iodine (131I) sodium

Answer 25

preferred in toxic multinodular goiter CI in pregnancy & breast feeding

Question 26

beta blockers

Answer 26

rapidly mitigates tachyarrhythmias from excessive T3 in thyroid storm or OD (inhibit cardiac beta 1)

Question 27

what does Hydrocortisone treat?

Answer 27

Addison disease & acute adrenal insufficiency

Question 28

prednisone

Answer 28

strong anti inflammatory converted to prednisolone in liver

Question 29

Prednisolone

Answer 29

active metabolite of Prednisone effective for ophthalmic use

Question 30

betamethasone

Answer 30

long acting, very potent, crosses placental barrier easier - used to stimulate fetal lung maturation in prevention of infant resp distress syndrome

Question 31

Dexamethasone

Answer 31

used in suppression test to distinguish source of Cushing syndrome

Question 32

Fludrocortisone

Answer 32

synthetic mineralocorticoid causes salt & water retention Combined with hydrocortisone to to Addison’s SE: edema

Question 33

Ketoconazole

Answer 33

anti mycotic, anti fungal

Question 34

Metyrapone

Answer 34

diagnostic in adrenal function tests causes acne & hirsutism in females action: causes inc in ACTH in pt with normal pit

Question 35

Mifepristone

Answer 35

glucocorticoid receptor antag tx Cushing's d/t ectopic ACTH production & adrenal CA emergency contraceptive

Question 36

Spironolactone

Answer 36

androgen antag & aldosterone antag tx: primary aldosteronism, hirsutism SE: hyperK+, gynecomastia