Exam 1 Immunizations

Question 1

How many diseases are currently targeted by childhood immunizations?

Answer 1

17 vaccine-preventable diseases

Question 2

Diptheria vaccine type

Answer 2

toxoid

Question 3

Diptheria vaccine <7 yo

> 7 yo

Answer 3

<7 yo: DTap or DT

> 7 yo Tdap or Td (lower diptheria dose)

Question 4

Tetanus vaccine type

Answer 4

toxoid

Question 5

What is included in DTaP Vaccine?

Answer 5

Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids, and selected Bordetella pertussis components

Question 6

What age is DTaP Vaccine given?

Answer 6

start at 2 mo

only used < 7 yo

Question 7

DTaP Vaccine adverse rxns

Answer 7

Local reactions, fever

Question 8

What age is Tdap Vaccine given

Answer 8

> or = 7 yo (usually 11-12yrs)

(then every 10 yrs bc immunity wanes ~10%/yr)

also give maternal (for each pregnancy ~30 wks) vaccination to ↓ risk for infant pertussis exposure

Question 9

Tdap Vaccine adverse rxns

Answer 9

Local reactions

Question 10

Tdap Vaccine CI

Answer 10

Anaphylaxis after receiving any Tdap component

Question 11

Pertussis Vaccine Relative CI

Answer 11

Prior vaccine adverse event

Anaphylactic reaction

Encephalopathy within 7 days

Deferral due to neuro d/o

Question 12

Polio Vaccine (IPV) type

Answer 12

inactivated

Question 13

Polio Vaccine adverse rxns

Answer 13

Minor local reactions, rare

No vaccine-associated paralytic polio

Question 14

Polio Vaccine adverse age

Answer 14

start at 2 mo then final dose > 4 yrs (at least 6 mo from previous)

Question 15

Haemophilus influenza type B (HiB) adverse rxns

Answer 15

Minor local reactions

Rare fever

Question 16

Haemophilus influenza type B (HiB) age

Answer 16

start at 2 mo

need 3-4 doses depending on vaccine type used

Question 17

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV13, Prevnar13) age

Answer 17

start at 2 mo

If ↑ risk → given at 6-18 years of age, single dose

Question 18

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV13 Prevnar13) adverse rxns

Answer 18

Local reactions, fever

Question 19

What children are at ↑ risk of invasive pneumococcal disease?

Answer 19

Anatomic or functional asplenia (sickle cell disease)

HIV or other immune compromise

Cochlear implant or CSF leak

Chronic renal failure, nephrotic syndrome

Question 20

Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (Pneumovax PPSV23) adverse events

Answer 20

Local reactions, low grade fever

Question 21

Pneumovax PPSV23 indications

Answer 21

> 2

high risk children (revac again in 5 yrs)

must be > 8 wks from last PCV13 dose

Question 22

MenACWY-D (Menactra)
or
MenACWY-CRM (Menveo)

Answer 22

Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine

Question 23

Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine adverse events

Answer 23

Local reactions

Question 24

Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine age

Answer 24

1st dose at 11-12 yo

Question 25

Meningococcal B Vaccine min age at admin

Answer 25

10 yrs, 2-3 doses high risk pop and during outbreak

Question 26

Hepatitis B Vaccine content

Answer 26

HBsAg

Question 27

Hepatitis B Vaccine adverse events

Answer 27

Local tenderness, low-grade fever

Question 28

Hepatitis B Vaccine age of admin

Answer 28

1st dose at birth | 3rd dose by 18 mo

Question 29

Hepatitis B Vaccine age of admin for preterm infants <2 kg bw

Answer 29

1st dose at 1 month of age or hospital discharge—which ever is first

Question 30

Hepatitis A age

Answer 30

routine 1st dose 1 yr 2 doses total at least 6 mo apart

Question 31

Exceptions to Hep A vaccine outside 1 yr routine

Answer 31

Travelers to endemic areas Close contact with international adoptees • Hepatitis A outbreak Chronic liver disease

Question 32

9vHPV (Gardasil) adverse effects

Answer 32

Local reactions

Question 33

HPV Vaccine age

Answer 33

Routine 11-12 years of age As early as 9 years

Question 34

HPV catch up

Answer 34

Female up to 26 years, male up to 21 years

Question 35

HPV dosing

Answer 35

9-14 years: 2 doses, 6 months apart • Minimum interval 5 months ≥ 15 years and immune comp: 3 dose series

Question 36

Measles vaccine type

Answer 36

live

Question 37

Measles vaccine adverse effects

Answer 37

7-12 days after immunization | fever, rash

Question 38

Measles CI

Answer 38

Pregnancy Immunocompromised (except for HIV if CD4 >15%) Recent immunoglobulin Egg allergy is NOT a contraindication ST (ppd) may be performed on day of vaccination or 1 month later

Question 39

Measles vaccine age outbreak considerations?

Answer 39

2 doses after 1st birthday outbreak can give dose as young as 6 months of age (but doesn't count toward 1st dose)

Question 40

Mumps vaccine type

Answer 40

Live Virus

Question 41

Mumps vaccine adverse effects

Answer 41

Rare

Question 42

Mumps vaccine CI

Answer 42

Pregnancy, immunocompromised, recent immunoglobulin

Question 43

Rubella Vaccine type

Answer 43

Live virus

Question 44

Rubella Vaccine adverse effects

Answer 44

Mild rash, fever, adenopathy, transient arthralgias

Question 45

Rubella Vaccine CI

Answer 45

Pregnancy, immunocompromised, recent | immune globulin

Question 46

Varicella Vaccine type

Answer 46

Live attenuated virus

Question 47

Varicella Vaccine AE

Answer 47

local erythema, soreness | Papulovesicular rash around inj site

Question 48

Varicella Vaccine age recommendations

Answer 48

Routine immunization at 12-15 months and 4-6 years 2 doses separated by at least 3 months

Question 49

Varicella Vaccine catch up schedule

Answer 49

2 doses separated by at least 4 weeks

Question 50

Varicella Vaccine CI

Answer 50

``` Immunocompromised host (except HIV if CD4 >15%) Pregnancy Presence of passive antibody Avoidance of aspirin 6 weeks post-vaccination due to risk of rye syndrome ```

Question 51

Rotavirus Vaccines type

Answer 51

Two live vaccines | oral

Question 52

Rotavirus Vaccines AE

Answer 52

Possible small increased risk of intussusception

Question 53

Rotavirus Vaccines CI

Answer 53

SCID | Intussusception history

Question 54

Rotavirus age

Answer 54

Routine administration for all infants 1st dose 6 wks (2-3 doses total depending on type) Max age for last dose is 8 mo

Question 55

What vaccination coverage is at or above target levels for healthy ppl 2020?

Answer 55

MMR, Hepatitis B, IPV, and Varicella

Question 56

Natural Immunity vs Vaccine Acquired | Immunity

Answer 56

Natural immunity lasts longer but risks are higher