Exam 1 Lec 5 Shigella

Question 0

Shigella suspected if

Answer 0

acute onset with fever and bloody D.

self limiting: fluids, ABs may shorten but MDR

Question 1

Shigella

Answer 1

G - , non motile, F anaerobe, no spore
-cant ferment LACTOSE
-acute onset with fever and bloody diarrhea
- very infectiou, P-P, feces to oral
- ONLY human reserv
- LOW DOSE path
Sx: mod D to dysentery, LOW VOLUME D, great STRAINING,
initial: fever, cramps, vomit, H2O D - to dysentery with Blood
-REITERS: reactive arthritis (like C. Jejunum) (eye, lesions)
- Hemolytic Uremic Synd (HUS (like EColi H7 EHEC): SHIGA TOXIN:
acute RENAL fail

Question 2

Salmonella

Answer 2

same as shigella but non motile
-cant ferment Lactose
- via food and H2O: eggs, beef, cattle, pigs (also dogs, cats, reptiles)
-high dose path
- Acute onset with fever, vomit, cramps, 2-3 days, self limiting, fluids
- Dx: fecal LEUKOCYTES
culture: sample food and H2O, blood if fever
can’t ferment lactose
FLUORESCENT AB test

Question 3

salmonella sx

Answer 3

acute onset of fever, vomit, cramps, D (no blood but blood in Shigella), 2-3 days

• High dose path
• via food and H2O

Question 4

C Diff is G+ or G-?

Answer 4

G+

Question 5

Is Clostridium Perfringe and Bacillus Cereus G- or G+

Answer 5

G +

Question 6

What 3 bacteria can form spores

Answer 6

C Diff, Clostridium Perfringe, Bacillus Cereus

Question 7

C Diff

Answer 7

G+, SPORES, anO2,
-PseudoMembranous Colitis (PMC)
a) D with lower abd pain: not systemic
b) sever colitis (infl of lining of colon): SYSTEMIC (fever), profuse D, pain, 20% D without colitis
c) CLASSIC PMC: same sx as severe: systemic, profuse D, pain + elevated YELLOW plaques on inflamed mucosa of colon
(HOSPITALS screen all AB associated D for tosin)
Tx: fluids, DC orig AB - give new, relapse
fecal transplant
Via: asx pts, hospitals, etc
Is this intoxication????

Question 8

Clostridium Perfringe

Answer 8

G+, non motile, AEROTOLERANT anO2, (maybe CO2?), SPORES

• doesn’t destry tissues
• fast ill then ok, recover in 1 day
• High dose path
• via meat and ckn
• cooking can’t destroy spores
• self-limiting, fluids
• Dx: MUST ISOLATE LARGE # OF BACTERIA IN FOOD AND FECES

Question 9

Which pathogen causes sx only for 1 day?

Answer 9

Clostridium Perfringe

Question 10

Bacillus Cereus

Answer 10

G+, motile, O2, SPORES

• on grains (RICE), veggies
• NO P to P, afebrile
  1) EMETIC: sudden onset of Upper GI sx within 1-5 hrs: vomit, D, cramps
• PREFORMED toxin is released when consumed
  2) DIARRHEAL: 5-17 hrs, abd pain, PROFUSE H2O D.
• larger # of vegetative cells PRODUCE toxin INSIDE the boday

Suspect if:
sudden onset of upper GI within 1-5 hr or
lower GI within 5-17 hrs

Supportive

Question 11

What do you suspect when sudden onset upper GI sx within 1-5 hrs of eating?

Answer 11

Bacillus Cereus

Question 12

What do you suspect with sudden onset lower GI (profuse D) within 5-17 hrs of eating?

Answer 12

Bacillus Cereus

Question 13

Staphylococcus

Answer 13

• INTOXICATION
• PREFORMED , heat stable toxins (dont enter body)
• humans are the source
• hand lesions in 50%
• Acute emetic (vomit) and D, nausea, cramps, SALIVATION, afebrile
• recover in 1-4 days
• suspect if shortly after eating
• custard bakes, canned food, processed meats, potato salad.

Question 14

which bugs has water solubility and heat stability as virulence factors?

Answer 14

Staphylococcus

Question 15

Which produces increased salivation?

Answer 15

Staphylococcus