exam 1 material

Question 1

communication

Answer 1

behavior, tool/skill

Question 2

nonverbal

Answer 2

body language, facial expression, hygiene

Question 3

cues:
vocal
action
object
personal
touch

Answer 3

pitch and tone
posture, facial gestures
appearance
care of belongings
personal space and action

Question 4

successful communication

Answer 4

reaches mutual understanding
goal is for therapeutic communication

Question 5

internal factors that influence communication

Answer 5

linking others, empathy, ability to listen, self-awareness

Question 6

external factors that influence communication

Answer 6

appearance, privacy, attentiveness, physical environment (i.e, distance, equal status seating, telehealth, temperature, lightning, quiteness)

Question 7

open ended questions

Answer 7

ask for narrative response
use: in the beginning of interview, introduction of new section of questions, when pt introduces a new topic

Question 8

close ended questions

Answer 8

ask for specific information
use: after opening narrative for more details, need specific facts about health problems/during review of systems, to move interview along

Question 9

Therapeutic Communication

Answer 9

skilled approach of interacting with others
S: squarely face speaker (consider culture)
O: open posture
L: lean toward speaker
E: eye contact maintained (consider culture)
R: relax while listening

Question 10

Active listening

Answer 10

silent attentiveness to what pt is expressing; allow time w/o interruption (comfortable with silence)

Question 11

Facilitation

Answer 11

provide general leads for pt to say more

Question 12

Reflection

Answer 12

focus further attention on a specific phrase and help person to continue to talk in their way

Question 13

Sharing Observations

Answer 13

observe by making comments to eliminate the need for extensive questioning, focusing or clarification

Question 14

Empathy

Answer 14

recognize feeling and put it into words; allowing expression

Question 15

Sharing hope

Answer 15

essential for healing, provide positive feedback and encouragement

Question 16

Sharing humor

Answer 16

used appropriately to help with positive interactions

Question 17

Clarification

Answer 17

simplify words to make it clear and ask for agreement

Question 18

Focusing

Answer 18

key element and concept of message (guide convo on important aspects)

Question 19

Explanation

Answer 19

education-offer reasons for factual and objective information

Question 20

Summary

Answer 20

condense fact and present view of health problem
type of validation done at the end of the interview

Question 21

McGurk effect

Answer 21

tricks you brain into hearing different sounds based on how someone’s lips are moving
-sesnses are conflicting

Question 22

special needs communication

Answer 22

hearing impaired, acutely ill patient (short close ended questions), under the influence (CNS has depressive effect), sexually aggressive pts, crying pt, angry or anxious, potentially violent pt)

Question 23

SBAR

Answer 23

technique for communicating pertinent information related to a patient’s condition during handoff communication of nurse to healthcare professional
S: situation
B: background
A: assessment
R: recommendation

Question 24

Vital signs

Answer 24

help lower/rule out the predictability of many nursing diagnostics pointing us to priority systems needed to be evaluated
-temp,pr,bp,rr,pain

Question 25

Temperature (normal) vital sings

Answer 25

difference between heat produced by body and heat lost to environment core (internal- rectal or tympanic) surface (oral and axillary) normal: 37C (98.6F) 35.8-37.3 C or 96.4-99.1 F Rectal tends to be 0.4-0.4C or 0.7-1F higher

Question 26

Temperature (fever) vital sings

Answer 26

febrile: fever or pyrexia 37.8 C or 100 F hypothermia: <95F or 35C factors: older adults tend to have lower temperature; increases simulation through exercise; diurnal cycle where the temp is lower in AM but peaks in late PM-early PM

Question 27

Temperature (types and routes) vital signs

Answer 27

types: electronic (digital); chemical strip routes: wait 15m if oral taken hot/cold wait 2m if smoked others: axillary, tympanic, temporal, rectal (1-1.5 adult/1 child/1.5 infant inches)

Question 28

pulse vital sings

Answer 28

pressure caused by each heartbeat, palpable at body sites where the artery lies close to skin and over a bone 55-60 to 100 bpm adults (avg 70-80) 140-160 newborns

Question 29

pulse (routes) vital signs

Answer 29

radial, brachial, ulnar, femoral, politeal, posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis use pads of last 3 fingers at flexor aspect of wrist -start count with zero

Question 30

pulse (normal rates and force) vital signs

Answer 30

bradycardia: <50 bpm tachycardia: >95 bpm Force: rating scale 0-4+ or 0-3+ (2+ is normal) 0: no pulse 1+ : faint, elderly, weak, ill (decreased stroke volume), weak thready pulse 2+ : normal 3+ : full and brisk, full bonding (increased stroke volume) 4+ : bounding pulse (can see pulse- from increased stroke volume) use doppler if can't palpate pulse