exam 1 pharmacology- NSAIDs

Question 1

PGE2 causes what

Answer 1

redness, swelling, pain via peripheral sensory neurons, spinal cord and brain, and fever

Question 2

PGI1 causes what

Answer 2

edema and pain from acute inflammation, vasodilation, anti-platelet, synovial fluid in arthritic knee joints

Question 3

what is cox 1 responsible for

Answer 3

protect gastric mucosa
support renal function
promote platelet aggregation

Question 4

what is cox 2 responsible for

Answer 4

inflammation
pain sensitivity
fever
support renal function
increased risk of colon cancer

Question 5

first generation cox inhibitors

Answer 5

inhibit 1 and 2
- aspirin
- ibuprofen
- naproxen
- indomethacin
- meloxicam

Question 6

2nd generation cox inhibitors

Answer 6

inhibit cox 2 only
- celecoxib

Question 7

what does aspirin help with? what does aspirin cause?

Answer 7

decreases: pain, fever, inflammation, MI/stroke
symptoms: ulcers, renal effects, bleeding

Question 8

what do other 1st gen help with? effects?

Answer 8

decreases: inflammation, pain, fever
causes: ulcers, renal effects, bleeding, MI/stroke

Question 9

what do 2nd gen help with? effects?

Answer 9

decreases: inflammation and pain
causes: ulcers, renal effects, MI/stroke

Question 10

what does acetaminophen help with? effects?

Answer 10

decreases: pain and fever
causes: liver damage

Question 11

unique about aspirin

Answer 11

irreversible inhibition of cox- preferentially inhibits cox 1

Question 12

aspirin cardio protection mechanism

Answer 12

reduces production of thromboxane A2

Question 13

patient with ulcers would likely use which?

Answer 13

a preferentially cox 2 selective inhibitor + a PPI

Question 14

patient with cardiovascular risk would likely use which?

Answer 14

a cox 1 inhibitor (inhibit platelet aggregation)
- naproxen is safest

Question 15

what is unique about acetaminophen?

Answer 15

deactivated peripherally, so devoid of GI, CV and bleeding adverse effects while maintaining anti fever effects
- also doesn’t treat inflammation

Question 16

how do prostaglandins protect gastric mucosa?

Answer 16

inhibits gastric acid secretion in the stomach

Question 17

what is the danger of using acetaminophen

Answer 17

liver failure

Question 18

patient with history of MI should avoid what NSAIDS?

Answer 18

2nd gen, selective cox 2 inhibitors

Question 19

glucocorticoid examples

Answer 19

prednisone and prednisolone

Question 20

glucocorticoid use in RA

Answer 20

slow disease progression and rapid relief, but toxic if used chronically

Question 21

TNF alpha antagonist DMARDs

Answer 21

etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab

Question 22

nonbiological DMARD and how it works

Answer 22

methotrexate: inhibits dihydrofolate reductase

Question 23

biologic DMARD that is anti-CD20 on B cells

Answer 23

rituximab

Question 24

biological DMARD that binds APCs and prevents T cell activation

Answer 24

abatacept

Question 25

biologic DMARD that binds IL-6 receptors

Answer 25

tocilizumab

Question 26

biologic DMARD that blocks IL-6 receptors

Answer 26

anakinra

Question 27

which NSAID promotes closure of ductus arteriousus

Answer 27

indomethican

Question 28

what drug promotes premature closure of ductus arterioles

Answer 28

celecoxib

Question 29

which drug has a sulfur moiety, so cannot be used if a sulfa allergy

Answer 29

celecoxib

Question 30

naproxen selectivity

Answer 30

cox 1 selective

Question 31

aspirin selectivity

Answer 31

slightly cox 1 selective