Exam # 1 Post-Operative Care Flashcards
(39 cards)
What are the 8 Post-op complications commonly experienced by patient?
1) Ineffective Breathing Pattern
2) Fluid Volume Deficit
3) Urinary Retention
4) Constipation
5) Nausea
6) Acute Pain
7) Risk for Infection
8) Risk for Peripheral Neurovascular Dysfunction
Define “Ineffective Breathing Pattern”
State in which inspiration and/or expiration does not provide adequate ventilation.
Name 7 etiologies discussed in class that “Ineffective Breathing Pattern” may be related to.
1) Pharmacological agents
2) Obesity
3) Pain
4) Anxiety/fear
5) ⬇ Energy/fatigue
6) ⬆ O2 demands due to stress response
7) Underlying pathologies (i.e., asthma…)
What are the 8 AEBs/defining characteristics related to Ineffective Breathing Pattern that were discussed in class?
1) Dyspnea
2) Respiratory rate (24 at rest)
3) Respiratory depth (shallow breathing r deep inspiration)
4) Respiratory timing (inspiration longer than expiration)
5) Respiratory rhythm
6) Use of accessory muscles
7) Atelactic crackles
8) Sudden ⬆ in temperature
What are the 5 CNS clinical manifestations of Inadequate oxygen?
1) Restlessness
2) Agitation
3) Muscle twitching
4) Seizures
5) Coma
What are the 5 Cardiovascular clinical manifestations of Inadequate oxygen?
1) Hypertension
2) Hypotension
3) Tachycardia
4) Bradycardia
5) Dysrhythmias
What are the 3 Integumentary clinical manifestations of Inadequate oxygen?
1) Cyanosis
2) Prolonged cap refill
3) Flushed and moist skin
What are the 4 Respiratory clinical manifestations of Inadequate oxygen?
1) ⬆ or absent respiratory effort
2) use of accessory muscles
3) abnormal breath sounds
4) abnormal ABGs
What is the renal clinical manifestation of Inadequate oxygen?
Urine output < 0.5 mL/Kg/hr
What is the normal timing of breathing?
Normal inspiration = 1-2 secs
Normal expiration = 2-4 secs
What are 7 interventions used to manage Ineffective Breathing Pattern Post-op
1) Mobility
2) C & DB
3) I/S
4) Meds & pain control
5) O2
6) PT & RT
7) Patient teaching
What 2 methods of “mobility” used as and intervention for Ineffective Breathing Pattern for Post-op patients were discussed in class?
1) Turn and position patient q2h
2) Early ambulation
What are the 3 SxS of post-op Atelectasis?
1) Sudden fever (post-op day 1-2)
2) Tachypnea
3) Crackles or absence of sounds in lung bases
Define Pneumonia
Inflammatory condition with collection and pooling of secretions in airless collapsed alveoli
What are the 7 benefits of early ambulation post-op?
1) ⬆ Ventilation
2) ⬆ Morale
3) ⬆ Appetite
4) ⬆ Alertness
5) ⬆ Peristalsis
6) ⬆ Voiding
7) ⬆ Venous return
How would you teach a patient to use C&DB and I/S post-op as an intervention for Ineffective Breathing Pattern?
1) C&DB - With the HOB up, use the pillow as a splint, holding it firmly against the stomach (over the incision) and C&DB.
2) I/S - Inhale and hold for 3 secs. Repeat 10x/hr until ambulatory.
(T/F) Cough is stimulated by deep breathing.
TRUE
What are the 6 ways to assess for pneumonia that were discussed in class?
1) Productive cough with colorful sputum
2) Pleuritic chest pain
3) Bronchial breath sounds d/t consolidation
4) Egophony (E sounds like A when auscultating)
5) Chest X-ray - alveolar infiltrates and consolidatin
6) ⬆ WBCs/sputum culture
Define Egophony
A change in the voice sound of a patient with pleural effusion or pneumonia as heard on auscultation. When the patient is asked to make (eeee) sounds, they are heard over the peripheral chest wall as (aaaa), particularly over an area of consolidated or compressed lung above the effusion.
What is the significance of the following temperatures post-op at these specific times:
1) Up to 12 hours (hypothermia of 96.8F/36C)
2) First 24-48 hours (elevation to 100.4F/38C)
3) First 24-48 hours (elevation above 100.4F/38C)
4) 3rd day and later (elevation above 100F/37.7C)
1) Up to 12 hours (hypothermia of 96.8F/36C) - Effects of anesthesia or body heat losses during surgery.
2) First 24-48 hours (elevation to 100.4F/38C) - Inflammatory response to surgical stress.
3) First 24-48 hours (elevation above 100.4F/38C) - Lung congestion or atelectasis.
4) 3rd day and later (elevation above 100F/37.7C) - Infection
Wound infection is often accompanied by fever spiking in the afternoon and being near normal in the morning. On what post-op day would you expect to see an elevated temperature related to a wound infection?
Post-op day 3
What is the significance if an intermittent high temperature with shaking chills and diaphoresis?
Indicates septicemia
Define Acute Pain
The sudden or slow onset of pain of any intensity with an anticipated or predictable end.
(T/F) Acute pain can affect ALL body systems
True
