Exam 1 Practice Flashcards
(26 cards)
According to Darwin,existing life forms resulted from the modification of pre existing life forms through the interaction of two factors. What are those two interacting factors?
Variation of Traits and natural selection
Most frog species have a distinct tadpole life stage. However microhylids of Australia and New Guinea do not have a free swimming tadpole stage the tadpole forms inside the egg completes metamorphosis and hatches from the egg this will be an example of
Developmental homology
A Change in one or more characteristics of a population that is heritable and occurs from one generation to the next is called
Evolution
Which of the following scientist influence Darwins views on the nature of population growth
Malthus
Vestigial structures are anatomical structures
That we’re functional and the nasty sister but no longer have a useful function
Two or more homologous genes found within a particular species are called
Paralogs
Fitness is a measure of the ____________ Of a particular genotype in a population
Reproductive success
The random change in allele frequencies is called
Genetic drift
Genetic drift can lead to the fixation of an _______ and occurs rapidly in ________ populations.
Allele, small
When populations are reduced following a major disaster the resulting random change in allele frequencies is called the
Bottleneck effect
If the population returns to its pre-disturbance size, genetic variation is generally _____ than in the original population.
Lower
When a few individuals colonize a new location, the subsequent random change in allele frequencies is called _______________
The founder effect
A wildfire dramatically reduces a population of oak trees. Several months later, high when’s blow several acorns from the surviving oak trees to a meadow several hundred miles away. The acorn is germinate and establish a new population of oaks in the meadow. The surviving oaks in the original population will likely experience a ____________ effect, while the oaks in the new population will likely experience a _____________ effect.
Bottleneck, founder
The figure above depicts two deer populations that occasionally interbreed. What evolutionary mechanism is shown and what statement best describes its consequences?
Gene flow - Due to interbreeding between the two populations, the genetic diversity in both will increase over time.
In a population of fish, body coloration varies from a light shade, almost white, to a very dark shade of green. If changes in the environment resulted in decreased predation of individuals with the lightest coloration, this would be an example of ___________ selection.
Directional
Considering the same population of fish described in question 6, if the stream environment included several areas of sandy, light colored bottom areas and a lot of dark colored vegetation, both the light and dark colored fish would have selective advantage and increased survival in certain places. The type of scenario could explain the occurrence of
Diversifying selection
Biological species concept
Species contain members that can interbreed with one another to produce viable, fertile offspring.
Evolutionary linage concept
Species are a direct result of speciation from an ancestral species.
General lineage concept
Each species is a population of an independently evolving lineage.
Biological species concept
Emphasizes reproductive isolation
Ecological species concept
Emphasizes habitat resources and the effect of a species on its environment/ other species.
Prezygotic
•Habitat isolation
•Temporal isolation
•behavioral isolation
•Mechanical isolation
•Gametic isolation
Postzygotic
•Hybrid inviability
•Hybrid sterility
•Hybrid breakdown
Sympatric
Has to do with Plants
