Exam 1 Questions

Question 1

What is the 3D structure of a protein determined by?

Answer 1

it’s primary structure

Question 2

what is the function of a protein dependent on?

Answer 2

the 3D structure of a protein

Question 3

in what form do isolated protein exist in?

Answer 3

1 or small number of stable bonds

Question 4

which type of bond is the most important in stabilizing bonds for protein structure?

Answer 4

non-covalent bonds

Question 5

what do ribosomes do?

Answer 5

synthesize proteins

Question 6

peroxisome?

Answer 6

oxidizes fatty acids

Question 7

cytoskeleton?

Answer 7

supports cell, aids In movement of organelles

Question 8

Lysosome?

Answer 8

degrades intracellular debris

Question 9

transport vesicle?

Answer 9

shuttle lipids and proteins between ER, Golgi, and plasma membrane

Question 10

Golgi complex?

Answer 10

processes, packages, and targets proteins to other organelles or for export

Question 11

Smooth endoplasmic reticiulum

Answer 11

site of lipid synthesis and drug metabolism

Question 12

Nucleus

Answer 12

contains genes (chromatin)

Question 13

Nucleolus

Answer 13

site of ribosomal RNA synthesis

Question 14

Rough ER

Answer 14

site of much protein synthesis

Question 15

Mitochondrion

Answer 15

oxidizes fuels to produce ATP

Question 16

plasma membrane

Answer 16

separates cell from environment, regulated movement of materials into and out of cell

Question 17

nuclear envelope

Answer 17

segregates chromatin (DNA + protein) from cytoplasm

Question 18

starch granule

Answer 18

in chloroplasts and temporarily stores carbohydrate products of photosynthesis

Question 19

thylakoids

Answer 19

site of light-driven ATP synthesis

Question 20

Vacuole

Answer 20

degrades and recycles macromolecules, stores metabolites

Question 21

plasmodesma

Answer 21

provides path between 2 plant cells

Question 22

flagella

Answer 22

propel cell through its surroundings

Question 23

pilli

Answer 23

provide points of adhesion to surface of other cells

Question 24

is fibrinogen soluble?

Answer 24

yes and it circulates in the blood

Question 25

what is the activated fibrinogen called? is it soluble?

Answer 25

fibrin, it's not soluble and it helps with forming scabs

Question 26

amino acids are weak or strong acids/base?

Answer 26

weak, they're called ampholytes (when in water, can be an acid or base)

Question 27

hydropathy index

Answer 27

how much something is afraid of water, a larger number is more fear, valine has a high number

Question 28

why does proline act as a structural breaker?

Answer 28

there's no H on the N after incorporation into a peptide, destabilizing it overall

Question 29

circular dichroism

Answer 29

how proteins rotate light

Question 30

which amino acids can get phosphorylated?

Answer 30

serine, tyrosine, threonine