Exam 1 Review Flashcards by Kyle Ronn

The period of massive economic growth in the United States in the late 19th century is known as the ________________ Revolution.

2nd industrial revolution

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

at the start of the civil war economically the US lagged behind the European nations of

Britain France Germany

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

some of the reasons for the massive rate of industrialization included

natural resources, labor supply, large markets

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the number of patents issued in the 1890s exceeded

36 thousand

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Samuel morse invented the ____ allowing for communication across long distance

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the first message sent by morse was between the cities of __ and ___

Washington and Baltimore

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the man responsible for the invention of the telephone

Alexander grahm bell

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

bell wanted to use this as the greeting when answering the phone

ahoy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Edisons first job was working the news wire at __

Menlo park

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

thomas Edisons electric company was later renamed

Edison illuminating company

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Henry bessemer invention made __ much cheaper to produce

steel

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

passed by congress in 1862 the ____ called for the building of a transcontinental railroad

pacific railroad act

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Andrew Carnegie was master of the

steel industry

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Carnegie proposed rich men had a responsibility to spend their money to benefit the greater good of the people

Gospel of wealth

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

when one company buys everything they need to produce, market and deliver the product it is known as ____

monopoly

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

allowed companies to side step laws and manage another persons money or company without owning outright

trustee

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

in an effort to prevent cooperations form obtaining market monopolies congress passed the

sherman antitrust act

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the first trust was established by

Samuel todd

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Rockefeller saw the commercial potential of linking Cleveland Ohio to the oil fields of

Pennsylvania

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the 2 transcontinental railroads met at

promontory Utah

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

coined the gilded age

mark twain

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the number of women employed outside the home rose from 15% in 1870 to __ in 1900

20%

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the average work week in the late 19th century was ___ a week

60 hours

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

by 1900 the top 10% owned more than ___ of the nations wealth

3/4

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the most prominent leader of the knights labor was

terence Powderly

the knights of labors decline began because of its perceived involvement in the

hay market riot

the American federation of labor differed from the knights of labor because it only permitted

skilled labor

the leader of the AFL was

Samuel Gompers

the homestead steel strike occurred when homestead steel plant owner ___ cut wages by 20%

Henry Frick

the pullman strike concluded with the arrest of ___ who would run as a socialist for president in future elections

Eugene debs

pres grover Cleveland was able to break up the pullman strike through a federal injunction on the grounds the strike obstructed the

ARU (American Railroad Union)

by 1900 __ of farmers in the south did not own the land on which they toiled

70%

the average annual income of white Southerners was ___ that of Americans outside the region

50%

the crop lien system was a system where

merchants provided goods on credit for a share of crops

a series of constitutional amendments designed to restrict black voting rights in the 1890s

Mississippi plan

the grandfather clause of 1898 originated in the state of

Louisiana

by 1900 black voting in the south fell by

62%

tax that had to be paid before a person could vote which impacted the poorest in society

poll tax

Please vs Ferguson established the legal precedent of

separate but equal

summing vs Richmond Co board of education sanctioned the segregation of the races in

Schools

booker t Washington was a former slave from the state of

Virginia

booker t Washington was president of the ___ of Alabama which became the model for industrial and agricultural schools

Tuskegee institute

booker t Washington argued African Americans should focus on ___ and not activism

hard work

argued that black response to racial prejudice was to fight for civil rights

web du bois

wrote "the souls of black folks" in 1903 which openly attacked Washington's policy of accommodation

web du bois

manifest destiny was a catchword for a providentially or historically sanctioned right to

continental expansion

coined the term manifest destiny

John osullivan

the painting ___ by John cast romanticized the west

american progress

works on race in the mid 1800s included ___ which used head measurement to distinguish race

phenology

polygenism was a belief in 4 distinct

races

in 1897 congress created the ___ to establish small reservations for natives and offer ways to help civilize them

peace commission

US army officer __ and his troops were massacred at the battle of little big horn in 1876

George Custer

the nez perce Indians were led by

chief joseph

by 1890 many Sioux turned to ___as a means to escape their suffering

ghost dances

in 1890 the battle of __ resulted in the massacre of over 200 Indian men women and children by the us army

wounded knee

the Carlisle Indian school for natives was founded by _ in 1879

richard pratt

1887 attempt to to americanize natives by offering them 160 acres and citizenship if remain on the land for 25 years

Dawes severalty act

the 1890 census announced the end of the

frontier

over crowded and narrow low rise apartments were known as

tenements

by 1900 ___ of all Americans lived in cities with a population of over 8000

1/2

Jacob Riiis wrote this novel to highlight the terrible conditions of those living in tenement housing

how the other half lives

by 1900s __of residents in major cities were foreign born

15%

Northern and Western Europe immigrants were known as what?

old immigrants

Southern and Eastern European immigrants were known as what?

new immigrants

1867 required that construction had regulations and toilet requirements

tenement housing act

officially opened in 1892 as the official point of entry for immigrants from Europe

ellis island

social philosopher took Charles Darwin's ideas on biological evolution and applied it to human society

herbert spencer

native born Americans who viewed the influx of immigrants into the US with concern

nativists

the first federal law to restrict immigration on the basis of race

Chinese exclusion act

promoted political involvement among its members to enact change for their members

farmer alliance

1883 replaced the spoils system for federal jobs with job placement on the basis of competitive testing

Pendleton act

called for gov ensuring the best prices for crops, free coinage of silver, end to protective tariffs

Ocala demands

the panic of 1893 started when

the economy grew to fast

pres Cleveland made the panic worse by repealing what act

silver purchase act

1896 presidential election the democrats nominated __ after the gave his "cross of gold" speech

William jennings bryan

William mckinleys strategy for the 1896 election was unique because he focused solely on voters from ___ and __ areas

Industrial/ urban area