Exam 1 Review

Question 1

What are the 4 types of bones? What is considered the 5th type to some people?

Answer 1

Flat, short, long, irregular and sesamoid

Question 2

The thin layer of cartilage where two bones meet

Answer 2

articular cartilage

Question 3

What does the articular cartilage do/prevent

Answer 3

This layer helps stop and prevent friction from happening between the bones. Over time, cartilage gets thinner, and the person can develop arthritis.

Question 4

Function of the bones

Answer 4

Protect organs and provide structure for the movement of the body.

Question 5

When discussing anatomical locations, what is the beginning position called

Answer 5

Anatomical position

Question 6

Fascia, Bones and Skin are types of _______ Tissue

Answer 6

Connective

Question 7

What is the structure that holds bones together

Answer 7

Ligaments

Question 8

What is the difference between synarthrodial and diarthrodial joints

Answer 8

Synarthrodial joints are for stability and don’t have a lot of movement. Diarthrodial joints have lots of movement

Question 9

What is the fluid that helps avoid friction within the joint

Answer 9

Synovial fluid

Question 10

What are the three types of muscles and where can they be found?

Answer 10

Skeletal- muscles, Cardiac-heart, and Smooth-Organs

Question 11

Muscles consist of which of the following.

Answer 11

Calcium, Proteins, Water, and carbs

Question 12

What is the difference between a prime mover and a synergist

Answer 12

Prime mover: does most of the work and is the muscle doing the work, Synergist assists the prime mover.

Example: when doing bicep curls, the bicep is the prime mover, and the brachialis is the synergist

Question 13

What connects muscle to bones

Answer 13

Tendons

Question 14

Individual muscle fiber where contraction takes place. Actin and Myosin are found in this as well

Answer 14

Myofibril

Question 15

True or False: A sprinter is most likely to use slow twitch muscles during a race

Answer 15

False: A sprinter would use fast twitch, they don’t need endurance

Question 16

Which type of muscle runs out of energy faster? Which type of muscle uses more oxygen

Answer 16

Fast twitch runs out faster, doesn’t have endurance. Slow twitch uses more oxygen

Question 17

What are the 3 main nervous systems?

Answer 17

Autonomic, Central, and peripheral

Question 18

What is the action that the signal does to quickly travel down the myelin sheath?

Answer 18

jumps from node to node

Question 19

True or false: if one muscle fiber contracts, all muscle fibers within the muscle will also contract

Answer 19

True, all-or-nothing theory

Question 20

The hands are _____ to the feet

Answer 20

Superior

Question 21

The elbow is ____ to the wrist

Answer 21

Proximal

Question 22

The abdomen is _____ to the spine

Answer 22

Anterior

Question 23

The fingers are _____ to the wrist

Answer 23

Distal

Question 24

The hamstring is ____ to the quads

Answer 24

Posterior

Question 25

The arms are ____ to the spine

Answer 25

Lateral

Question 26

The knees are _____ to the waist

Answer 26

Inferior

Question 27

The mouth is ____ to the ears

Answer 27

Medial

Question 28

The shoulders are _____ to the head

Answer 28

Inferior/lateral

Question 29

Actin releases binding sites for what thick protein during the Sliding Filament Theory

Answer 29

Myosin

Question 30

What starts the process of the Sliding Filament Theory

Answer 30

Action potential in motor neuron

Question 31

Where is calcium released from

Answer 31

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Question 32

The Sliding filament model of contraction involves_____

Answer 32

Actin and myosin sliding past each other and partially overlapping

Question 33

Actin and myosin form a _____ to connect to each other and shorten the muscle causing muscle contraction

Answer 33

Crossbridge

Question 34

True or false: Power stroke happens repetitively during muscle contraction

Answer 34

True

Question 35

What is the name for 100% CONTRACTION

Answer 35

tetanus