Exam 1 Review

Question 1

defined and regulated by the company that owns the brand

Answer 1

Natural

Question 2

• Minimally processed
• no Artificial ingredients
• No preservatives
  -Generally no implants, no antibiotics

Answer 2

Natural

Question 3

Must be certified by the USDA each segment of the production chain must be certified

Answer 3

Organic

Question 4

• certified producers
  -feeders and processors
  -organic feedstuffs
  -no antibiotics

Answer 4

Organic

Question 5

production of agriculture commodities using resources, technologies and management practices that promote clean air, clean water and productive soils

Answer 5

Sustainable

Question 6

Basic Human Needs

Answer 6

Food, Clothing, Power, Shelter, Emotional well being, Fuels, Physical well being, entertainment

Question 7

• Fewer production units
• Larger average size
• more specialization

Answer 7

Production Unit

Question 8

Simplified Livestock Industry Structure

Answer 8

1. Seedstock Breeding
2. Commercial Breeding
3. Growing/Finishing
4. Packing
5. Wholesale Distribution/Processing
6. Retail
7. Consumer

Question 9

One firm owns 2 or more industry segments

Answer 9

Ownership integration

Question 10

ownership of segments may be separate, but one firm
may control (at least partially) multiple segments through contract
arrangements

Answer 10

Contract Integration

Question 11

What is Vertical integrator

Answer 11

Poultry

Question 12

Red meat products come primarily from?

Answer 12

Cattle, Swine, sheep, goats and others

Question 13

Red Meat: Beef

Answer 13

cattle

Question 14

Red Meat: Veal

Answer 14

calves

Question 15

Red Meat: Pork

Answer 15

hogs

Question 16

red meat: Mutton

Answer 16

mature sheep

Question 17

red meat: Chevon

Answer 17

Adult goats

Question 18

Red meat: Lamb

Answer 18

young sheep

Question 19

Red meat: Cabrito

Answer 19

young goats

Question 20

Hot Carcass Weight/ Live Weight x 100

Answer 20

dressing percentage

Question 21

estimate the amount of boneless, closely
trimmed retail cuts from the high-value parts of the
carcass - the round, loin, rib, and chuck.

Answer 21

Yield Grades

Question 22

G1 Carcass

Answer 22

will have the highest percentage of boneless,
closely trimmed retail cuts, or higher cutability

Question 23

would have the lowest percentage of
boneless, closely trimmed retail cuts, or the lowest
curability

Answer 23

G5 carcass

Question 24

What are the 7 quality grades for beef from the highest to lowest

Answer 24

1. Prime
2. Choice
3. Select
4. Standard
5. Commercial
6. Utility
7. Cutter

Question 25

is not given USDA quality grades as the meat is generally uniform and tender.

Answer 25

Pork

Question 26

Primary Breeder Companies ( Two Main Companies)

Answer 26

-Aviagen - Ross - Cobb

Question 27

outer layer of the shell; protective covering; blocks the pores of the shell; preserves freshness & prevents contamination

Answer 27

Cuticle

Question 28

Egg White

Answer 28

Albumen

Question 29

Eggs are Made of 4 layers

Answer 29

1. Outer thin layer 2. Firm/Fibrous layer 3. Inner thin Layer 4. Chalaziferous layer

Question 30

produced during the day; contains more fat

Answer 30

Yellow yolk

Question 31

produced at night; contains more protein

Answer 31

White Yolk

Question 32

surrounds & protects the yolk.

Answer 32

The vitelline membrane

Question 33

of eggs are sold “in-shell”

Answer 33

70%

Question 34

Levels of Agricultural Development

Answer 34

1. Developed 2. Subsistence 3. Primitive

Question 35

- Less than 10% of population farming - Highly specialized - Highly mechanized - High per capita income - High literacy rate for total population

Answer 35

Developed

Question 36

- half of population farming - each family consumes what it produces with small portion to sell - A lot of hand and animal labor - Low per capital income - Low literacy rate

Answer 36

Subsistence

Question 37

- entire population involved in food production - Scarcity of food - all done by hand, little animal assistance - extremely low per capita income - very few literate individuals

Answer 37

Primitive