Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

NUR 334 - Pharmacology I > Exam 1 - Review Packet > Flashcards

Exam 1 - Review Packet Flashcards

Goldstein (99 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Organize these pain medications from weakest to strongest

A
  1. Ibuprofen
  2. Ketorolac
  3. Tramadol
  4. Codeine
  5. Morphine
  6. Hydromorphone
  7. Fentanyl
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name 5 adverse effects of systemic steroids

A
  1. Immunosuppression
  2. Hyperglycemia
  3. Hypertension
  4. Bone density weakness
  5. Weight gain
  6. Mood disorder
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is common practice in prescribing to address the danger of systemic steroids?

A

Give medication as localized as possible, i.e: rash > cream, lungs > inhaler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name 2 conditions that opioids are used to treat besides pain.

A

Cough, diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the most common side effect of opiods?

A

Euphoria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the second most common side effect of opioids?

A

Constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name 4 recommendations to address this

A
  1. Fiber
  2. Fluids
  3. Activity
  4. Stool softener
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name 3 types of pain

A
  1. Neuropathic
  2. Visceral
  3. Chronic
  4. Acute
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which one is treated different from the others?

A

Neuropathic - treated with adjuvant therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A patient is dehydrated and receiving fluids. The order is to give 1500ml over one hour, followed by 250ml an hour. The 1500 is referred to as the ___ dose, and the hourly rate is referred to as the ____ dose.

A

loading, maintenance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the relationship between titrate and taper?

A

They are opposites!
Titrate - increases medication dose
Taper - decreases medication dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What medication routes are always systemic?

A

IV, PO, IM, rectal, subcutaneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the primary indication for administering Nalozone?

A

Respiratory depression related to opioid use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Think about how a metformin question can be on our exam

A

Classic medication for diabetes, HBP spikes insulin, steroids cause HBP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How would you address a concern for addiction relating to a prescribed opioid?

A

Therapeutic communication, patient education

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What safety education would you provide to a patient taking CAMs?

A
  1. Tell the patient to take it as prescribed on the bottle
  2. Tell patient to beware where they get it and to only get it from reputable source
  3. Educate us/providers on what they are taking (it’s important!)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the relationship between duration and half-life?

A

Same thing!
Duration - how long the drug effect lasts
Half-life - level of drug in blood drops by half

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name 2 prescription drug classes that can be used for an acute migraine?

A
  1. Serotonin 5-HT agonist
  2. NSAIDs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What OTC options are available for migraines?

A

NSAIDs, Tylenol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What drug class is most effective for inflammation?

A

SAIDs (steroids)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What drug is related to Reye’s syndrome?

A

Asprin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Why is this disease uncommon today?

A

Education not to be given to children under the age of 18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does synergism mean?

A

Where 2 things work well together - more than the sum of their parts (1+1=3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the difference between black-box-warning and contraindication?

A

BBW: Highest level of warning, you can still proceed with caution
Contraindication: Do NOT proceed, this is a no go!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the highest priority nursing assessment for the patient that is treated with an opioid?
Respiratory assessment
26
Name 2 opioids that are available PO only?
Vicodin, Oxycodone, Percocet
27
What medication this module can cause ringing in the ears?
Aspirin
28
What is the goal in pain relief?
Patient to reach tolerable pain/decreased pain
29
Can a patient that is allergic to Naproxen take Ibuprofen?
NO. SAME DRUG CLASS.
30
What is the highest priority question to ask when a patient reports that their medication is not working?
"Please tell me how you're taking your medication?
31
How should a nurse address a patient refusing their prescribed medication?
Therapeutic communication, patient education
32
Name the 2 most significant differences between Acetaminophen and NSAIDS
Acetaminophen: anti-inflammatory, non nephrotoxic (hepatotoxic) NSAIDS: inflammatory, nephrotoxic
33
Name 3 patient teaching points for someone prescribed morphine via a PCA pump?
1. Medication is set to a fixed interval 2. Push at anytime 3. Will not OD, safe to use Contact nurse at anytime
34
Match them up (IBU, Keto, Indo, Ace, Cel)
Ibuprofen: most commonly used NSAID Ketorolac can be given IV/IM/PO Indomethacin: by RX only Acetaminophen: does not belong on this list Celecoxib: does not block cyclooxygenase (COX1)
35
Why can some medications not be crushed up for the patient?
Enteric coded, sustained/extended release > you want to protect patient from stomach discomfort
36
What are 2 types of withdrawal a patient may experience with opioid addiction?
Physical & psychological withdrawl
37
Which withdrawal is treated with Methadone or Buprenorphine?
Physical, also know as medication-assisted therapy
38
Which withdrawl type is treated with therapy or narcotics anonymous?
Psychological withdrawl
39
What would you expect when giving Naloxone to a patient that has no opioids in their system?
NOTHING
40
If a patient has opioids in their system, what happens?
Opioid withdrawal - tremors, anxiety, headache, hypertension
41
Which drug name does that healthcare system use?
Generic
42
Which drug name to patients usually use?
Trade/brand name
43
What 2 drugs activate opioid receptors without the patient becoming euphoric?
Methadone & Buprenorphine
44
Name 4 components of a respiratory assessment
1. Lung sounds 2. SPO2 3. RR 4. RD (respiratory depth) 5. ABG (extra)
45
What is a sign that the kidneys are in trouble?
Oliguria & anuria
46
What is the difference between CAMs and OTC?
CAMs - safe but not proof of efficacy (not FDA approved) OTC - regular meds, safe with proven efficacy (FDA approved)
47
List 3 contraindications of Sumatriptan
Cardiac diseases, uncontrolled hypertension, if 9 pills have been consumed
48
What are 5 CAMs and their uses?
1. Echinacea - cold/flu 2. Camomile - anxiety 3. Ginger - nausea 4. Gingko - memory 5. St. John Wart - mental health
49
Can you take more than 1 drug in the same class?
NO.
50
Name 3 OTC NSAIDS?
Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Asprin
51
What drug class is known to cause GI bleeding?
NSAIDS
51
Name 3 ways to assess for this? (one sign, one symptom, one lab)
Abdominal pain, blood in stool, FOBT
52
What is the primary organ of excretion?
Kidneys
53
What is the primary organ of metabolism?
Liver
54
What is the importance of the 2 answers above? (liver + kidney)
Adjusting dose! Nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity
55
T/F: You should always use the strongest medication to treat your patient?
False
56
T/F: You should use therapeutic communication to address treatment refusals
True
57
T/F: The strongest medication is the most effective
False
58
T/F: A medication that is by prescription is always better than OTC option
False
59
T/F: You should still use non-pharm interventions if the patient is getting a drug
True
60
T/F: All drugs have the same potency or efficacy
False
61
T/F: Holistic treatment may involve prescribing drugs
True
62
T/F: A prescription can be referring to more than just medication orders
True
63
The first pass effect is most significant for medications given via which route?
PO
64
What is the patient education for a drug that has a narrow therapeutic index?
Frequent lab monitoring. Exact right dose
65
Match the drug with the required assessment (sum, asp, mor, indo, ace)
Sumatriptan: hypertension Aspirin: ringing in the ears Morphine: bradypnea Indomethacin: black stool Acetaminophen: liver failure
66
What are 3 indications for most NSAIDs?
Antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory
67
What enzyme do NSAIDs act on?
Cyclooxygenase
68
Can a patient take NSAIDs and Acetaminophen together?
Yes.
69
What assessments are needed before administering a teratogenic medication?
HCG, pregnancy test
70
What drug classes might be recommended for someone having 8 migraines per month?
Beta blockers, SNIRs
71
What are the 6 rights of medication administration?
right patient, right dose, right time, right medication, right documentation, right route
72
What are five conditions treated with steroids?
Asthma, gout, COVID-19, COPD, RA
73
What is half life?
How long a medication level drops by HALF (100mg > 50mg)
74
What is related to drug dosing frequency?
When it drops in half is typically when we give next dose
75
What assessment is only done after giving a medication, not before?
Assessment related to any side effects that the medication can cause
76
Are pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics the same thing? Any differences?
Dynamics: how medication changes the body Kinetics: how the druh moves through the body
77
Do oral steroids always need to be tapered?
Yes.
78
What is the relationship between alcohol and opioids?
Alcohol: CNS depressant Opioids: CNS depressant, synergest effect
79
A patient reports they are pregnant and asking about their prescribed daily teratogenic medication. What is an appropriate response by the nurse?
Please tell your provider immediately.
80
What is the term for large dose of medication?
Loading dose
81
Which is correct about administering IV opioids?
You need to administer the drug over several min
82
What education should the nurse provide when administering Naproxen to avoid negative GI effects?
Take it with food
83
Regarding drug classifications.. __ is to the US, as __ is to NV, as __ is to LV
Therapeutic, drug class, drug
84
Duration....
How long a drug lasts
85
Onset....
When a drug takes effect
86
Half-life....
How long until a drug concentration drops in half
87
Indication...
What a drug is used for
88
First line...
The most recommended treatment
89
Alternative...
Other than first-line choice
90
Refractory...
Unresponsive to
91
What enzyme causes inflammation?
Cyclooxygenase, through the production of histamine
92
Explain agonist vs antagonist?
Agonist: activates Antagonist: blocks
93
What is an example of each from this module? (agonist vs. antagonist)
All opioids
94
What 2 assessments are critical before any med admin and what 2 after?
What are you treating + adverse/side effects
95
What is the first step in the process of pharmacokinetics?
Absorption
96
Wheezing...
Sign: respiratory depression
97
BONUS: looking ahead at the next module... name a drug that is used to treat cancer and RA?
Methotrexate
98
BONUS: Renal function goes down as your age increases.. what does that mean your BUN and creatinine will do as you age?
Will go up!

NUR 334 - Pharmacology I (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions