exam 1/road map

Question 1

anything that takes up space

Answer 1

matter

Question 2

or ptotons or positive charge

Answer 2

elements

Question 3

of protons determines

Answer 3

atomic #

Question 4

this has more neutrons than protons in the nucleus

Answer 4

isotope

Question 5

how atoms can combine

Answer 5

bonds

Question 6

charged element/ ion

Answer 6

electrolyte

Question 7

speeds up chemical reaction

Answer 7

catalyst

Question 8

protein in catalyst

Answer 8

enzyme

Question 9

what do the + and - charges make in the body

Answer 9

electricity

Question 10

what bond is the sharing of an electron? also known as the strongest bond

Answer 10

covalent bond

Question 11

what bond has the transferring of an electron?

Answer 11

ionic bond

Question 12

what bond is fragile and constantly changing?

Answer 12

hydrogen bond

Question 13

what does pH stand for and what does it tell you?

Answer 13

power of hydorgen; the more hydrogen= the more acidic

Question 14

on the pH scale which numbers are more acidic? which ones are less acidic?

Answer 14

1-7, 7-14

Question 15

what is a system in the body that defends the body from the the pH changing

Answer 15

buffers

Question 16

what cannot leave the nucleus of a cell?

Answer 16

DNA

Question 17

what organelle creates ATP or energy?

Answer 17

mitochondria

Question 18

what organelle makes protein for the body?

Answer 18

ribosomes

Question 19

what organelle makes protein for the cell?

Answer 19

free ribosomes

Question 20

where are the fixed ribosomes found? where are the free ribosomes found?

Answer 20

fixed are found on the RER; the free are found floating around the cell

Question 21

these are the “housekeepers” of the cell

Answer 21

lysosomes

Question 22

what does semi-permeable mean

Answer 22

semi-permeable means the membrane controls what goes in and out of a cell

Question 23

non-cancerous

Answer 23

benign

Question 24

cancer/tumor soreads to tissue in same organ or area

Answer 24

malignant

Question 25

piece of cancer travels through blood away from original cancer site

Answer 25

metastasis

Question 26

cell-suicide

Answer 26

apoptosis

Question 27

PROCESS of cell death

Answer 27

necrosis

Question 28

what are carbohydrates made of?

Answer 28

carbs are made of glucose

Question 29

what do we use glucose for?

Answer 29

fuel in our body

Question 30

where is extra glucose stored?

Answer 30

liver and/or skeletal cells

Question 31

what is the process of making glucose from proteins?

Answer 31

gluconeogenisis

Question 32

whats another word for lipids? where are lipids found?

Answer 32

fats; found in liver

Question 33

is LDL good or bad cholesterol? why is it good or bad?

Answer 33

bad; moves from liver to cells

Question 34

is HDL good or bad cholesterol? why is it good or bad

Answer 34

good; the process starts in cells and picks up left over LDL that could be clogging an artery

Question 35

what is the most abundant organic matter in the body

Answer 35

proteins

Question 36

what is the protein used for?

Answer 36

almost every body function

Question 37

can DNA leave nucleus

Answer 37

no

Question 38

what does RNA do?

Answer 38

makes protein, sends message to mRNA

Question 39

what does the mRNA do?

Answer 39

COPIES the DNA

Question 40

what does the mRNA attach to?

Answer 40

riibosomes

Question 41

what does tRNA do?

Answer 41

CONVERTS the copied code from mRNA

Question 42

what does the ribosome do after the tRNA converts the copied code from the mRNA?

Answer 42

the ribosome makes the protein

Question 43

what is the difference of meiosis and mitosis?

Answer 43

mitosis- normal cells duplicating each other(46 chromosomes) | meiosis- sex cells (13 chromosomes)

Question 44

the dominant gene being expressed

Answer 44

genetic expression

Question 45

change in genetic code

Answer 45

genetic mutation