Exam 1 Study

Question 1

What is the definition of psychology?

Answer 1

scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Question 2

What 3 things does psychology promise?

Answer 2

scientific investigation, diversity and practacality

Question 3

What are the 3 theories regarding understanding relationships?

Answer 3

nature vs nurture
free will vs determinism
conscious vs unconscious

Question 4

What are the 4 goals of psychology?

Answer 4

DUPC
Describe
Understand
Predict
Control

Question 5

What is experimental research

Answer 5

Using a controlled environment to establish cause and effect

Question 6

What variable does the experimenter change

Answer 6

independent variable

Question 7

what variable does the subject behavior show

Answer 7

dependent variable

Question 8

What are the 7 steps for experimentation

Answer 8

Hypothesis
identify variables
operationalize variables
define subjects
draw a sample
perform experimentt
draw conclusions

Question 9

What is mean

Answer 9

average

Question 10

what is mode

Answer 10

most frequent

Question 11

what is median

Answer 11

middle score

Question 12

What is descriptive research?

Answer 12

Describes the world as it is.

Question 13

What are the 3 main types of descriptive research?

Answer 13

Survey
Naturalistic observation
Case Study

Question 14

What is a survey

Answer 14

question/interview to gather information
easy to do
not precise

Question 15

What is a naturalistic observation

Answer 15

prolonged observation without intervention

not precise

Question 16

What is a case study

Answer 16

In depth look at specific case
very precise
lacks prediction

Question 17

Does correlational research show causality

Answer 17

NO!!!!!

Question 18

Give examples of correlational research

Answer 18

church and crime
ice cream and drowning
attendance and grades

Question 19

What is correlational research

Answer 19

tries to identify relationship between two or more variables

Question 20

What is a correlational coefficient?

Answer 20

Strength from 0.0 to 1.00
Direction can be positive or negative
direction is NOT related to strength.

Question 21

What is positive correlation

Answer 21

variables go in the same direction

Question 22

what is negative correlation

Answer 22

variables move inversely from each other

Question 23

Is deception ok in research?

Answer 23

yes but debriefing must follow

Question 24

What are the parts of a neuron?

Answer 24

Soma (body)
Dendrites (receptors)
Axon (transmitter)
Myelin sheath (fatty layer of cells)
Synapse gap - neurotransmitters

Question 25

What are the two types of neurons

Answer 25

receptors (sensory) | effectors (motor)

Question 26

What are the two main components of the nervous system?

Answer 26

CNS and PNS

Question 27

What is in the CNS

Answer 27

Brain and spinal cord

Question 28

What is responsible for reflexes

Answer 28

spinal cord

Question 29

What are the two main components of the PNS

Answer 29

Autonomic and Somatic

Question 30

What does the autonomic system do

Answer 30

involuntary, self regulated control. Internal organs and glands. - Controls Fight or Flight. Actions can be sympathetic(arousing) or parasympathetic (calming)

Question 31

What does the somatic system do

Answer 31

Voluntary control (soma = body)

Question 32

What are the 3 main structures of the brain

Answer 32

hindbrain midbrain forebrain

Question 33

What does the hindbrain do?

Answer 33

Most primitive respiration/heartbeat Filters incoming and outgoing messages

Question 34

What does the midbrain do?

Answer 34

Pathways - road system for the brain

Question 35

What does the forebrain do?

Answer 35

Processing Wrinkled part where information gets interpreted

Question 36

What links the two main hemispheres?

Answer 36

corpus callosum

Question 37

What are the 4 lobes of the brain

Answer 37

frontal parietal occipital temporal

Question 38

What does the frontal lobe control

Answer 38

motor skills

Question 39

what does the parietal lobe control

Answer 39

touch/feeling

Question 40

what does the occipital lobe control

Answer 40

vision

Question 41

what does the temporal lobe control

Answer 41

hearing

Question 42

how many of each lobe to we have?

Answer 42

2, 1 on each side of the brain

Question 43

What are the language areas of the brain

Answer 43

Left hemisphere only Wernickes area Brocas area

Question 44

Where is wernickes area and what does it do

Answer 44

Temporal Lobe | Hearing and lnguage comprehension

Question 45

Where is Brocas area and what does it do

Answer 45

Frontal lobe | Speaking

Question 46

What are the steps in the sensory process

Answer 46

Sensation (detection) | Perception (Interpretation)

Question 47

What is an absolute threshold

Answer 47

Minimum needed to cause detection

Question 48

What is a Difference Threshold (JND)

Answer 48

Just noticeable difference | Minimum difference or change in stimulation that can be detected

Question 49

Define/ Draw Signal detection theory

Answer 49

Signal Present Signal Absent Resp Y HIT | False Alarm ------------------------------------- Resp N MISS | Correct Reject

Question 50

What are Gestalt principles

Answer 50

Figure-Ground - automatic tendency to make sense

Question 51

What is the law of simplicity?

Answer 51

``` Brain takes simplest form possible Closure - close enough similarity - brain groups like objects proximity - group by proximity continuity - brain sees things as contiuous ```

Question 52

What things influence our perception?

Answer 52

beliefs expectations / needs emotions environment