Exam 1 Terms Flashcards

Question

Thomas Couture, The Romans of the Decadence

Answer 1

Thomas Couture was a 19th Century French history painter and teacher. The Romans of the Decadence is a history painting that shows Romans partying while a few look on and judge. Made 10 years before, it inspired Rejlander's Two Ways of Life

Answer 2

Fresco in the Vatican that was influential on Couture's The Romans of the Decadence and Rejlander's Two Ways of Life

Answer 3

The Brady photograph became iconic as it was the model for engravings that were widely distributed, and the image would be the basis for campaign posters in the 1860 election. The Brady photograph has become known as the “Cooper Union Portrait."

Answer 4

As photography gained a foothold in the 1840s, John Everett Millais, William Holman Hunt, and Dante Gabriel Rossetti formed the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. These young painters and their followers wished to return to the purity, sincerity, and clarity of detail found in medieval and early Renaissance art that preceded Raphael (1483–1520).

Answer 5

Working within a carefully chosen palette of closely related colors, the Tonalists aspired to emulate musicality and inspire contemplation. By arranging color and forms, they believed that landscapes could evoke emotion and suggest deep, cosmic harmonies. Their gentle color schemes and softly brushed contours quickly became popular, influencing musicians and poets. Unlike their contemporaries, such as the Luminists and the Impressionists, the Tonalists favored cool palettes and often chose nocturnal or modest scenes of contemplative quiet. The simplicity and attention to composition found in Tonalism contributed to the abstractions that would develop in 20th-century American modernism. Whistler was a tonalist

Answer 6

Claude Monet was the leader of the French Impressionist movement, literally giving the movement its name. As an inspirational talent and personality, he was crucial in bringing its adherents together. Interested in painting in the open air and capturing natural light, Monet would later bring the technique to one of its most famous pinnacles with his series of paintings, in which his observations of the same subject, viewed at various times of the day, were captured in numerous sequences. Masterful as a colorist and as a painter of light and atmosphere, his later work often achieved a remarkable degree of abstraction, and this has recommended him to subsequent generations of abstract painters. Impressionism is perhaps the most important movement in the whole of modern painting. At some point in the 1860s, a group of young artists decided to paint, very simply, what they saw, thought, and felt. They weren’t interested in painting history, mythology, or the lives of great men, and they didn’t seek perfection in visual appearances. Instead, as their name suggests, the Impressionists tried to get down on canvas an “impression” of how a landscape, thing, or person appeared to them at a certain moment in time. This often meant using much lighter and looser brushwork than painters had up until that point, and painting out of doors, en plein air. The Impressionists also rejected official exhibitions and painting competitions set up by the French government, instead organizing their own group exhibitions, which the public were initially very hostile to. All of these moves predicted the emergence of modern art, and the whole associated philosophy of the avant-garde.

Answer 7

Lady Clementina Hawarden (1822 – 65) was a pioneering and prolific amateur photographer who captured some 800 photographs, mostly sun-drenched portraits of her daughters, from her home in South Kensington, London.

Answer 8

Wealthy Californian who hired Muybridge to settle the horse galloping bet

Answer 9

Muybridge made his most enduring work in the project Animal Locomotion, between 1884 and 1887 for the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. Each plate in the series shows the same subject in sequential phases of one action. Muybridge recorded varied forms of movement in a wide range of animals, mostly taken at Philadelphia zoo, from pigeons in flight to the subtleties of gait found in sloths, camels and capybaras. Muybridge also documented human subjects walking, running and descending staircases and engaging in boxing, fencing, weight lifting and wrestling.

Answer 10

a photograph or a series of photographs of a moving object taken to record and exhibit successive phases of the object's motion.

Answer 11

A zoetrope is one of several pre-film animation devices that produce the illusion of motion by displaying a sequence of drawings or photographs showing progressive phases of that motion.

Answer 12

Cinématographe, one of the first motion-picture apparatuses, used as both camera and projector. The invention of Louis and Auguste Lumière,

Answer 13

The Kinetoscope is an early motion-picture exhibition device. The Kinetoscope was designed for films to be viewed by one individual at a time through a peephole viewer window at the top of the device. Inventor: Thomas Edison; William Kennedy Dickson

Answer 14

A one-shot cinema, one-take film, single-take film, continuous shot feature film, or a "oner", is a full-length movie filmed in one long take by a single camera, or manufactured to give the impression it was.

Answer 15

people who live on the moon named after Selene the Greek moon goddess

Answer 16

basis for the Battleship Potemkin movie by Sergein Eisenstein

Answer 17

the revolution that placed the Bolsheviks in power

Answer 18

In the Odessa Steps sequence a crowd of friendly citizens has gathered on the steps leading down to the port of Odessa to celebrate the victory of the mutinous sailors over the Czarist officers on the battleship Potemkin, which is now waving the red flag of revolution offshore. Suddenly, from out of nowhere, lines of government soldiers appear at the top of the steps, and begin firing into the crowd. The action of this scene alone is an attraction or spectacle

Answer 19

Expressionism emphasized the expression of inner experience rather than solely realistic portrayal, seeking to depict not objective reality but the subjective emotions and responses that objects and events arouse in the artist. The artist sought to depict the subjective emotions & responses that objects and events arouse in him. He accomplishes this through distortion, exaggeration, primitivism, and fantasy and through the vivid, jarring, violent, or dynamic application of formal elements.

Answer 20

a group of German expressionist artists formed in Dresden in 1905. Founding members were Fritz Bleyl, Erich Heckel, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner and Karl Schmidt-Rottluff. Later members were Emil Nolde, Max Pechstein and Otto Mueller. The seminal group had a major impact on the evolution of modern art in the 20th century and the creation of expressionism

Answer 21

As the name suggests, German expressionist filmmakers used visual distortion and hyper-expressive performance to show inner turmoils, fears and desires of that era. German Expressionism reflects the inner conflicts of its 1920s German audience by giving their woes an inescapably external presence. By rejecting cinematic realism, expressionist films showcase dramatic, revolutionary interpretations of the human condition.

Answer 22

a 1920 German silent horror film, directed by Robert Wiene. Considered the quintessential work of German Expressionist cinema, it tells the story of an insane hypnotist (Werner Krauss) who uses a somnambulist (Conrad Veidt) to commit murders. The film features a dark and twisted visual style, with sharp-pointed forms, oblique and curving lines, structures, and landscapes that lean and twist in unusual angles, and shadows and streaks of light painted directly onto the sets.

Answer 23

silent German Expressionist horror film directed by F. W. Murnau and starring Max Schreck as Count Orlok, a vampire who preys on the wife (Greta Schröder) of his estate agent (Gustav von Wangenheim) and brings the plague to their town. Nosferatu is an unauthorized and unofficial adaptation of Bram Stoker's 1897 novel Dracula.

Exam 1 Terms Flashcards

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