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HIS102 > Exam 1 terms > Flashcards

Exam 1 terms Flashcards

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1
Q

The declaration of rights of man citizen

A
  • new constitution drafted
  • proclaiming liberty, freedom, and natural rights
  • women were not included
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2
Q

The treaty of Utrecht

A

a peace agreement signed in 1713 between England and France to end a war that began in Europe in 1701. allowed Philip V to keep the Spanish throne

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3
Q

Montesquieu

A
  • espoused separation of powers, no one part of government completely in control (checks and balances)
  • believed in equality of the sexes but had a traditional view of family and marriage
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4
Q

Adam Smith

A

An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations(1776), the first comprehensive system of political economy—which included Smith’s description of a system of market-determined wages and free rather than government-constrained enterprise

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5
Q

Storming of the bastille

A
  • large crowds against Louis XVI go to Bastille
  • 98 parisians, several troops and the govenmer of the Bastille are killed
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6
Q

Assembly of notibles

A
  • Callone wanted to introduce a new land tax that all landowners regardless fo class woul have to pay
    • called together an “assembly of Notables” to assist in his plans
      • aristocracy refused his plans
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7
Q

Thermidorian reaction

A
  • revolt against Committee of Public safety on July 24, 1794
  • committee of public safety diminished
  • Many jacobins leader executed
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8
Q

The old regime

A
  • The patterns of social, politcal, and economic relationships in France before 1789; broadly, the life and institutions of pre-revolutionary Europe
  • traditional
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9
Q

The glorious revolution

A
  • After James II repeals the Test Act, and puts Catholics in positions of power, Parliament is afraid of a Catholics Heir to the throne and invites William of Orange to Invade England
  • William and Mary succeed to the throne in the bloodless Glorious Revolutio
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10
Q

Parliamentary Monarchy

A
  • Political absolutism (which country represented what?)
    • England - Parliamentary Monarchy:
    • France - Political absolutism
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11
Q

Peter the great

A
  • publicly executed rebellious streltsy and repressed and humiliated the boyars
  • wanted to increase Russia’s military power
  • St Petersburg
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12
Q

The seven years war

A

TheFrench and Indian Warwasthe North American conflict in a larger imperial war between Great Britain and France

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13
Q

The Jacobins

A
  • radical group met to discuss the perpetuation of the revolution
  • wanted to end the monarchy and extend the revolutio
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14
Q

Declaration of Indulgence

A

In Charles II attempt to unite the people behind a war with Holland, he issues Declaration of Indulgence suspending all laws against Catholics and non-Anglican protestants

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15
Q

Emmanuel Kant

A
  • sought rationalism of enlightenment
  • Humans have a categorical imperative - an innate sense of moral duty or awareness
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16
Q

William the III of orange

A
  • Netherlands became a monarchy under him (1688-1714)
  • Led a coalition against France
  • was replaced with statholder after his death in 1702
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17
Q

The battle of waterloo

A

it concluded a war that had raged for 23 years, ended French attempts to dominate Europe, and destroyed Napoleon’s imperial power forever

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18
Q

The great fear

A
  • Several nobles and clergymen renounce their nobility rights at the national constitution Assembly to quell the riots
  • old regime is officially abolished
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19
Q

Copernicus

A
  • polish priest and astronomer
  • believed in heliocentric over geocentric (sun in the middle)
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20
Q

Mary Wollstonecraft

A

Defended the equality of women based on human reason

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20
Q

Colonies reform plan

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A

a plan to place the British North American colonies under a more centralized government.

21
Q

Tennis court Oath

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A

The National assembyl gathers in an indoor tennis court to draft a new constitution

22
Q

Treaty of Tilsit

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A

prussia and russia make peace with Napoleon and become allies

23
Q

Marquis de Lafayette

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A

served in the National Assembly and drafted the Declaration of the Rights of Man

24
9 years war
Louis went to war with the league of Augsburg (England, Spain, Netherlands, and Major Germany states) and ended up having his expansion into Germany prevented
25
Edmund Burke
wrote reflections on the revolution in france said the revolution will end in military despotism
26
The war of Spanish succession
war over who would succeed Charles II to the throne in Spain ends in a bloody stalemate with France able to keep their choice to the throne, Phillip V, but loses Gibraltar
27
Petition of rights
- King Charles levies tariffs, duties and taxes to fund a new war with Spain - Parliament would only give Charles funds if he agreed to the Petition of Right stating that no forced loans or taxations could happen without the consent of parliament
28
Francis Bacon
Father of empiricism, scientific experimentation
29
Horatia Nelson
commanded the British fleet during the Napoleonic Wars, fighting against the French and Spanish and securing a series of decisive naval victories.
30
The committee of public safety
- carried out the duties of the executive branch in dictorial fashion - carried out more executions
31
Toleration act of 1689
England becomes a limited Monarchy and permits the worship of all protestants, but not Catholics
32
The Napoleonic code
- imposed his code everywhere he conquered - no more feudalism or peasant dues - guilds lost all power - brought churches under state control - further spread nationalism and anti-french nationalism
33
The English game laws
- English landowners had exclusive rights legal rights to hunt game - in 1831 the laws were rewritten to permit landowners to allow others to hunt
33
Kepler
- German atronomer - Combined Copernican theory and Brahes empirical data to solve the problem of planetary motion
34
Pugachevs Rebellion
all of southern Russia; eventually crushed; largest uprising
35
Romanticism
- intellectual movement that was a reaction against the enlightenment - urged a revival of christianity - focuses on art, music, and literature of medieval times
36
John Wilkes
Radical who embarrassed the monarchy on several occasions
37
Industrial Revolution
- introduced economic growth - made possible the greatest production of goods and services in history - The production of new goods drive customer demand
38
Galileo
- Italian Mathematician and natural philosopher - Used the telescope to look into the skies and found heaven was much more complicated and previously understood - Copernican advocate - sentenced to jail for going against what the bible teaches
38
Declaration of Pillnitz
Emperor Leopold II of Austria and King frederick william II of Prussia announce that if another European power joins them they will intervine in France to Protect Monarchy
39
The British Nobility
Few legal priveleges, but great political power
40
Voltaire
attacked the Catholic Church and advocated freedom of religion, freedom of expression, and separation of church and state.
41
Catherine the Great of Russia
- local control of nobility - economic growth - territorial expansion
42
Congress of Vienna
Quadruple alliance, Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia meet at the congress of Vienna to decide new european borders
43
Louis 16th
beheaded on January 21, 1793
44
Methodism
- **John wesley was the leader** - revolt against deism and rationalism, stressed inward, heartfelt religion - religious development based on feeling
45
Margaret Cavendish
- Observations upon experimental philosophy - Grounds of Natural Philosophy
46
Battle of Austerltizj
- **the first engagement of the War of the Third Coalition and one of Napoleon's greatest victories**. - defeated the Russians and Austrians
47
Tycho Brahe
argued that the earth was the stationary center of the universe, with the sun, moon, and stars orbiting the earth, but the other planets orbiting the sun.

HIS102 (1 decks)

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