Exam 1 Terms

Question 1

Hyphae

Answer 1

A branch of a mycelium

Question 2

Mycelium

Answer 2

The hypha or mass of hypha that make up the body of a fungus

Question 3

Oospores

Answer 3

Sexual spores produced by the union of two morphologically different gametangia (oogonium and antheridium)

Question 4

Sporangium

Answer 4

A container or case of asexual spores. In some cases it functions as a single spore.

Question 5

Sporangiophore

Answer 5

A specialized hypha bearing one or more sporangia.

Question 6

Zoospore

Answer 6

A motile spore.

Question 7

Appressorium

Answer 7

The swollen tip of a hypha or germ tube that facilitates attachment and penetration of the host by a fungus.

Question 8

Haustorium

Answer 8

A simple or branched projection of hyphae into host cells that attacks a hosting organ.

Question 9

Penetration peg

Answer 9

A hyphae protruding from an appresorium that penetrates into the host.

Question 10

Zygospore

Answer 10

The sexual or resting spore of zygomycetes produced by the fusion of two morphologically similar gametangia.

Question 11

Encysted zoospore

Answer 11

A zoospore that has retracted it’s flagella into a survival structure.

Question 12

Antheridium

Answer 12

The male sexual organ found in some fungi and oomycetes.

Question 13

Oogonium

Answer 13

The female gametangium of oomycetes containing one or more gamates.

Question 14

Plasmodium

Answer 14

A naked, slimy mass of protoplasm containing numerous nuclei.

Question 15

Oomycete

Answer 15

A fungus like chromistan that produces oospores, water mold.

Question 16

Plasmodiophoromycete

Answer 16

A class of protists that are parasites of plants.

Question 17

Myxomycete

Answer 17

Slime Mold

Question 18

Chytridiomycete

Answer 18

Chytridiomycetes is a class of fungi. Members are found in soil, fresh water, and saline estuaries. They are primitive fungi. Have motile spores and no septa.

Question 19

Zygomycete

Answer 19

Ceocytic fungi.

Question 20

Zygospore

Answer 20

Sexual resting spore or Zygomycetes.

Question 21

Ascomycete

Answer 21

Sac fungi

Question 22

Ascospore

Answer 22

A sexually produced spore borne in an ascus.

Question 23

Ascus

Answer 23

A sac like cell of a hypha in which meiosis and occurs and that contains ascospores.

Question 24

Ascocarp

Answer 24

Reproductive sturcture of ascomycetes.

Question 25

Chasmothecium

Answer 25

Spherical ascocarp

Question 26

Perithecium

Answer 26

Flask shaped ascocarp

Question 27

Apothecium

Answer 27

Cup shaped ascocarp

Question 28

Naked Asci

Answer 28

Asci that are not contained within an ascocarp.

Question 29

Conidia

Answer 29

Asexual fungal spore formed at the end of a conidiophore.

Question 30

Conidiophore

Answer 30

A specialized fungal hyphae that bears conidia

Question 31

Sporocarps

Answer 31

The reproductive structure of Deutromycetes

Question 32

Pycnidium

Answer 32

Flask shaped sporocarp

Question 33

Acervulus (and setae)

Answer 33

A subepidermal, saucer shaped, asexual fruiting body that produces conidia

Question 34

Sporodochium

Answer 34

A fruiting structure consisting of a cluster of conidiophores woven together in a mass of hyphae.

Question 35

Synnema

Answer 35

A synnema is a large, erect reproductive structure borne by some fungi, bearing compact conidiophores, which fuse together to form a strand resembling a stalk of wheat, with conidia at the end or on the edges.

Question 36

Sclerotia

Answer 36

A compact mass of hyphae with or without host tissue, usually with a darkened rind, and capable of surviving under unfavorable conditions

Question 37

Microsclerotia

Answer 37

Microscopic sized sclerotia

Question 38

Chlamydospore

Answer 38

A thick-walled asexual spore formed by the modifications of a cell of a fungus hyphae

Question 39

Coffin Ship

Answer 39

Ships that the Irish died on waiting to get into the US

Question 40

Black '47

Answer 40

The year in which the most deaths happened during the Irish Potato Famine

Question 41

Anastamosis

Answer 41

Hyphal fusion resulting in the intercommunication of their genetic material

Question 42

Vegetative Compatibility Groups

Answer 42

Heterothallic or homothallic

Question 43

Tylosis

Answer 43

An overgrowth of the protoplast of a parenchyma cell into an adjacent xylem vessel or a tracheid.

Question 44

Clamp Connections

Answer 44

A mechanism used to maintain the dikaryotic state of some fungi

Question 45

Basidium

Answer 45

A club shaped structure on which basidiospores are borne

Question 46

Basidiospores

Answer 46

A sexually produced spore borne on a basidium

Question 47

Sterigmata

Answer 47

A slender protrubance on a basidium that supports the basidiospore.

Question 48

Basidiocarp

Answer 48

The structure bearing basidia

Question 49

Rust

Answer 49

A disease giving a "rusty" appearance to a plant and caused by one of the Uredinales

Question 50

Smut

Answer 50

A diseased caused by smut fungi (Ustilaginales) characterized by masses of dark, powdery, and sometimes odorous spores

Question 51

Uredium

Answer 51

The fruiting structure of rust fungi in which the uredospores are produced.

Question 52

Urediospores

Answer 52

Asexual Rust spores that infect the host on which they are produced.

Question 53

Telium

Answer 53

The fruiting structure in which rust teliospores are produced

Question 54

Teliospores

Answer 54

The sexual, thick walled resting spore of rusts and smuts

Question 55

Aecium

Answer 55

A cup shaped fruiting body of rust fungi that produces aeciospores

Question 56

Aeciospores

Answer 56

Spores produced within an Aecium

Question 57

Spermagonium

Answer 57

A fruiting body of rust fungi in which gametes or gametangia are produced.

Question 58

Spermatia

Answer 58

The male gamete of rust fungi

Question 59

White Rot

Answer 59

Break down lignins

Question 60

Brown Rot

Answer 60

Break down hemicellulose and cellulose

Question 61

Rugosity

Answer 61

Mis-shappen growth of leaves due to usually a plant virus.