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Exam 1 Terms Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Sugars (ending in ose) which are soluble in water and provide energy to cells. Usually enter the body through consumption.

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2
Q

Lipids

A

Oils/fats which are non-soluble in water. Cell membranes are made up of a phosopholipid bilayer and cholesterol is an example of a lipid which can be altered or changed to produce steroids.

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3
Q

Proteins

A

Amino acids. Different acids in different formations yield proteins with different purposes. Hugely diverse impact on da body!

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4
Q

Nucleic Acids

A

Base for DNA and RNA: ACTG and AUCG. Nucleic acids are part of nucleotides. Which consist of a nucleic base, a sugar, and a phosphate.

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5
Q

Human Karyotype

A

Number and visual appearance of all the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism.

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6
Q

Genotype

A

All the genes in the human body.

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7
Q

Phenotype

A

Physical expression of all the genes.

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8
Q

Nucleus

A

Stores DNA, coordinates cellular activity including growth, reproduction, protein synthesis, and metabolism

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9
Q

Cell Membrane

A

Made of phospholipid bilayer, protects cell, functions as selective barrier for import/export materials.

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10
Q

Mitochondria:

A

Powerhouse of the cell which regulates cellular metabolism and performs cellular respiration

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11
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Fluid that fills cells, protects organelles from internal damage, contains enzymes that break down waste, aids in metabolic activity, provides structure.shape to cell.

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12
Q

Receptors

A

Receive signals from hormones and proteins. Intracellular (responding to commands for mitosis for example) and extracellular: responding do circulating levels of hormones in the blood stream.

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13
Q

Golgi Complex

A

Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion. Transporting everything around.

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14
Q

Lysosome

A

Digests waste within the cells

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15
Q

Ribosomes

A

Location of protein synthesis, sight of translation.

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16
Q

Crossing-over

A

Where genetic material is transferred between homologous chromosomes before meiosis one.

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17
Q

Non-disjunction

A

Where one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes are unable to seperate during nuclear division. Resulting in unequal distribution of chromosomes in daughter cells. If this haploid becomes a zygote, the fetus may have deformities depending on if it is receiving an extra or a lesser chromosome.

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18
Q

Monozygotic Twins

A

Identical, on zygote and during mitotic cell devision the cluster of cells suddenly becomes two.

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19
Q

Dizygotic Twins

A

Two eggs during ovulation.

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20
Q

Pubococcygeus muscle

A

Hammock like muscle that stretches from the pubic bone to the coccyx.

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21
Q

Coccyx

A

Tailbone

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22
Q

Pelvic floor

A

The muscles and tissues which form the floor of the pelvic cavity, holding all the important organs from falling out your hoohaa.

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23
Q

Vulva

A

The whole shabang

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24
Q

Perineum

A

The Grundle

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25
Vestibule
Space inside the labia minora
26
Mons Pubis
Fatty tissue on top of the vagina.
27
Labia Majora
The exteria lips which frame the labia minora and construct the exterior of the vulva.
28
Labia Minora
Inside of the labia majora. Encloses the vulva and is made up of smooth tissue.
29
Clitoris
Located at the top of the vulva under the prepuce. Homologous with the head of the penis, it is made of erectile tissue, it is highly concentrated with nerve endings and is a key source of sexual stimulation.
30
Prepuce
Foreskin/clitoral hood
31
Ovary
Homologous with the testies, the ovarian gonads are located either side of the uterus and produce ovum for reproduction.
32
Bartholin's gland
Located near the entrance to the vaginal canal, secretes lubricant for the vagina.
33
Skrene's gland
Located next to the urethra and homologous with the prostate, the gland secretes fluid which lubricates the urethra.
34
Vagina
you know where and what this is
35
Cervix
protects the uterus from infection and connects it to the vaginal canal. Lined with thick mucus to prevent anything from getting through, during ovulation the mucus thins so that sperm are invited inside.
36
Internal OS
Cervical opening to the uterus
37
External os
Cervical opening to the vagina
38
Endocervical canal
Between two os
39
cervical fornices
The space in the vaginal canal created by the external os poking into the canal. Useful to palpate the ovaries.
40
Anus
Opening of digestive system.
41
Vulvar Sebacious glands
Oil secreting glands that get cysts.
42
Urethra
We know dis
43
Hymen
Tissue surrounding the vagina
44
G-spot
Not a finite spot in the vagina but connected to nerve endings from the clitoris and bulbs of the vestibule.
45
Hymen
Tissue surrounding vaginal opening
46
Parts of the fallopian tubes
Fimbraie (fingers), infundibulum (middle space), antebellum (where my dude sits and waits to be penetrated by some sperm), isthmus, exit into the eterus.
47
bulbs of the vestibule
erectile tissue homologous with the scrotum and lie under the labia majora.
48
oocyte/ovum
Oocyte is pre-meiosis ovum, ovum is haploid cell produced by meiosis in the ovary.
49
Uterine prolapse
Where your uterus begins to collapse into your lower pelvic region due to weakening in your pelvic floor.
50
Lactobacilli (and their function)
Lactobacilli consume sucrose secreted by the epithelial lining of the vagina and produce lactic acid- making the vagina acidic (which is good)
51
Endometrial lining of the uterus
Develops and specializes through the development of spiral arteries. Requires a sterile environment.
52
Glandular Tissue (breast)
Includes the breast lobes and breast ducts
53
Fibrous tissue(breast)
hold stretch from the skin to the chest wall to hold the breast tissue in place.
54
Fatty tissue (breast)
fills the spaces between glandular and fibrous tissue and largely determines your breast size
55
Muscle (breast()
Pectoral muscle supports the breast.
56
A cyst (and difference from a tumor)
A cyst is a liquid filled sac, a tumor is a mass or growth of abnormal cells. Glandular tissues are more likely to develop cysts.
57
Speculum
Thing to peel vag and peep cervix
58
Seminiferous Tubules
Produce sperms, in testes
59
Epididymis
Sperm matures, spends up to 6 weeks here
60
Vas Deferens
Transports mature sperm by smooth muscle contractions. (What gets snipped in a vasectomy)
61
Ejaculatory duct
Where sperm combines with semen coming from the seminal vesical
62
Prostate gland
Provide alkaline fluids that lubricate and nourish sperm.
63
Bulbourethral gland
Homologous to bartholins gland it does pre-cum
64
S.E.V.E.N UP
Seminiferous Tubules, Epididymis, Vas Deferens, Ejaculatory Duct, Nothing, Urethra, Penis
65
Acrosome
The cap that covers the head of the sperm, helps get the sperm through the egg's protective membrane.
66
Corona Radiata
Supplies vital nutrients and protection to the Ovum- also potentially help guide it towards the fimbraie
67
Zona Pellucida
The thick transparent membrane surrounding the ovum before implantation. Which da acrsome must burrow through.
68
Atresia
Degeneration ovarian follicles which dont ovulate during the menstrual cycle. (reabsorption).

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