Exam 1 Vocab

Question 1

Autonomy

Answer 1

the patient’s need for self-determination.

Question 2

Beneficience

Answer 2

the ethical principle that means “do good” for the patient

Question 3

Chief Complaint

Answer 3

a brief statement telling why the patient is seeking care

Question 4

History of Prior Illness

Answer 4

step by step evaluation surrounding the patient’s reason for seeking medical care

Question 5

Nonmaleficience

Answer 5

the ethical principle that means “do no harm” to the patient.

Question 6

Past Medical History

Answer 6

a statement of the patient’s overall health prior to the onset of the present complaint

Question 7

Family History (FHI)

Answer 7

information about the health of family members to identify a possible health risk for the patient; this should include ages (ages at death) and the causes of death.

Question 8

Social History (SocH)

Answer 8

work, marriage, diet, exercise, sexual and military experiences; use of alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs

Question 9

Review of Systems (RoS)

Answer 9

an area where you question the patient about possible complaints for different body systems

Question 10

Utilitarianism

Answer 10

a theory that defines the appropriate use of resources as that which results in the greatest good for the greatest number of people

Question 11

Values

Answer 11

the ideals, customs, institutions and behaviors regarded by a specific group

Question 12

Acromegaly

Answer 12

Growth Disorder associated with a pituitary tumor

Question 13

Afebrile

Answer 13

without fever, denoting apyrexia; normal body temp. >97F(36C), <100.3F(38C) measured rectally.

Question 14

Ballard Gestational Age Assessment

Answer 14

used to assess or confirm the gestational age of a neonate utilizing six physical and six neuromuscular characteristics

Question 15

Blood Pressure

Answer 15

the force of blood against the wall of an artery as the ventricles of the heart contract and relax

Question 16

Normal BP

Answer 16

BP Less than 120 Systolic, less than 80 Diastolic

Question 17

Prehypertension

Answer 17

120-139 Systolic, 80-89 Diastolic

Question 18

Hypertension Stage 1

Answer 18

140-159 Systolic, 90-99 Diastolic

Question 19

Hypertension Stage 2

Answer 19

160+ Systolic, 100+ Diastolic

Question 20

JNC Recommendation for >= 60 years old

Answer 20

BP Less than 150 Systolic, Less than 90 Diastolic

Question 21

JNC Recommendation for <= 60 years

Answer 21

BP Less than 140 Systolic, Less than 90 Diastolic

Question 22

JNC Recommendation for >18 years with Chronic Kidney Disease

Answer 22

BP Less than 140 Systolic, Less than 90 Diastolic

Question 23

JNC Recommendation for >18 years with Diabetes

Answer 23

BP Less than 140 Systolic, Less than 90 Diastolic

Question 24

Body mass index

Answer 24

a parameter used to provide guidance regarding the appropriateness of weight for a given height

Question 25

Failure to Thrive

Answer 25

a sign defined by growth in an infant or child below the 3rd or 5th percentiles on growth chart

Question 26

Febrile

Answer 26

Denoting a fever. (Temperature above 100.4F/38C [rectal])

Question 27

Gestational Age

Answer 27

an indicator of a newborn’s maturity

Question 28

Head Circumference

Answer 28

Measurement of the circumference of an infant's head (Duh). Should be obtained on every visit until a child reaches 2 years old.

Question 29

Hypertensive

Answer 29

Marked by increased blood pressure. Used to denote a person suffering from high blood pressure.

Question 30

Hydrocephalus

Answer 30

a condition that results from excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain or ventricular system of the brain

Question 31

Hypotensive

Answer 31

characterized by low blood pressure or causing reduction in blood pressure

Question 32

Korotkoff Sounds

Answer 32

turbulence of blood flow in the artery. Sounds heard when taking BP

Question 33

Normotensive

Answer 33

Indicating normal arterial BP

Question 34

Orthostatic Hypotension

Answer 34

Pathology of vasculatory system. hypotension occurring when a person assumes an erect position. Systolic blood pressure decrease of at least 20 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure decrease of at least 10 mm Hg with a reflex increase in heart rate within three minutes of standing. [Note not from lecture: manifests in head rush/dizzy spell when patient stands up after sitting for a long time resulting from sudden drop in BP. Caused by blood pooling in lower extremities]

Question 35

Pulse Pressure

Answer 35

the variation in blood pressure occurring in an artery during the cardiac cycle; it is the difference between the systolic, or maximum, and diastolic, or minimum, pressures. A reading of 30-50 is considered in the normal range

Question 36

Pulse Rate

Answer 36

palpated over an artery close to the body surface that lies over bones [Colloquially refered to just as "pulse"

Question 37

Radial Pulse

Answer 37

Taken along the radius by the wrist

Question 38

Apical

Answer 38

Taken on the chest. Used for people with cardiac history and sometimes children

Question 39

Bradycardia

Answer 39

Pulse <60 BPM

Question 40

Tachycardia

Answer 40

Pulse >100BPM

Question 41

Respiratory Rate Normal Range

Answer 41

In Adults, 12-20 per minute

Question 42

Pulse Scale 4+

Answer 42

Bounding, aneurysmal. Can be caused by fever, cocaine, fear, strenuous exercise

Question 43

Pulse Scale 3+

Answer 43

Full, increased. Caused by caffeine, fear, anxiety

Question 44

Pulse Scale 2+

Answer 44

Expected rating

Question 45

Pulse Scale 1+

Answer 45

Diminished, barely palpable. Caused by stenosis, hypovolemia, anemia, dehydration, left ventricular failure

Question 46

Pulse Scale 0

Answer 46

Absent, not palpable. Caused by asystole, occlusion, or thrombosis.

Question 47

Tachnypnea

Answer 47

>= 20 breaths per minute, normal breaths

Question 48

Bradypnea

Answer 48

<= 12 breaths per minute

Question 49

Hypernea

Answer 49

>= 20 breaths per minute, deep inspirations

Question 50

Temperature

Answer 50

an assessment performed most often by oral, rectal, or tympanic routes

Question 51

Oral Cavity Average Temperature

Answer 51

98.6F, 37C

Question 52

Tympanic Difference from Oral

Answer 52

Higher than oral by .8C/1.4F

Question 53

Axillary Difference from Oral

Answer 53

Lower than oral by .6C/1F

Question 54

Rectal Difference from Oral

Answer 54

Higher than oral by .4-.5C/-.7-.9F

Question 55

Temporal

Answer 55

Usually least accurate, accuracy increasing in recent iterations. *Difference not listed in slides or lab manual*