Exam 11 human body

Question 1

what is anatomy

Answer 1

the study of the different organs and structures within the body

Question 1

what is physiology

Answer 1

the study of the organs and the functions of the in the human body

Question 2

what is a groupof cells similar in structure and function

Answer 2

tissue

Question 3

where is epithelial tissue used

Answer 3

Protection(skin) absortion(lining of your small intestine) secretion(glands)

Question 4

what is conective tissue

Answer 4

Most abundant and diverse. Support, bind together, and
protect other tissues or organs. Composed of protein fibers (collagen,
elastin). Bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, adipose (fat) tissue, and blood.

Question 5

ihow does muscle tissue work

Answer 5

Contracts and causes movement.

Question 6

what are the three types of muscle tissue

Answer 6

Skeletal
muscle (attached to bones and allows for voluntary
movement), cardiac muscle (found only in the heart,
pumps blood involuntarily), and smooth muscle (found in
the walls of internal organs, like the intestines and blood
vessels, controlling involuntary movements)

Question 7

what is the type of tissue found int he brain?

Answer 7

nervous

Question 8

what is the skin system called

Answer 8

integementry system

Question 9

how does protection work in the skin

Answer 9

physical barrier against mechanical impacts, pathogens,
and harmful substances. Minimizes water loss and protects against
UV radiation (thanks to melanin protein) that damage cell DNA

Question 10

what is sensation

Answer 10

a sensory organ in your skin rich with nervous tissue

Question 11

Thermoregulation:

Answer 11

Through the dilation and constriction of blood
vessels and the activity of sweat glands, the skin helps regulate body
temperature (homeostasis) in response to environmental changes

Question 12

what is the way sweat works

Answer 12

through excreation

Question 13

why is vitamain D important

Answer 13

this helps calcium be absorbed, healthy bones, immunity, and so much more!

Question 14

what are the 3 layers of skin fro inside to out

Answer 14

epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis

Question 15

what layer of skins vitamin d found in

Answer 15

epidermis

Question 16

what layer of skin are the wax glands found in

Answer 16

dermis

Question 17

where is melanin found

Answer 17

epidermis

Question 18

what mostly makes up the hypo dermis

Answer 18

fat and connective tissue

Question 19

what is the system that has all your bones, cartalige, tendons, and ligaments called

Answer 19

skeletal system

Question 20

how are bones and muscles attached to each other

Answer 20

tendons

Question 21

how are bones connected to other bones

Answer 21

ligaments

Question 22

what do osteoclasts so

Answer 22

break down bones for other clcium needs

Question 23

what do osteoblasts do

Answer 23

build up bones

Question 24

what part of the bones make read blood cells

Answer 24

red bone marrow

Question 25

what is the hard dense outer layer of the bone called

Answer 25

compact bone

Question 26

Periosteum

Answer 26

fibrous membrane surrounding compact bone and supplies blood to it. Attachment point for ligaments and tendons. Bone growth, repair, remodeling. Medullary cavity Osteons Medullary cavity Periosteum Spongy Bone Compact Bone Red Marrow

Question 27

what is collegen primary for

Answer 27

tendons, ligaments, and cartilage

Question 28

what is Nonliving. Strong, absorbs shock, flexible, rubbery, allows bones to smoothly slide over each other (at joints), also forms various structures in body (nose, ear, parts of ribcage, etc.).

Answer 28

cartilage

Question 29

what are growth plates made out of

Answer 29

cartilage

Question 30

what type of joint is a ball in socket

Answer 30

synovial

Question 31

what type of joints make up your back bone

Answer 31

cartilaginous

Question 32

Posture

Answer 32

maintained by a constant low-level contraction of muscles. Even when sitting still, your muscles are at work. Postural muscles in the back, neck, and abdomen work against gravity to keep the body upright and stable

Question 33

Heat Production:

Answer 33

Muscles generate heat as a byproduct of their contraction when ATP is used. This is crucial for maintaining body temperature.

Question 34

Skeletal Muscle:

Answer 34

attaches to bones, striated appearance (striped/light & dark bands), and under voluntary control.

Question 35

smooth muscle

Answer 35

Smooth Muscle: Found in walls of internal organs; involuntarily controls blood vessel diameter, moving food through gut, etc. Slower/smooth contractions

Question 36

what is the thin filament in muscles

Answer 36

actin

Question 37

what is the thick filament

Answer 37

myosin

Question 38

Calcium

Answer 38

exposes binding sites on actin, and ATP provides energy for myosin movement.

Question 39

what happens every time apt breaks

Answer 39

heat is released

Question 40

Cellular Respiration in Muscles

Answer 40

Mitochondria convert each glucose’s stored energy into 38 ATP (Glycolysis → Citric Acid (Krebs) Cycle → Electron Transport Chain). Electron Transport chain requires oxygen though!!!! When muscles run out of oxygen (due to exhaustion), they switch to Lactic Acid Fermentation pathway to produce 2 ATP per each glucose... Less efficient, and creates painful buildup of lactic acid in muscles!! Remember, ATP is needed to bind to myosin and move it!

Question 41

Myoglobin

Answer 41

stores a reserve of oxygen within slow-twitch muscle cells; makes them dark red! Fast-twitch, less myoglobin

Question 42

what type of joints allow the most movement | from quiz

Answer 42

synovial

Question 43

anatomy or physioligy examining the structural differences between muscle types | from quiz

Answer 43

anatomy

Question 44

what type of tissue is in the spinal cord | from quiz

Answer 44

nervous

Question 45

what is keritin for | from quiz

Answer 45

strengthening hair nails and skin

Question 46

what happens if you have way too much calcium in you

Answer 46

osteoblasts will begin building up your bones and taking the extra calcium out of circulation

Question 47

what is the middle bones in your skeleton called | from quiz

Answer 47

axial skeleton