Exam

Question 1

3 elements of exposure

Answer 1

Shutter speed, aperture, ISO

Question 2

What is a stop?

Answer 2

The term for a camera change that doubles or halves the light

Question 3

What is noise?

Answer 3

An image problem resulting from high ISO

Question 4

What is 18% grey?

Answer 4

The tone that centre-weighted light meters average light to

Question 5

What is reciprocity?

Answer 5

Multiple settings providing the same exposure value

Question 6

What is my camera’s X-Sync speed?

Answer 6

1/250 of a second

Question 7

What is a guide number?

Answer 7

A measurement of flash output

Question 8

What is dragging the shutter?

Answer 8

A technique for using a slow shutter with flash

Question 9

What is off-camera or oblique flash?

Answer 9

The flash method used to bring out surface detail

Question 10

What is inverse square law?

Answer 10

The rule that describes how flash light falls off over distance

Question 11

What is the rule of thumb for minimum shutter speeds for handheld photos?

Answer 11

The reciprocal of the focal length of the lens

Question 12

What is exposure compensation?

Answer 12

The tool for adjusting exposure or flash to suit an individual scene

Question 13

What is a normal 50 mm lens?

Answer 13

A lens that gives perspective similar to the human eye

Question 14

What is evaluative metering?

Answer 14

Canon metering system that uses an algorithm to determine exposure

Question 15

What is the aperture that gives the shallowest depth of field on your macro lens?

Answer 15

2.8

Question 16

What is the preferred f-stop for taking photos of fingerprints with the 100 mm macro?

Answer 16

f/11

Question 17

What is the hyperfocal distance?

Answer 17

The distance that you would focus to obtain maximum depth of field

Question 18

What are the 3 factors that affect depth of field?

Answer 18

Distance, f-stop, and focal length

Question 19

What are circles of confusion or blur circles?

Answer 19

A lens creates these geometric shapes in images that affect apparent sharpness

Question 20

What is the type of file format that provides a “digital negative”?

Answer 20

RAW

Question 21

What is a “working copy”?

Answer 21

Forensic image enhancement must only be applied to this copy of a file

Question 22

What is JPEG?

Answer 22

The file format that continually compressed files every time it is resaved

Question 23

What is TIFF?

Answer 23

The common file format considered “lossless” compression

Question 24

JPEG is classed as what type of compression format?

Answer 24

Lossy

Question 25

When should scale be included?

Answer 25

With any photo that may be used for comparison with a known source

Question 26

What is "filling the frame"?

Answer 26

A strategy for maximizing use of the surface area of the image sensor in close-up photos

Question 27

What lens to subject angle should be used to minimize distortion?

Answer 27

90 degrees, perpendicular to the subject

Question 28

What does SWGIT stand for?

Answer 28

Scientific Working Group on Imaging Technology

Question 29

What is SWGIT used for?

Answer 29

Forensic photographer follow the standards set by this group

Question 30

What type of lens should be used whenever you are attempting to minimize distortion?

Answer 30

A "normal" lens

Question 31

What is the f-stop that your flash must put out to achieve f11 at life size on your macro lens?

Answer 31

f22

Question 32

What are the 3 elements of the exposure triangle?

Answer 32

Aperture (Av), shutter speed (Tv), ISO

Question 33

What does Av mean?

Answer 33

Aperture

Question 34

What does Tv mean?

Answer 34

Shutter speed

Question 35

What does ISO refer to?

Answer 35

Sensor sensitivity

Question 36

Depth of Field

Answer 36

Distance between nearest and furthest objects that are in focus in the camera

Question 37

3 elements of depth of field

Answer 37

Aperture/f stop, lens distance to subject, focal length of lens

Question 38

Aperture and depth of field

Answer 38

Large f stop (f2.8) gives shallow depth of field Small f stop (f16) gives large depth of field

Question 39

Distance and depth of field

Answer 39

Closer to subject gives shallower depth of field

Question 40

Focal length and depth of field

Answer 40

Wider focal length has greater depth of field

Question 41

Macro/Bellows 1:1

Answer 41

Requires 2 stops of additional light

Question 42

Macro/Bellows 1:2

Answer 42

Requires 1 stop pf additional light

Question 43

How to calculate guide number

Answer 43

GN = f stop x distance

Question 44

X-sync speed

Answer 44

Fastest speed that allows flash units to synchronize with the shutter so that flash only fires when shutter is open

Question 45

X-sync speed for our camera

Answer 45

1/250