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Product Life Cycle Management > Exam > Flashcards

Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Beginning of Life

A

The product/process design and what happens to the product within the company

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2
Q

Middle of Life

A

The use and support of the product and repair/maintenance of it

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3
Q

End of Life

A

Retire, eventually recycle and reuse of materials

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4
Q

RTD is for

A

basic Research, Technology development, product Development

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5
Q

Basic research entails

A

Discovery process, no set timing, unpredictable returns, long term

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6
Q

Technology Development

A

Loosely structured, Difficult to plan, Less predictable, Medium Term

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7
Q

Product development

A

Structured methods, planned timing, Predictable outcome, short term

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8
Q

What is a Derivative project development project?

A

When enhancing or cost reducing versions already accessible.

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9
Q

What is a Platform project development project?

A

This project holds some of the old and some of the new technologies. Think, plugin-hybrid cars.

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10
Q

What is a Breakthrough project development project?

A

This kind of project determine a significant change in current products and processes. They create a new product category.

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11
Q

New product development, what does it contain?

A

A disciplined and defined set of tasks and steps that describe the normal means by which a company repetitively converts embryonic ideas into a salable product or services.

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12
Q

One of a kind product development

A

Deeper customer analysis. Customer innovation.

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13
Q

Market pull products?

A

Furniture, trendy products that are demanded by the market.

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14
Q

Technology push products

A

Advancements in technology gives the manufacturer the opportunity to develop products the leverage of the technology and give customers value through the new tech.

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15
Q

Platform products

A

Computers, printers, tooling machines. We can use this products to perform various tasks through applications applicable to the platform product.

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16
Q

Process intensive products

A

Foods, chemicals, semi conductors. Products that are per say easy in its nature but are complex/impossible to make yourself.

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17
Q

High risk products

A

Pharma, space systems etc.

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18
Q

Quick build products

A

Software, mobile phones

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19
Q

Complex systems

A

Airplanes, cars, jet engines

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20
Q

A generic Product development process contains 6 stages. What may these be?

A

Planning
Concept development
System-level design
Detail design
Testing and refinement
Production and ramp up

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21
Q

Difference between sequential engineering and concurrent engineering.

A

Concurrent includes different departments collaborating in terms of the product development. This may be lead to a more complex information flow and longer planning phase

Sequential Engineering separates the departments. Saying that the sales department only is included in the end of the process. This may be effective but also increase the risk for re-work and adjustments in later stages.

22
Q

Lean Product Process Development House includes

A

Foundation: Product process development problem solving

Walls: PPD process flow; Knowledge

Roof: Customer and Company values

Inside: Organizational structure, PPD leadership behaviors

23
Q

The lean triangle contains…?

A

Technology, people, process.

24
Q

Front end innovation?

A

Refers to the initial phase of the product development process. Will include topics such as:

Ideation
Concept development
Design
Engineering

Critical to PD since it will be the foundation upon which the end product will rest.

25
What 4 parameters may be useful when planning a product project
1. Competitive strategy 2. Market segmentation 3. Technological trajectory 4. Product platforms
26
Competitive strategy analysis
Means that the focus is on how competitors manage their business in this market.
27
Market segmentation?
What customers are thought to be the buyers and users of this product. Are they strong buyers?
28
Technological Trajectory?
What will be the future technologies of the market we seek to operate in?
29
Product platforms?
A platform development project creates the architecture of a family of products.
30
CRADLE-TO-GRAVE
Is the full life cycle from resource to use ophase and disposal of the product.
31
CRADLE-TO-GATE
Is an assessment of a partial product life cycle from resource extraction to the factory gate. Before it is transported to the customer.
32
CRADLE-TO-CRADLE
Is a specific kind of cradle to grave assessment, where the materials are reintroduced into the same or a new product life.
33
Life Cycle Inventory
PLC inventory quantifies total energy and material requirements, energy source, atmospheric and waterborne emissions and solid waste resulting from production and end of life management essentially.
34
Circular economy
In a manufacturing context in which, as seen, there is an increasing need for awareness of undertaking more responsible actions, circular economy is an emerging paradigm.
35
How is it possible to design out waste?
Reducing quantity of materials used Lengthening the life cycles Reducing energy used in manufacturing and MOL Creating markets for secondary raw materials Designing products that are easier to maintain, repair, upgrade and manufacture. Developing necessary services for consumers in this regard.
36
Explain Value Engineering
Is where the value of all components used in the development of a product or system are comprehensively analyzed and pursued, from design to final delivery. This is integrated in the whole Product Development phase. May contain optimization of material use, cost efficiency and quality improvements.
37
Value analysis
Is a step-by-step approach developed by GE to identify the functions of an existing product/service/system to establish monetary value for that function at an overall minimum cost without affecting any of the system parameters.
38
VA/VE can be applied to these areas?
Function, Worth, Cost
39
QFD stands for...
Quality function Development
40
Uses of a prototype
Design by doing Give users the experience of use Testing Feasibility
41
What is IEEE
Developing prototypes early in the process to make sure early feedback and analysis of enhancements.
42
Benefits of prototypes
Reduce iterations in Design phase Expedite the design process Fast and cheap in comp to end product Elicit more feedback Identify more design problems Reduces cost of design errors Encourage creativity
43
Limitations / Disadvantages of prototyping
Extra work and duplication of effort Give impression of that we're done Not all ideas that can be prototyped are implementable
44
Focused prototype
Implement one or a few attributes of the product Answer specific questions of the design Generally several are required
45
Comprehensive Prototype
Implement many or all attributes of the product Offer opportunities for rigorous testing Often best for milestones and integration
46
Physical prototypes
Something tangible
47
Analytical prototypes
Mathematical model of the product Cheaper than physical
48
What is a Collaborative platform in PD?
Software or digital tools that enables co-ordination and progress within the product development process.
49
PDM is?
A system for storing, archiving and managing product engineering data. Gathers all important data at one place. Product data management, collaborative platform that may contain drawings, tests, and specs of a product.
50
QFD summary
Coordinating skills within an organization Designing goods that customers want to purchase Target setting for mature products Breaks down barriers and encourage teamwork
51
Design for X
Design for x” (DFX) Methodology has been introduced to guarantee criteria are respected such as reliability, manufacturability, robustness… in order to meet needs and specifications during the design phase of a product.

Product Life Cycle Management (1 decks)

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