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1
Q

Root: trophy

A

development, nourishment

ex: hypertrophy - enlargement or overgrowth of an organ or tissue due to an increase in size of its cells

ex: atrophy - wasting away or decrease in size of an organ or tissue

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2
Q

Root: vascul

A

blood vessel

ex: vasculitis - inflammation of blood vessels

ex: vasculgenesis - the process by which new blood vessels are formed during embryonic development

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3
Q

Root: pector

A

chest

ex: pectoral - related to the chest

ex: pectoralgia - pain in the chest, particularly the region of the pectoral muscles

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4
Q

Root: my/o

A

muscle

ex: myalgia - muscle pain or discomfort

ex: myogram - a graphical record of the electrical activity occurring within muscle tissue during contraction and relaxation

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5
Q

Root: physic

A

body

ex: physician - medical doctor who practices medicine, diagnosing and treating illnesses, injuries and diseases

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6
Q

Prefix: hyper

A

above normal, excessive

ex: hyperglycemia - high levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood

ex: hypercalcemia - condition characterized by abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood

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7
Q

Prefix: de

A

without, out of, removal

ex: dehydration - condition where the body loses more fluids than it takes in, resulting in an imbalance of water and electrolytes

ex: debridement - medical procedure used to remove dead, damaged, or infected tissue from a wound or injury site

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8
Q

Prefix: a

A

without, not

ex: aseptic - condition that is free from disease-causing microorganisms or pathogens

ex: aphasia - a language disorder characterized by difficulty understanding or producing spoken or written language

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9
Q

Prefix: end

A

inside, within

ex: endoscope - medical instrument used for visual examination of the interior of a hollow organ or body cavity

ex: endometrium - inner lining of the uterus, which thickens during the menstrual cycle in preparation for potential embryo implantation

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10
Q

Prefix: media

A

middle

ex: medial: position or structure that is situated toward the midline

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11
Q

Suffix: algia

A

pain, painful condition

ex: neuralgia - sharp, stabbing or burning pain that follows the path of a nerve

ex: odontalgia - known as toothache and is pain in or around a tooth or teeth

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12
Q

Suffix: lysis

A

destruction, dissolve

ex: hemolysis - breakdown or destruction or red blood cells, leading to the release of hemoglobin into the bloodstream

ex: cytolysis - destruction or lysis of cells, leading to the rupture and release of intracellular contents

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13
Q

Suffix: plasty

A

surgical repair

ex: rhinoplasty - surgical procedure to reshape or reconstruct the nose

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14
Q

Suffix: ion

A

action, condition, state

ex: infection - invasion and multiplication of harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites, within the body

ex: depression - mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings or sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest…

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15
Q

Suffix: ary

A

pertaining to

ex: coronary - related to the coronary arteries, which supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle

ex: pulmonary - relates to the lungs and pulmonary system

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16
Q

Root: alveol

A

alveolous, air sac

ex: alveolus/alveoli - small air sac in the lungs where gas exchange occurs

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17
Q

Root: bronch/i

A

bronchus

ex: bronchitis - inflammation of the bronchial tubes

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18
Q

Root: pnea

A

breathe

ex: apnea - a temporary cessation of breathing, often during sleep

ex: dyspnea - difficulty or discomfort in breathing, often associated with conditions affecting the lungs or heart

ex: tachypnea - abnomrally rapid breathing

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19
Q

Root: or/o

A

mouth

ex: oral - relating to the mouth or administered through or affecting the mouth

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20
Q

Root: pleur

A

pleura (membrane surrounding the lungs and lining of the chest)

ex: pleurisy - inflammation of the pleura

ex: pleurcentesis - medical procedure involving the removal of fluid from the pleural cavity

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21
Q

Prefix: hypo

A

below, deficiency

ex: hypoglycemia - abnormally low level of sugar in the blood, often associated with symptoms such as weakness, dizziness and sweating

ex: hypotension - abnormally low blood pressure

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22
Q

Prefix: per

A

through, throughout

ex: permeate - to spread throughout or penetrate something

ex: persevere - to persist or continue in a course of action despite difficulties or obstables

ex: permeable - allowing liquids or gasses to pass through

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23
Q

Prefix: epi

A

above, upon

ex: epidermis - outermost layer of the skin, covering the body’s surface

ex: epidemic - a widespread occurrence of a disease in a particular community or region at a particular time

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24
Q

Prefix: ana

A

away from, excessive

ex: anaphylaxis - life-threatening allergic reaction when exposed to an allergen, leading to difficulty breathing, low blood pressure and shock

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25
Prefix: dys
bad, difficult, painful ex: dysfunction - abnormal or impaired function of an organ ex: dysphagia - difficulty or discomfort in swallowing ex: dysuria - painful or difficult urination
26
Suffix: crit
to separate or choose ex: hemotocrit - the percentage of red blood cells in the total blood volume, measured in a blood sample
27
Suffix: oid
resembling ex: android - resembling a human ex: asteroid - resembling a sta
28
Suffix: ole
small ex: arteriole - a small branch of an artery that leads to capillaries ex: bronchiole - a small branch of the bronchial tubes within the lungs
29
Suffix: eal
pertaining to ex: corporeal - relating to the body or physical existence ex: meningeal - relating to the meninges, the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord
30
Suffix: tomy
surgical incision ex: tracheotomy - surgical procedure involving an incision into the trachea to provide an airway for breathing
31
Root: diagnost
decision ex: diagnosis - the identification of a disease or condition based on signs, symptoms, and diagnostic tests
32
Root: lapar/o
abdomen in general ex: laparotomy - a surgical incision made into the abdominal wall to gain access to the abdominal cavity ex: laparocentesis - a procedure involving the insertion of a needy into the abdominal cavity
33
Root: hallucin
imagination ex: hallucination
34
Root: gastr/o
stomach ex: gastroenteritis - inflammation of the stomach and intestines ex: gastrectomy - surgical removal of all or part of the stomach, often performed to treat stomach cancer
35
Root: aliment
nourishment, food ex: alimentation - the process of providing or receiving nourishment or food ex: alimentary tract - digestive tract
36
Prefix: re
again, back, backward ex: reassess - to assess or evaluate again ex: recur - to occur again
37
Prefix: sub
below, under ex: subconscious - below the level of consciousness, relating to thoughts, feelings not fully conscious ex: substandard - below the usual or required standard
38
Prefix: com
with, together ex: community - a group of people living in the same area ex: compatibility - the quality of being able to exist or work together
39
Prefix: quadri
four ex: quadriplegia - paralysis of all four limbs ex: quadrennial - occurring every four years (election)
40
Prefix: de
without, out of, removal ex: detoxity - remove toxins or harmful substances from the body, often through metabolic processes
41
Suffix: cele
cave, hernia, swelling ex: cystocele - a herniation of the bladder into the vagina ex: myelocele - a type of spina bifida in which the spinal cord is exposed through a defect in the vertebral column ex: hydrocele - a fluid-filled sac around the testicle
42
Suffix: stomy
new opening ex: colostomy - surgical creation of an opening in the trachea, typically through the neck ex: urostomy - surgical creation of an opening in the urinary tract, typically diverting urine flow to the outside of the body
43
Suffix: ase
enzyme ex: lactase - an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of lactose into glucise and galactose ex: lipase - an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of fats into fatty accids and glycerol
44
Suffix: iatry
treatment, field of medicine psychiatry - branch of medicine focused on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of medical disorders
45
Suffix: rrhoid
flow ex: hemorrhoid - swollen veins in the lowest part of the rectum and anus that become inflamed and swollen
46
Root: bi/o
life or living organism ex: biology - the study of living organisms
47
Root: uret
ureter (muscular ducts that propel urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder) ex: ureterectomy - surgical removal of a ureter, often performed in cases of severe blockage or cancer
48
Root: phot/o
light ex: photoreceptor - cells in the retina that respond to light ex: phototherapy - a medical treatment that involves exposure to light
49
Root: crine
secretion or separation ex: endocrine - glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream
50
Root: surg
surgery ex: surgical - pertaining to or involving surgery
51
Root: nitr/o
nitrogen or nitrogen-containing compounds ex: nitrogenous waste - referring to waste products containing nitrogen that are excreted from the body, particularly in urine
52
Root: didymis
refers to the testes, which are the male repoductive glands responsible for producing sperm and hormones such as testosterone ex: didymitis - inflammation of the testes, often caused by infection or injury
53
Root: cyst
sac or bladder, often containing fluid ex: cystectomy - surgical removal of a cyst
54
Root: vas
vessel or duct ex: vasectomy - surgical procedure for male sterilization
55
Root: acid/o
acidity or sourness ex: acidosis - a medical condition characterized by an excessive acidity of body fluids
56
Prefix: in
not, without ex: inactive - not active or functioning ex: inability - the state of being unable to do something
57
Prefix: bi
two, double ex: bilateral - pertaining to both sides
58
Prefix: para
beside, beyond ex: parathyroid - pertaining to glands located near or adjacent to the thyroid gland
59
Prefix: anti
against, opposed to ex: antibiotic - a substance that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms like bacteria
60
Prefix: supra
above, beyond ex: supraventricular - pertaining to a region or activity occurring above the ventricles of the heart
61
Suffix: logy
the study of ex: biology - the study of living organisms and their interactions with each other
62
Suffix: genesis
origin, formation ex: oncogensis - the process of tumor formation or the development of cancer
63
Suffix: opia
vision, visual condition ex: presbyopia - a common age-related condition in which the lens of the eye loses its flexibility, resulting in difficulty focusing on close objects
64
Suffix: ose
full of, pertaining to ex: glucose - a simple sugar that serves as the primary source of energy for the body’s cells
65
Suffix: oma
tumor, mass ex: melanoma - a type of skin cancer that arises from the pigment-producing cells (melanocytes) in the skin
66
Root: cervic
neck ex: cervical - relating to the neck ex: cervicalgia - pain in the neck
67
Root: vestibul/o
vestibule, entrance ex: vestibulocochlear - relating to both the vesibular and auditory systems, as in the vertibulococohlear nerve, which carries sensory information from the inner ear to the brain ex: vestibulitis - inflammation of the vestibule
68
Root: drome
running (pathway) ex: syndrome - a group of symptoms that consistently occur together and indicate a particular disease
69
Root: menstr/u
menses, occurring monthly ex: menstrual - relating to or associated with menstruation ex: premenstrual - occurring or experienced before menstruation, often referring to symptoms such as mood changes or bloating
70
Root: gestat
gestation, pregnancy, to bear ex: gestational - relating to or occurring before pregnancy ex: gestational age - the age of a fetus or newborn infant, usually expressed in weeks from the first day of the mother’s last menstrual period
71
Prefix: post
after ex: postpartum - after childbirth, the period after delivery ex: postoperative - after surgery; the period following a surgical procedure
72
Prefix: syn
together ex: synthesis - the combination of parts or elements to form a whole ex: synapse - the junction between two nerve cells, where electrical or chemical signals are transmitted
73
Prefix: endo
inside, within ex: endocrine: relating to glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream ex: endogenous - originating from within the body or produced internally
74
Prefix: ab
away from ex: abnormal - deviating from what is normal or usual
75
Prefix: retro
backward ex: retrograde - moving or tending backward or in the opposite direction ex: retrograde amnesia - loss of memory for events that occurred before a traumatic injury
76
Suffix: sis
condition, state of Ex: diagnosis - the identification of a disease or condition by analyzing signs, symptoms, and test results
77
Suffix: ate
to become, to cause to become ex: oxidate - to undergo oxidation or to cause something to undergo oxidation
78
Suffix: ity
state, condition, quality ex: mortality - the state of being subject to death; the quality or condition of being mortal
79
Suffix: ectomy
surgical removal or excision or a specific part of the body ex: appendectomy - surgical removal of the appendix
80
Suffix: scopy
use of a scope or an instrument for viewing ex: endoscopy - a medical procedure that involves the insertion of a flexible tube with a light and camer into the body to view internal organs or tissues
81
Suffix: ar
pertaining to ex: vascular - pertaining to the blood vessels
82
Suffix: centesis
to puncture ex: pericardiocentesis - a procedure in which a needle is inserted into the pericardial sac surrounding the heart to remove excess fluid
83
Suffix: ment
action, state ex: movement - the act or process of changing position or location ex: treatment: the act or manner of dealing with or handling a person or thing
84
Suffix: gen
create, produce, form ex: carcinogen - a substance or agent that can cause cancer ex: mutagen - a physical or chemical agent that causes genetic mutation
85
Suffix: ive
nature of, quality of, pertaining to ex: digestive - relating to the process of digestion ex: sedative - having a calming or tranquilizing effect
86
Define prefix
A prefix is an element added to the beginning of a root or combining form. Prefixes continue to expand the meaning of medical terms Prefixes never require a combining vowel Not every term has a prefix
87
Define suffix
A suffix is an element added to the end of a root or combining form to give it a new meaning If the suffix begins with a consonant, it must follow a combining vowel If the suffix begins with a vowel, no combining vowel is needed
88
Define combining vowel
Roots are often joined to other elements of a medical term by placing a combining vowel on the end of the root A root plus a combining vowel creates a combining form "o" is the most common
89
Define superior
Situated above Also known as upper and cephalic. Opposite of inferior/lower/caudal
90
Define histology
study of the structure and function of cells, tissues, and organs
91
Define prone
Lying face down, flat on your belly Opposite to supine
92
Define posterior
Pertaining to the back surface of the body; situated behind Opposite to anterior. Also known as dorsal
93
Define dorsal
Pertaining to the back or situated behind. The same as posterior and opposite to ventral/frontal/anterior
94
A root plus a _____ make a combining form
combining vowel
95
The core of any element is _____
root
96
Do all medical terms have all three elements? (root, suffix, prefix)
No, they don't always have a prefix
97
Is the foundation of the word that provide its meaning is known as?
root
98
The front surface of the body is the _____ surface
anterior/ventral
99
Posterior means _____ and is opposite to _____
dorsal/back and anterior/ventral/front
100
What is another word for frontal?
coronal plane
101
The frontal plane divides the body into _____ and _____ portions
frontal/coronal plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into front/anterior/ventral and back/posterior/dorsal portions
102
The transverse plane is the same as _____
transverse or horizontal plane: a plane passing across the body parallel to the floor and perpendicular to the body's long axis. It divides the body into an upper/superior/cephalic portion and a lower/inferior/caudal portion
103
Root: respir
breathe
104
Root: pneum/o
air/lung
105
Root: cardi/o
heart
106
Root: nucle/o
nucleus
107
Root gynec/o
female/woman
108
Root: hist/o
tissue
109
Root: axill
armpit
110
Root: home/o
the same
111
Root: neur/o
nerve
112
Root: ribo
from ribose, a sugar
113
Prefix: pre
before, in front of
114
Prefix: intra
inside, within
115
Prefix: dia
complete
116
Prefix: peri
around
117
Prefix: endo
inside, within
118
Prefix: hyper
above normal, excessive
119
Prefix: hypo
below normal, deficient
120
Prefix: pro
before, project forward
121
Suffix: pathy
disease
122
Suffix: ist
specialist, agent
123
Suffix: logy
study of
124
Suffix: ation
a process
125
Suffix: ary
pertaining to
126
Suffix: edema
swelling
127
Suffix: genesis
creation, origin, formation
128
Suffix: ician
expert
129
Suffix: logist
specialist, one who studies
130
Suffix: stasis
standstill control
131
Root: melan
black pigment
132
Root: integument
covering the body
133
Root: derm
skin
134
Root: paill/p
pimple
135
Root: malign
harmful, bad
136
Root: stat
stationary
137
Root: chir/o
hand
138
Root: orth/o
straight
139
Root: cry/o
icy, cold
140
Root: stasis
stagnant, stay in one place
141
Prefix: meta
after, beyond
142
Prefix: trans
across, through
143
Prefix: para
adjacent to
144
Prefix: ex
away from, out of
145
Prefix: re
again, back, backward
146
Prefix: peri
around
147
Prefix: mal
bad, difficult
148
Prefix: anti
against
149
Prefix: de
from, out of
150
Suffix: ed
pertaining to
151
Suffix: ic
pertaining to
152
Suffix: itis
inflammation
153
Suffix: ment
action, state
154
Suffix: tic
pertaining to
155
Suffix: ation
a process
156
Suffix: pathy
disease
157
Suffix: um
tissue, structure
158
Suffix: gen
produce
159
Root: noct
night
160
Root: supra
above
161
Root: crypt
hidden
162
Root: retro
backward
163
Root: brachy
short

Medical Terminology (8 decks)

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