Exam

Question 1

What is the greatest good

Answer 1

Eudomonea: the fulfillment or happiness of life

Question 2

Tell about Allegory of the Cave

Answer 2

Written by Plato about education and was the point out of 3 where he used Socrates as a character for his own philosophies

Question 3

Who wrote Euthyphro

Answer 3

Plato

Question 4

Who wrote Nicochean ethics

Answer 4

Said by Aristotle but written by his son Nico

Question 5

Tell me about Socrates

Answer 5

Ugly, poisoned himself, didn’t write anything, student was Plato

Question 6

Tell me about Plato

Answer 6

Founded the academy, believed heaven realm is best, came from prestigious family expected to go to politics

Question 7

Tell me about Aristotle

Answer 7

Everything we have is here on earth, disagreed often with Plato, studied for 20 years, everything written was burned. Started the Lyceum

Question 8

What is deductive

Answer 8

If the premise is true, and structure is correct then it must be true

Question 9

What is inductive

Answer 9

Is most likely to be true because of prior actions

Question 10

What is a priori

Answer 10

Knowledge known before hand

Question 11

A posteriori

Answer 11

Knowledge known based off experience

Question 12

Analytic statement

Answer 12

True by definition (married men are bachelors)

Question 13

Synthetic statement

Answer 13

Not true by definition (there are bachelors in Belgium)

Question 14

Descartes levels to doubt everything

Answer 14

Was to make everything as solid as math
1- question education and books/taught
2- question of dreaming and your senses
3- must be an evil demon in head

Question 15

Who did rationalism

Answer 15

Descartes

Question 16

Who did empiricism

Answer 16

Locke

Question 17

According to Hume’s fork, one cannot know:

Answer 17

That god exists

Question 18

Who replies to Hume’s for and says what about believing in god

Answer 18

Kant says makes synthetic and a posteriori category

Question 19

What is metaphysics?

Answer 19

Attempt to understand reality

Question 20

What is metaphysics?

Answer 20

Attempt to understand reality

Question 21

What is cosmology

Answer 21

Trying to understand how things began

Question 22

What is ontology

Answer 22

Your idea of what exists

Question 23

What is the mind and body problem?

Answer 23

The brain and mind what is the difference and also the mind and matter

Question 24

What is monism?

Answer 24

Said by Spinoza and believe we were all god

Question 25

What is dualism?

Answer 25

Said by Descartes and we are mind and body.

Question 26

What is pluralism

Answer 26

Said by Leibniz. We are made of monads that are like smart atoms

Question 27

What is cosmological arg for god

Answer 27

God caused the Big Bang

Question 28

What is the argument from design?

Answer 28

Earth is so complex that it needs a intelligent maker

Question 29

What is fine tuned argument?

Answer 29

Everything has been perfectly tuned to allow life

Question 30

What is Ontological arg?

Answer 30

A object that exist is greater than an idea of it (Anselm) - god is perfect, there for he exists

Question 31

Evil arg against god?

Answer 31

How can he be omnipotent, omniscient, and omnibovolent and allow bad + argument by Augustine saying he allows bad for a reason.

Question 32

Pascal’s wager?

Answer 32

Believe in god because it’s the safest choice

Question 33

What is determinism?

Answer 33

Every action has a cause, so no free will all is predetermined

Question 34

What is indeterminism?

Answer 34

Everything is a matter of choice, all free will.

Question 35

What does Candide mean?

Answer 35

Naive

Question 36

What does pangloss mean? And who was is a mimic of

Answer 36

All-talk and Leibniz

Question 37

What was the old lady’s point in the story?

Answer 37

Everyone’s life sucks, not best of all possible worlds

Question 38

Who is James from Candide?

Answer 38

Only character not made fun of. He was the anti Baptist

Question 39

What was el dorado in Candide?

Answer 39

It was utopia, had gold as pebbles, no governing, no gossip, king was a greeter, etc

Question 40

What was Paris like in Candide?

Answer 40

The opposite of El dorado, really negative, very gossip,

Question 41

What was the end message from Candide?

Answer 41

Cultivate your garden. Do what makes you happy

Question 42

Who wrote the prince?

Answer 42

Niccolo Machiavelli

Question 43

Why was the prince written

Answer 43

Wrote as a job application because was kicked out of hierarchy

Question 44

Why was Cesar’s Borgia seen as a hero?

Answer 44

He used all 3 armies, was feared & loved, always choose a side

Question 45

What is good cruelty?

Answer 45

Doing one act to create peace then done

Question 46

What is bad cruelty?

Answer 46

One act then actions get worse and continue

Question 47

What are all the armies?

Answer 47

Auxiliary - borrowed from another(not loyal) Mercenary - hired (will not die for money) Native - best bc die to protect family and land

Question 48

What does he say to do in time of peace?

Answer 48

Prepare for war

Question 49

Be loved or feared?

Answer 49

Be both but if only one be feared to create respect

Question 50

Should be a lion or a fox as a king?

Answer 50

Both, strong and courageous like a lion but clever and sneaky like a fox.

Question 51

What is a Virtue?

Answer 51

A mean between 2 vices

Question 52

What to ask yourself in virtue ethics?

Answer 52

What kind of person am I beginning?

Question 53

What does Aristotle say you need to be virtuous

Answer 53

Practical wisdom Material goods Social goods

Question 54

What is Utilitarian perspective?

Answer 54

The greatest amount of good for greatest number of people. Bentham (quantity) mill (both). Problem is bias with close people

Question 55

Explain Deontological?

Answer 55

By Kant, what is morally right? Applied maxim to decide if right

Question 56

What is existentialism?

Answer 56

Existence and essence of humans vs objects

Question 57

What is bad faith?

Answer 57

Using an excuse for actions (as if it’s not your responsibility)

Question 58

What is quietism?

Answer 58

Letting another standup and do things for you. Related to subjectivity and moral relativity