exam Flashcards
(31 cards)
What were the economic causes of sectional divisions from founding to the 1860s in the North?
Industry, factories, and machines. Favored tariffs.
What were the economic causes of sectional divisions from founding to the 1860s in the South?
Agriculture/Farming. No tariffs.
What was the impact of Chief Justice Marshall’s Supreme Court decisions?
Gave more power to the federal government.
What is the doctrine of implied powers?
Powers not listed in the Constitution still remain with the federal government.
What does loose interpretation of the Constitution mean?
Whatever the Constitution does not forbid should be allowed.
What was the spoils system during Jackson’s Presidency?
Fired hundreds of government officials and hired his own supporters as a reward.
What was the impact of Jackson’s Bank War on the economy?
Caused inflation and led to the Panic of 1837.
What were the push factors for westward expansion?
The east was getting overcrowded.
What were the pull factors for westward expansion?
- Gold rush
- Fur trade
- Homestead Act
- Lots of land for farming
- Railroad system
What is Manifest Destiny?
People felt called by God to move west and settle lands in the West.
What were the Southern concerns regarding the expansion of slavery?
It would ruin their economy due to reliance on free labor and high production rate.
What were the terms of the Missouri Compromise?
- Missouri would enter as a slave state
- Maine as a free state
- Line drawn from SW corner of Missouri to west coast
- New states below the line would become slave states
- New states above the line would become free states
What was the controversy over territorial expansion during the Mexican-American War?
Texas entered as a slave state and there was a dispute over the border with Mexico.
What were the terms of the Compromise of 1850?
- California enters as a free state
- Strict fugitive slave law
- Ends slave trade in Washington D.C.
- Popular Sovereignty to decide slavery in Utah and New Mexico territories
What caused the Nullification Crisis?
Congress created a very high tariff (Tariff of Abomination).
What is federalism?
Power divided between the federal government and the states.
What is the purpose of checks and balances?
To ensure that no branch of government becomes too powerful.
What is the amendment process of the US Constitution?
2/3 of Congress and 3/4 of the states.
What was the purpose of the Monroe Doctrine?
Warning European nations to stay out of the western hemisphere/South America.
What were the causes of the War of 1812?
- British impressment of American sailors
- Arming natives
- British occupying forts in the northwest region
- Blocking American trade in the ports
What foreign policy advice did Washington give in his Farewell Address?
- Stay out of foreign wars
- Avoid political parties
- Avoid permanent alliances
What was the impact of the French & Indian War on British/American relations?
Caused the British to be in debt, leading them to tax its colonists.
What was the purpose of Washington’s Proclamation of Neutrality?
To stay out of France’s wars.
What were the reasons for rapid economic growth between 1800 & 1850?
Massive production of goods and new inventions.
