EXAM Flashcards
(13 cards)
What are the 6 roles of hormones?
growth, development, reproduction, metabolism, maintain fluid, immune system, stress response
What are properties of amino acid hormones?
Water soluble, travel freely in blood, bind to cell receptor
What are the properties of steroid hormones?
Lipid soluble, bind to intracellular receptor, travel blood bound to carrier (thyroid hormone)
What is the negative feedback loop to short-term stress?
Action potential stimulate sympathetic NS which stimulates adrenal medulla to secrete adrenaline and noradrenaline to activate fight/flight responses.
What is the negative feedback loop to long-term stress?
Hypothalamus releases corticotropin which stimulates pituitary gland to release ACTH which releases cortisol.
What tests are used to examine endocrine functions?
blood tests, stimulation (hypofunction), supression (hyperfunction), imaging - isotopic scanning, CT, MRI, PET ultrasonic
How does stimulation testing work?
HYPOFUNCTION Tropic/stimulating administering to test ability of functioning of endocrine (hormones increased) e.g. ACTH hormones
What is the aspects of chain of Infection?
Infectious agent > Reservoir > Portal of exit > Mode of transmission > Portal of entry > Susceptible host > back to infectious agent
Symptoms of meningococcal?
- Flu-like. High fever, chills, headache, stiff neck (not in children), vomiting, drowsiness, rash or spots, sensitivity to bright like, cold hands of feet, budging fontanel
How is meningococcal transmitted?
Saliva or resp droplets, drink bottles, kissing.
What is the meningococcal rash caused by?
DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation) - loss of balance between clotting and clot-lysing. The bacteria activates clotting factors on mass which depletes body of platelets which results of increase in bleeding which results in the bruises.
What is the treatment for meningococcal?
IV ceftriaxone (penicillin like AB, is bactericidal)
