Exam Flashcards
(18 cards)
What are the multi dimensional components of wellness?
Physical
Intellectual
Spiritual
Social
Emotional
Environmental
Financial
How can you improve your own wellness?
SMART goals
What is homeostasis- list 3 examples
Homeostasis is the ability for our bodies to maintain an internal balance despite external changes. Examples include: temperature regulation, osmoregulation, blood ph (co2 levels), glucose homeostasis
What are the steps in a negative feedback loop
Cause-change-receptor-control center-effector-change-normal
Passive transport
Passive- goes with the concentration gradient, no energy required
Active transport
Goes against the concentration gradient (need energy to form ATP)
Endocytosis and exocytosis
Endo and exo is transport of large particles.
-Endocytosis is transport of the large particles into a cell
-Exocytosis is transport of large particles out of the cell
What is hypertonic
Soluté concentration is higher outside of the cell, so water inside of the cell rushes it to try to balance it out
What is isotonic
Solute concentration is even on the inside and outside so water flows freely between the two in the same amount.
What is hypotonic
Soluté concentration is higher inside the cell, so water from outside the cell rushes in to try to blanch it out
What is osmosis
Diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane
What are the five factors that affect movement of substances across a cell membrane
- Size-easier to transport smaller
- Polarity- the more polar a molecule, the more difficult it will be to transport (larger SA)
- temperature- easier to transport for warm, because more collisions
- Surface area- easier to transport for a small SA
- Concentration- easier to be transported when the concentration gradient is more pronounced.
What is chemical digestion
Chemical breakdown of food (for example, enzymes, HCI, secretions)
What is mechanical digestion
Th physical breakdown of food (teeth chew & tear food, peristalsis in esophagus, stomach churning, peristalsis in SI and LI)
List the path of food from the time that it enters your body untill it is excreted (chemical and mechanical)
- Mouth
Chemical- salivary amylase in saliva breaks down carbs into sugars
Mechanical- teeth chew food - Pharynx
- Past the epiglottis
- Esophagus
Mechanical- peristalsis breaks food down into smaller pieces
5.past the cardiac sphincter - Stomach
Mechanical - stomach churning
Chemical- HCL, Pepsin breaks down protein - Past the pyloric sphincter
8 into small intestine (3 parts)
—> duodenum
—>jejunum
—> ileum
Chemical- bile is released form gall bladder into SI to emulsify fats, maltase breaks down maltose into monosaccharides etc
Mechanical- peristalsis - Large intestine (4 parts)
—> ascending colon
—> transverse colon
—> descending colon
—> sigmoid colon
Mechanical- peristalsis
Chemical- water is removed from feces - Rectum
- Anus
Chemical vs mechanical
Chemical- breakdown of food using chemicals and enzymes
Mechanical- digestion is the physical breakdown of food.
Which organ produces bile?
Liver
Which organ stores bile
Gallbladder ( bike gets released from the gallbladder when fat enters the SI (CCK will send a message to the gall bladder to release bile to break down these fats)
