Exam 1B: Ouelette Chapter 13 Antibiotics Flashcards
(14 cards)
Drugs which interferes with the growth or replication of organisms but do not kill the offending organism.
Bacteriostatic
Defined as the lowest concentration of a given antimicrobial at which an organism’s growth is inhibited.
Minimum inhibitory concentration
Drugs which kill bacteria.
bactericidal
Either bactericidal and bacteriostatic concentrations is above a level that can be safely achieved in a patient, that organism is considered _____ to that drug.
resistant
The clinical efficacy is related to “as the concentration of the drug increases, so does the rate and extent of bacterial death”.
Dose-dependent killing
Example of a dose-dependent drug.
Aminoglycosides
Clinical efficacy is related to the duration of time that the minimum inhibitory concentration is maintained.
Time-dependent killing
Example of time-dependent killing drug
Beta-lactam antibiotics.
Phenomenon called when antibiotics agents are administered, bacterial growth is suppressed even after an antibiotic level is no longer detected.
Postantibiotic effect
Name 2 synergistic antibiotics.
- Ampicillin + gentamicin: enterococcal endocarditis
2. Ampicillin + Sulbactam: inhibits enzymatic inactivation
Subclasses of Beta Lactams (5)
- PCNs
- Cephalosporins
- Monobactams
- Beta-lactamase inhibitors
- Carbapenems
This the enzyme that is inhibited by PCN and cephalosporins.
transpeptidase (cross-linking of glycoprotein and AA to form the bacterial cell wall)
Classifications of PCNs
- PCN G and V
- Penicillinase-resistant PCN
- Extended-spectrum PCN
This drug my be administered simultaneously with oral PCNs to competitively inhibit the renal tubular secretion of PCN, thereby raising the serum blood levels.
Probenecid
