exam 2

Question 1

probability

Answer 1

measure of the likelihood of a random phenomenon or chance behavior occurring

Question 2

experiment

Answer 2

a process with uncertain results that can be repeated

Question 3

event

Answer 3

any collection of outcomes from a probability experiment

- Notation: E

Question 4

simple event

Answer 4

an event with only one possible outcome

- notation: e sub i

Question 5

sample space

Answer 5

a collection of all possible outcomes in a probability experiment
- Notation: S

Question 6

rules of probability

Answer 6

1) 0 = P(E) = 1

2) Sum of p(ei) = 1

Question 7

P(E) < 0.05

Answer 7

unlikely

Question 8

probability model

Answer 8

lists all possible outcomes of a probability experiment and each outcomes probability
- table must satisfy rules of probability

Question 9

empirical method

Answer 9

used when an experiment is actually performed

Question 10

Formula for empirical method

Answer 10

P(E) = frequency of E / number of trails in experiment

Question 11

law of large numbers

Answer 11

as the numbers of repetitions of a probability experiment increases, the proportion with which a certain outcome is observed gets closer to the actual probability of the outcomes

Question 12

classical method

Answer 12

relied on counting techniques. All outcomes MUST be equally likely

Question 13

formula for classical method

Answer 13

P(E) = number of ways E can occur / total number of possible outcomes

Question 14

disjoint

Answer 14

have no outcomes in common

Question 15

for disjoint events

Answer 15

P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)

Question 16

in general

Answer 16

P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A and B)

Question 17

or –>

Answer 17

either or

Question 18

and –>

Answer 18

both

Question 19

sample space notation

Answer 19

S

Question 20

simple event notation

Answer 20

e sub i

Question 21

event notation

Answer 21

E

Question 22

permutation

Answer 22

the number of arrangements of r objects chosen from n objects where
The n objects are distinct
Repetition is not allowed
Order matters

Question 23

combinations

Answer 23

the number of arrangements of r objects chosen from n objects where
The n objects are distinct
Repetition is not allowed
Order does not matter

Question 24

Notation of complement

Answer 24

E^c

Question 25

Formula of complement

Answer 25

P(E^c) = 1 - P(E)

Question 26

rules for discrete

Answer 26

Sum of P = 1 | 0 = P = 1

Question 27

mean of a discrete random variable

Answer 27

the mean outcome of an experiment if it was repeated many many times

Question 28

multiplication rule (independent events)

Answer 28

P(A and B) = P(A)*P(B)

Question 29

at least one probabilities

Answer 29

P(at least one ___) = 1- P (none ____)

Question 30

computing probabilities

Answer 30

- calculator

Question 31

notation of conditional probability

Answer 31

P(F|E)

Question 32

conditional probability rule

Answer 32

P(F|E) = P(E and F) / P(E)

Question 33

general multiplication rule

Answer 33

P(A and B) = P(A) * P(B|A) | - for dependent events

Question 34

probability density function (pdf)

Answer 34

an equation used to compute probabilities of continuous random variables

Question 35

permutation

Answer 35

- the number of arrangements of r objects chosen from n objects where - The n objects are distinct - Repetition is not allowed - Order matters

Question 36

permutation notation

Answer 36

n^p r ``` n = sample size p = permutation r = what you're looking for ```

Question 37

permutation calculator

Answer 37

n 9P4 | - Type in 9 -> Math -> PRB -> nPr -> type in 4

Question 38

permutation formula

Answer 38

nPr = n! / (n-r)!

Question 39

combinations

Answer 39

- the number of arrangements of r objects chosen from n objects where - The n objects are distinct - Repetition is not allowed - Order does not matter

Question 40

combinations notation

Answer 40

nCr

Question 41

combinations calculator

Answer 41

nCr = n! / (n*r) ! n!

Question 42

combinations formula

Answer 42

n -> Math -> PRB -> nCr -> r

Question 43

random variable notation

Answer 43

X

Question 44

symbol for mean discrete random variable

Answer 44

u sub X

Question 45

calculator for mean discrete random variable

Answer 45

1-var stat (L1, L2)

Question 46

STDEV for DRV symbol

Answer 46

long tail o sub x

Question 47

STDEV for DRV calculator

Answer 47

1-varstats (L1, L2)

Question 48

N

Answer 48

number of trials

Question 49

P

Answer 49

probability of success

Question 50

1-P

Answer 50

probability of failure

Question 51

X

Answer 51

number of successes

Question 52

computing probabilities

Answer 52

P(x = #) = binompdf (n, p, x) P(x <= #) = binomcdf (n, p, x)

Question 53

mean and STDEV formula

Answer 53

ux = n * p | long tail ox = square root of n*p*(1-p)

Question 54

2 properties of pdf

Answer 54

1. total area under the equation of the graph is 1 | 2. height of the graph of the equation is always >= 0

Question 55

continuous random variable properties

Answer 55

- symmetic about u - mean = mean = mode - inflection points at u +- STDEV - area under curve = 1 as x approaches +- infinity, graph never crosses the x axis - the empirical rule applies

Question 56

normal scores

Answer 56

expected z scores of data, assuming the random variable is normally distributed

Question 57

binompdf

Answer 57

for exact - (n, p%, x) - 2nd vars -> (n, p, x)

Question 58

binomcdf

Answer 58

for range - (n, p%, x) - 2nd vars -> (n, p, x)

Question 59

finding area with calculator

Answer 59

normalcdf(lower bound, upper bound, u, STDEV)

Question 60

find value of normal random variable

Answer 60

invnorm (area to L, u, STDEV)

Question 61

binomcdf

Answer 61

for range - (n, p%, x) - 2nd vars -> (n, p, x)

Question 62

if given area to right

Answer 62

invnorm (1-R, u, STDEV)