Exam 2 Flashcards
(108 cards)
1
Q
cyst
A
sac-like structure
2
Q
sessile
A
attached to a substrate
incapable of locomotion
3
Q
protonephridia
A
flame cells
4
Q
bioluminescence
A
chemical prudciton of lightj
protection from predation
luring prey
mating
5
Q
mantle
A
organic + inorganic components of the shell
6
Q
metanephridia
A
2 nephridia that is open at both ends
7
Q
Mollusca shell composed of
A
calcium carbonate
8
Q
amictic
A
production of eggs without mixing of genes from males
produce diploid eggs by mitosis
9
Q
Aplacophora
A
vermiform
foot form a keel
spicules outter body
benthic, corals, interstitial
10
Q
interstitial
A
lives in between sand grains or sediment
11
Q
Defining characteristics of Entoprocta
A
none
12
Q
Bdelloidea
A
Rotifers
only females
free-living
stressful enivonment
cryptobiosis
Reproduction : parthenogenesis
13
Q
What are the classes of Annelida?
A
Polychaeta (Siboglinidae, Vestimentifera)
Echiurans, Sipunculans
Clitellata (Oligochaeta, Hirudinae)
14
Q
captacula
A
tenetacles
15
Q
photophores
A
light organs in cephalopoda
16
Q
corona
A
ciliated surafce in rotifers used for locomotion and feeding
17
Q
cloaca
A
container of metabolic waste
18
Q
radula
A
band of rasping teeth used for scraping food in mollusc
19
Q
ctnedia
A
gills
found in the mantle cavity
20
Q
Bivalvia
A
clams, mussels
2-valved hinged shell
body flattened laterally
21
Q
acicula
A
chitinous support rods
22
Q
Common name of Acantocephala
A
spiny- headed worms
23
Q
siphon
A
how water enters and exit in mollusc
24
Q
trochophore
A
larvae
25
Siboglinidae
tube dweeling
26
Defining characteristics of Annelida
\>1 pairs of setae
27
Cephalopoda
CHECK 290
**squid, octopus**
shell divided by septa
closed circulatory system
systematic heart
branchial heart
28
Oligochaeta
**earthworm**
29
Cement glands
plugs the females vagina to trap sperm
30
pseudocoel
fluid-filled body cavity (not. atrue coelm)
31
mictic
produce haploid eggs by meiosis
if micitc eggs left unfertilized left with all females
winter
32
retrograde waves
wave of muscular contraction travels in the direction opposite that in which the snail is moving
33
epitoky
transformation into reproductive activity for polychaetae
34
transport host
no development of the parasite
35
Defining characteristics of Rotifera
adhesive toes
trophi
36
Pulmonata
**gastropoda**
mantle cavity highly vascularized
37
parthenogenesis
asexual reproduciton
reproduction without fertizlizaion
38
Defining characteristics of Gnathostomulida
none
39
ligament sacs
where gonads are held and sacs are made from collagen
40
What are the phylums in the Gnathifera?
Rotifers
Acanthocephala
41
lorica
shell-like protective outer covering
sessile organisms
42
nacreous layer
innmerost calcareous layer in mollusca
43
Acanthocephalan characteristics
ligament sacs
eutely
cuticle
GI parasites of vertebrates
proboscis with hooks
cement gland
44
Nautilus
cephalopoda with a true extenral shell
45
dextral
right handed shell
46
Defining characteristics of Mollusca
Mantle
47
Polyplacophora
**Chiton**
many plates (7-8 )
girdle
countercurrent exchange
bipectinate ctnedia
48
umbo
bulge
composed of the earliest part of the shell
can be used to tell the age
49
Defining characteristics of Cycliophora
chordoid larvae
50
trophi
jaws in rotifers
grab prey, suck food, grind food
51
Common name of Annelida
segmented worms
52
odontophore
cartilage-like structure in mollusca
53
Echiurans
54
periostracum
outter organic layer in mollusc
55
setae (chaetae)
chitinous bristles
56
parapodia
flattened outgrowths
57
radular sac
produces the radula and supported by the odontophore
58
osphradium
chemoreceptor/tactile receptor
59
proboscis
extensible tubular sucking organ seen in Acantocephala and Gastropoda and in Annelida (some)
can be used for attachemnt, feeding and sucking
60
Prosbranchia
**most primitive of gastropods**
mantle cavity anterior from torison
61
vermiform
worm-shaped body
62
chromatophores
colored cells in cephalopoda
63
cryptobiosis (diapause)
state in which metabolic activities come to a reversible standstill during periods of environmental stress
64
iridocytes
reflective cells in cephalopoda
65
Scaphopoda
**tusk shells**
shell open at both ends
threadlike, adhesive tentacles
66
What are the phylas in order?
Mollusca
Annelida
Entoprocta
Cycliophora
Gnathostomulida
Micrognathozoa
Rotifera
Acantocephala
67
Anomalodesmata
**bivalvia subclass**
hinge lacks true teeth
68
Micrognathozoa characteristics
only females
69
Defining characteristics of Micrognathozoa
none
70
Monoplacophora
single, unhinged cap shell
3-6 pairs of ctenidia
6-7 pairs of nephridia
71
septa
compartments in cephalopoda
72
countercurrent exchange
increases the efficiency of gas exchange
73
elytra
overlapping plates
74
nematocysts
defensive organelles for defense
75
nephridia
kidneys
76
nephrostome
kidney mouth
77
Monogononta
**Rotifers**
Sessile, free-living
reproduction : parthenogenesis
cryptobiosis
amictic or mitic (if environmental stress)
78
sinistral
left-handed shell
79
prismatic layer
thick calcareous layer in mollusca
80
Clitellata
hermaphroditic
permanent gonas
81
Sipunculans
U shaped gut
fully retractable
82
Gastropoda
**snails and slugs**
visceral mass and nervous system twisted (torison)
operculum
83
errant polychaete
free-moving, mobile
weel-developed parapodia
protrusible pharynx
84
hemocoel
blood cavity
85
mastax
muscualr modification of the pharynx of rotifers
86
sedentary polychaete
tube dweller
no protrusible pharynx
reduced parapodia
suspension feeder
87
Opisthobranchia
**gastropoda**
mantle cavity lateral or posterior due to detorison
88
atoke
sexually immature of the polychaetae
89
Polychaeta
**leech**
gonochoristic
divided into 2 groups (errant and sedentary)
90
Protobranchia
**bivalvia subclass**
small
demibranchs
palp proboscides (collection of food)
91
operculum
proteinaceous shield on foot of Gastropoda
92
labial palps
used for feeding in mollusca
93
epitoke
reproductive polychaete
94
vestimeferans
hydrothermal vents
95
ramet
clone
96
resting (diapause or winter) eggs
eggs highly resistant to physical and chemical stress
enter a state cyptobiosis
97
Gnathostomulida resembles
cnidardian larve due to having single cilium per cell
98
demibranchs
gills in 2 parts
99
metamerism
segementation
100
Hirudinea
**leech**
101
gonochoristic
dieocious
seperate sexes
102
siphuncle
connects the chambers
vascularized strand of tissue contained within a tube of calcium carbonate
103
Ontogeny of Annelida
Metamerism (segmentation)
104
What are the classes of Rotifera?
Bdelloidea
Monogononta
105
eutely
growth by increased cell size
106
Defining characteristics of Acanthocephala
ligament sacs
107
Lamellibranchs
**bivalvia**
gills function to collect food and gas exchange
108
What are the classes of Mollusca?
**PAM** **G**ets **B**old **S**tarbucks **C**offee
Polyplacophora
Aplacophra
Monoplacophora
Gastropoda
Bivalia
Scaphopoda
Cephalopoda
