Exam 2 Flashcards
(59 cards)
First trimester
(0-12 weeks) fundamental systems are formed
Second trimester
(12-24 weeks) structures become more defined
Third trimester
(24-38 weeks) growth in mass
Sensory memory
Temporary holding of information while short term memory is active; the initial encoding of information
Characteristics of sensory memory
Low capacity, rapid decay, may decline with age
Short term memory
Active process of information
to process information for later retrieval, to “work” on information in the moment
characteristics of short term memory
limited memory span, but depends on organization of information, rehearsal is a key operation for working memory
Long term memory
Long term memory is relatively permanent storage of information
To keep information available over time
Characteristics of long term memory
unlimited, not necessarily reliable
Explicit memory
Names, places, facts, figures
Remembered via active, effortful processing
Implicit memory
Unconscious routines; associated events
Remembered with almost no effort; certain patterns becomes automatic
Episodic memory
Autobiographical, personal, specific places, people and time
Semantic memory
Memory of events, objects and. words
Procedural memory
Motor activities, routines, previously learned skills
Spacing effect
memorizing materials in bits, distributed over time is most effective; distributed practice produces better long term memory
Testing effect
Practice at retrieving information
Serial position effect
Most recent information and most remote information typically better recalled and recognized that information in between
Decay
Some information fades with time, initial details forgotten quickly and then memory stabilizes
Retroactive interference
New learning interferes with recall of older memories
Proactive interference
Prior learning interferes with recall of new information
State dependent retrieval
State you’re in while listening should be the same during remembering
Context dependent retrieval
Cues from the surrounding environment can accompany a memory and should be present during retrieval
Anterograde amnesia
No ability to form new memories
retrograde amnesia
no ability to remember events from the past
